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IJGI
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Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data Modeling
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Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data Modeling

A special issue of ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (ISSN 2220-9964).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2015) | Viewed by 54183

Special Issue Editor

Dr. François Anton

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Guest Editor
Department of Geodesy, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark (DTU SPACE), Elektrovej, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
Interests: multi-dimensional spatial data modeling and data structures; interval analysis modeling of uncertainty; multi-dimensional mathematical modeling; ontologies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (ISSN 2220-9964) is publishing a special issue on Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data Modeling. This issue is part of the mission of the ISPRS Working group II/2, which aims to promote the development of new methodologies, algorithms and applications related to the representation of n-dimensional spatial data at multiple scales. Another focus of the group is on the development of topological and geometric data models, data structures and algorithms for automatic n-dimensional data generalization at different levels of detail and for various purposes.

The intended topics are:
- mathematical modeling and simulation in 3D and higher dimensional space (nD with n>3),
- 3D/nD geographic, environmental, scientific and technological applications of spatial data modeling,
- emulation of physical phenomena in 3D/nD,
- photogrammetric reconstruction of 3D/nD objects,
- spatial data structures for representing 3D/nD objects,
- spatial databases and spatial indexing for 3D/nD models,
- ontologies for the representation of 3D/nD geographic, environmental, scientific and technological application domains.Each relevant submitted manuscript will be reviewed anonymously by three reviewers from different backgrounds and from different geographic locations.

Dr François Anton
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.


Keywords

  • multidimensional spatial data modeling
  • multidimensional simulation
  • multidimensional emulation of physical phenomena, physical modeling
  • multidimensional data ontologies
  • (photogrammetric) reconstruction of objects in 3D/nD
  • multidimensional spatial data indexing
  • multidimensional spatial data structures
  • mathematical aspects of multidimensional spatial data modeling

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

5597 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Spatio-Temporal Identity: States of Existence and Presence
by Pierre Hallot and Roland Billen
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2016, 5(5), 62; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi5050062 - 12 May 2016
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 5767
Abstract
This work presents a new approach that aims to characterize the spatio-temporal relationships that exist between geographical objects that are absent or non-existent at the moment of analysis. First, we would like to propose a formal analysis of the spatio-temporal states of presence [...] Read more.
This work presents a new approach that aims to characterize the spatio-temporal relationships that exist between geographical objects that are absent or non-existent at the moment of analysis. First, we would like to propose a formal analysis of the spatio-temporal states of presence and existence of a geographical object. We will then use a combination of these states in order to define a set of life and motion configurations. The model developed then serves as a formal basis for the realization of a series of spatio-temporal queries based on an analysis of patterns in the succession of spatio-temporal states. The entire approach is then demonstrated by using the example of the organization of a scientific conference by defining the spatio-temporal relationships between the conference participants. The research methodology is finally compared with a real dataset taken from a geolocalized social network to show the efficiency of this type of management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data Modeling)
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6809 KiB  
Article
3D Cadastral Data Model Based on Conformal Geometry Algebra
by Ji-yi Zhang, Peng-cheng Yin, Gang Li, He-he Gu, Hua Zhao and Jian-chun Fu
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2016, 5(2), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi5020020 - 19 Feb 2016
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 6982
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cadastral data models that are based on Euclidean geometry (EG) are incapable of providing a unified representation of geometry and topological relations for 3D spatial units in a cadastral database. This lack of unification causes problems such as complex expression structure [...] Read more.
Three-dimensional (3D) cadastral data models that are based on Euclidean geometry (EG) are incapable of providing a unified representation of geometry and topological relations for 3D spatial units in a cadastral database. This lack of unification causes problems such as complex expression structure and inefficiency in the updating of 3D cadastral objects. The inability of current cadastral data models to express cadastral objects in a unified manner can be attributed to the different expressions of dimensional objects. Because the hierarchical Grassmann structure corresponds to the hierarchical structure of dimensions in conformal geometric algebra (CGA), geometric objects in different dimensions can be constructed by outer products in a unified expression form, which enables the direct extension of two-dimensional (2D) spatial representations to 3D spatial representations. The multivector structure in CGA can be employed to organize and store different dimensional objects in a multidimensional and unified manner. With the advantages of CGA in multidimensional expressions, a new 3D cadastral data model that is based on CGA is proposed in this paper. The geometries and topological relations of 3D spatial units can be represented in a unified form within the multivector structure. Detailed methods for 3D cadastral data model design based on CGA and data organization in CGA are introduced. The new cadastral data model is tested and analyzed with experimental data. The results indicate that the geometry and topological relations of 3D cadastral objects can be represented in a multidimensional manner with an intuitive topological structure and a unified dimensional expression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data Modeling)
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8197 KiB  
Article
The Dual Half-Edge—A Topological Primal/Dual Data Structure and Construction Operators for Modelling and Manipulating Cell Complexes
by Pawel Boguslawski and Christopher Gold
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2016, 5(2), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi5020019 - 19 Feb 2016
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 9298
Abstract
There is an increasing need for building models that permit interior navigation, e.g., for escape route analysis. This paper presents a non-manifold Computer-Aided Design (CAD) data structure, the dual half-edge based on the Poincaré duality that expresses both the geometric representations of individual [...] Read more.
There is an increasing need for building models that permit interior navigation, e.g., for escape route analysis. This paper presents a non-manifold Computer-Aided Design (CAD) data structure, the dual half-edge based on the Poincaré duality that expresses both the geometric representations of individual rooms and their topological relationships. Volumes and faces are expressed as vertices and edges respectively in the dual space, permitting a model just based on the storage of primal and dual vertices and edges. Attributes may be attached to all of these entities permitting, for example, shortest path queries between specified rooms, or to the exterior. Storage costs are shown to be comparable to other non-manifold models, and construction with local Euler-type operators is demonstrated with two large university buildings. This is intended to enhance current developments in 3D Geographic Information Systems for interior and exterior city modelling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data Modeling)
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3078 KiB  
Article
Towards Automatic and Topologically Consistent 3D Regional Geological Modeling from Boundaries and Attitudes
by Jiateng Guo, Lixin Wu, Wenhui Zhou, Jizhou Jiang and Chaoling Li
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2016, 5(2), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi5020017 - 17 Feb 2016
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 6753
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) geological models are important representations of the results of regional geological surveys. However, the process of constructing 3D geological models from two-dimensional (2D) geological elements remains difficult and is not necessarily robust. This paper proposes a method of migrating from 2D [...] Read more.
Three-dimensional (3D) geological models are important representations of the results of regional geological surveys. However, the process of constructing 3D geological models from two-dimensional (2D) geological elements remains difficult and is not necessarily robust. This paper proposes a method of migrating from 2D elements to 3D models. First, the geological interfaces were constructed using the Hermite Radial Basis Function (HRBF) to interpolate the boundaries and attitude data. Then, the subsurface geological bodies were extracted from the spatial map area using the Boolean method between the HRBF surface and the fundamental body. Finally, the top surfaces of the geological bodies were constructed by coupling the geological boundaries to digital elevation models. Based on this workflow, a prototype system was developed, and typical geological structures (e.g., folds, faults, and strata) were simulated. Geological modes were constructed through this workflow based on realistic regional geological survey data. The model construction process was rapid, and the resulting models accorded with the constraints of the original data. This method could also be used in other fields of study, including mining geology and urban geotechnical investigations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data Modeling)
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1586 KiB  
Article
Movement Pattern Analysis Based on Sequence Signatures
by Seyed Hossein Chavoshi, Bernard De Baets, Tijs Neutens, Matthias Delafontaine, Guy De Tré and Nico Van De Weghe
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2015, 4(3), 1605-1626; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4031605 - 2 Sep 2015
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 7209
Abstract
Increased affordability and deployment of advanced tracking technologies have led researchers from various domains to analyze the resulting spatio-temporal movement data sets for the purpose of knowledge discovery. Two different approaches can be considered in the analysis of moving objects: quantitative analysis and [...] Read more.
Increased affordability and deployment of advanced tracking technologies have led researchers from various domains to analyze the resulting spatio-temporal movement data sets for the purpose of knowledge discovery. Two different approaches can be considered in the analysis of moving objects: quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. This research focuses on the latter and uses the qualitative trajectory calculus (QTC), a type of calculus that represents qualitative data on moving point objects (MPOs), and establishes a framework to analyze the relative movement of multiple MPOs. A visualization technique called sequence signature (SESI) is used, which enables to map QTC patterns in a 2D indexed rasterized space in order to evaluate the similarity of relative movement patterns of multiple MPOs. The applicability of the proposed methodology is illustrated by means of two practical examples of interacting MPOs: cars on a highway and body parts of a samba dancer. The results show that the proposed method can be effectively used to analyze interactions of multiple MPOs in different domains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data Modeling)
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1362 KiB  
Article
Integrating Legal and Physical Dimensions of Urban Environments
by Ali Aien, Abbas Rajabifard, Mohsen Kalantari and Davood Shojaei
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2015, 4(3), 1442-1479; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4031442 - 17 Aug 2015
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 8026
Abstract
Building Information Models (e.g., IFC) and virtual 3D city models (e.g., CityGML) are revolutionising the way we manage information about our cities. However, the main focus of these models is on the physical and functional characteristics of urban properties and facilities, which neglects [...] Read more.
Building Information Models (e.g., IFC) and virtual 3D city models (e.g., CityGML) are revolutionising the way we manage information about our cities. However, the main focus of these models is on the physical and functional characteristics of urban properties and facilities, which neglects the legal and ownership aspects. In contrast, cadastral data models, such as the Land Administration Domain Model (LADM), have been developed for legal information management purposes and model legal objects such as ownership boundaries without providing correspondence to the object’s physical attributes. Integration of legal and physical objects in the virtual 3D city and cadastral models would maximise their utility and flexibility to support different applications that require an integrated resource of both legal and physical information, such as urban space management and land development processes. The aim of this paper is to propose a data model that supports both legal and physical information of urban environments. The methodology to develop this data model is to extend the core cadastral data model and integrate urban features into the data model. The outcome of the research can be utilised to extend the current data models to increases their usability for different applications that require both legal and physical information. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data Modeling)
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238 KiB  
Article
Modeling a 3D City Model and Its Levels of Detail as a True 4D Model
by Ken Arroyo Ohori, Hugo Ledoux, Filip Biljecki and Jantien Stoter
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2015, 4(3), 1055-1075; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4031055 - 2 Jul 2015
Cited by 44 | Viewed by 9176
Abstract
The various levels of detail (LODs) of a 3D city model are often stored independently, without links between the representations of the same object, causing inconsistencies, as well as update and maintenance problems. One solution to this problem is to model the LOD [...] Read more.
The various levels of detail (LODs) of a 3D city model are often stored independently, without links between the representations of the same object, causing inconsistencies, as well as update and maintenance problems. One solution to this problem is to model the LOD as an extra geometric dimension perpendicular to the three spatial ones, resulting in a true 4D model in which a single 4D object (a polychoron) represents a 3D polyhedral object (e.g., a building) at all of its LODs and a multiple-LOD 3D city model is modeled as a 4D cell complex. While such an approach has been discussed before at a conceptual level, our objective in this paper is to describe how it can be realized by appropriately linking existing 3D models of the same object at different LODs. We first present our general methodology to construct such a 4D model, which consists of three steps: (1) finding corresponding 0D–3D cells; (2) creating 1D–4D cells connecting them; and (3) constructing the 4D model. Because of the complex relationships between the objects in different LODs, the creation of the connecting cells can become difficult. We therefore describe four different alternatives to do this, and we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each in terms of their feasibility in practice and the properties that the resulting 4D model has. We show how the different linking schemes result in objects with different characteristics in several use cases. We also show how our linking method works in practice by implementing the linking of matching cells to construct a 4D model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data Modeling)
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