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Properties, Biosynthesis and Application of Antimicrobial Compounds

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 2443

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Regional Microbiological Center, Belgorod National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
Interests: actinobacteria; biodegradation pathways; bacterial resting forms; PGP activity; microbe–microbe interaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
Interests: bacteria; antimicrobial activity; microbe-microbe interaction; secondary metabolites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

When in their natural habitat, microorganisms synthesize a large number of compounds that allow them to regulate the number of both the producer strains themselves and other representatives of microbial communities. Antimicrobial agents include antibiotics, proteolytic enzymes complexes, compounds that disrupt the sense of quorum in the microbial population, and a variety of other examples. The ability of microbial strains to synthesize antimicrobial agents is widely deployed in biotechnology to obtain antibiotics, combat phytopathogens and restore the health of biocenoses.

The list of microorganisms capable of synthesizing antimicrobial agents is steadily increasing. The most promising in terms of the synthesis of antimicrobial agents are fungi, actinomycetes, bacilli, and lysobacters. One of the topical research topics in the development of technologies for obtaining antimicrobial agents of microbial origin is the intensification of the biosynthesis of antibiotics and the awakening of silent genes. The latter is very important for streptomycetes. In spite of the fact that these bacteria contain a huge number of genes for the biosynthesis of antibiotics, many of these genes are not expressed under normal conditions. Moreover, only original approaches, for example, the co-cultivation of producer strains with other microorganisms, make it possible to activate silent genes. It seems likely that research will enable both the obtention of new and effective strains for the production of antibiotic compounds and the development of effective technologies for the production of antimicrobial agents, as well as methods for their use to reduce the chemical load on the environment.

Topics of this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • types of microorganisms synthesizing antimicrobial agents;
  • description of new antimicrobial agents of microorganisms;
  • isolation, characterization and use of antimicrobial agents;
  • antibiotic biosynthetic pathways;
  • features of the cultivation of microbial strains for the synthesis of new substances;
  • bioinformatic analysis as a tool for the search for new antimicrobials.

Dr. Inna P. Solyanikova
Dr. Tatiana Abashina
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • antimicrobial compounds of microorganisms
  • whole genome sequencing
  • secondary metabolites
  • antimicrobial activity
  • biosynthesis
  • application

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 4557 KiB  
Article
Influence of the Chemical Properties of Cereal Grains on the Structure and Metabolism of the Bacteriome of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) and Its Development: A Cause–Effect Analysis
by Olga Kosewska, Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki and Mariusz Nietupski
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(18), 10130; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251810130 - 20 Sep 2024
Viewed by 635
Abstract
Rhyzopertha dominica causes significant economic losses in stored cereals. Insects’ digestive tract microbiome is crucial for their development, metabolism, resistance, and digestion. This work aimed to test whether the different chemical properties of different wheat and barley grain cultivars cause disturbances in insect [...] Read more.
Rhyzopertha dominica causes significant economic losses in stored cereals. Insects’ digestive tract microbiome is crucial for their development, metabolism, resistance, and digestion. This work aimed to test whether the different chemical properties of different wheat and barley grain cultivars cause disturbances in insect foraging and rearrangements of the structure of the R. dominica microbiome. The results indicated that grain cultivars significantly influence the microbiome, metabolism, and insect foraging. Most observed traits and microbiome structures were not correlated at the species level, as confirmed by ANOSIM (p = 0.441). However, the PLS-PM analysis revealed significant patterns within barley cultivars. The study found associations between C18:2 fatty acids, entomopathogenic bacteria, an impaired nitrogen cycle, lysine production of bacterial origin, and insect feeding. The antioxidant effects also showed trends towards impacting the microbiome and insect development. The findings suggest that manipulating grain chemical properties (increasing C18:2 and antioxidant levels) can influence the R. dominica microbiome, disrupting their foraging behaviours and adaptation to storage environments. This research supports the potential for breeding resistant cereals, offering an effective pest control strategy and reducing pesticide use in food production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Properties, Biosynthesis and Application of Antimicrobial Compounds)
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10 pages, 547 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Antimicrobial Activity of a Film-Forming Polyhexamethylene Biguanide Teat Disinfectant
by Yixing Lu, Di Wang, Yongxiang Zhang, Yueying Hu, Jiaxuan Lu, Zhenling Zeng and Dongping Zeng
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(24), 17444; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417444 - 13 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1254
Abstract
Bovine mastitis caused by infectious pathogens can lead to a decline in production performance and an increase in elimination rate, resulting in huge losses to the dairy industry. This study aims to prepare a novel dairy cow teat disinfectant with polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) [...] Read more.
Bovine mastitis caused by infectious pathogens can lead to a decline in production performance and an increase in elimination rate, resulting in huge losses to the dairy industry. This study aims to prepare a novel dairy cow teat disinfectant with polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) as the main bactericidal component and to evaluate its bactericidal activity in vitro and its disinfection effect in dairy cow teats. PHMB disinfectant with a concentration of 3 g/L was prepared with PVA-1788, propylene glycol and glycerol as excipients. When the dilution ratio is 1:4800 and the action time is 5 min, the PHMB teat disinfectant can reduce the four types of bacteria (S. agalactiae ATCC 12386, S. dysgalactiae ATCC 35666, S. aureus ATCC 6538, and E. coli ATCC 8099) by 99.99%. PHMB teat disinfectant applied on the skin of rabbits with four bacteria types achieved an average log10 reduction greater than 4. After 30 s of PHMB teat disinfectant dipping, the bacteria of cow teats were counted prior to disinfection. The mean log10 reduction in bacteria on the skin surface of 12 cows ranged from 0.99 to 3.52 after applying the PHMB teat disinfectant for 10 min. After 12 h, the PHMB teat disinfectant achieved an average log10 reduction in bacteria from 0.27 to 0.68 (compared with that prior to disinfection). These results suggested that PHMB teat disinfection has the potential to prevent and treat mastitis-causing bacteria in dairy herds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Properties, Biosynthesis and Application of Antimicrobial Compounds)
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