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Advances in Salivary and Oral Cavity Diagnostics, Molecular Mechanisms, and Treatment

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 May 2024) | Viewed by 5989

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Big Biomedical Data Research Laboratory, Dean’s Office, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
2. Department of Endodontics, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
3. Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation & Maxillofacial Imaging, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
Interests: big data analysis; oral medicine; associations between systemic and oral conditions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation & Imaging, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
Interests: salivary glands; oral medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The availability of high-throughput technologies has led to significant advances in salivary and oral cavity diagnostics and in our understanding of molecular mechanisms and treatment. In recent decades, oral and salivary diagnostics and treatment have witnessed a transformation from conventional approaches to a more molecular-oriented perspective. This includes multi-omics approaches, including genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, microarray techniques, next-generation sequencing, and other omics technologies. Numerous studies have advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the development of oral and salivary pathologies, elucidating pathways that impact the response to treatment, and facilitating the creation of novel methodologies and treatments for prevention and management.

This open access Special Issue will bring together original research and review articles on advances in salivary and oral cavity diagnostics, molecular mechanisms and treatment. The primary aim is to facilitate the open and collaborative sharing of notable contributions in the realm of oral and salivary diagnostics and treatment, and potentially promote the innovation of novel molecular diagnostic techniques and precision-targeted treatments.

Prof. Dr. Galit Almoznino
Prof. Dr. Doron J Aframian
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • oral cavity diagnostics: biomarkers, screening, diagnosis, treatment response, prognosis
  • salivary diagnostics: salivary cytokines, salivary biomarkers
  • oral cavity and salivary therapy: drug design, targeted therapy, personalized medicine
  • molecular mechanisms and multi-omics in the oral cavity and salivary glands: genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microarray techniques, next-generation sequencing, and other omics technologies

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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16 pages, 5224 KiB  
Article
The Role of Macrophage Efferocytosis in the Pathogenesis of Apical Periodontitis
by Xiaoyue Guan, Yuting Wang, Wenlan Li, Wenli Mu, Yifei Tang, Mingfei Wang, Abdelrahman Seyam, Yao Yang, Lifei Pan and Tiezhou Hou
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(7), 3854; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073854 - 29 Mar 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1537
Abstract
Macrophages (Mφs) play a crucial role in the homeostasis of the periapical immune micro-environment caused by bacterial infection. Mφ efferocytosis has been demonstrated to promote the resolution of multiple infected diseases via accelerating Mφ polarization into M2 type. However, the Mφ efferocytosis–apical periodontitis [...] Read more.
Macrophages (Mφs) play a crucial role in the homeostasis of the periapical immune micro-environment caused by bacterial infection. Mφ efferocytosis has been demonstrated to promote the resolution of multiple infected diseases via accelerating Mφ polarization into M2 type. However, the Mφ efferocytosis–apical periodontitis (AP) relationship has not been elucidated yet. This study aimed to explore the role of Mφ efferocytosis in the pathogenesis of AP. Clinical specimens were collected to determine the involvement of Mφ efferocytosis in the periapical region via immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. For a further understanding of the moderator effect of Mφ efferocytosis in the pathogenesis of AP, both an in vitro AP model and in vivo AP model were treated with ARA290, a Mφ efferocytosis agonist. Histological staining, micro-ct, flow cytometry, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the inflammatory status, alveolar bone loss and related markers in AP models. The data showed that Mφ efferocytosis is observed in the periapical tissues and enhancing the Mφ efferocytosis ability could effectively promote AP resolution via facilitating M2 Mφ polarization. Collectively, our study demonstrates the functional importance of Mφ efferocytosis in AP pathology and highlights that accelerating Mφ efferocytosis via ARA290 could serve as an adjuvant therapeutic strategy for AP. Full article
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Review

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24 pages, 2235 KiB  
Review
Salivary Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
by Kacper Nijakowski, Wojciech Owecki, Jakub Jankowski and Anna Surdacka
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(2), 1168; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021168 - 18 Jan 2024
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3976
Abstract
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease which manifests with progressive cognitive impairment, leading to dementia. Considering the noninvasive collection of saliva, we designed the systematic review to answer the question “Are salivary biomarkers reliable for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease?” [...] Read more.
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease which manifests with progressive cognitive impairment, leading to dementia. Considering the noninvasive collection of saliva, we designed the systematic review to answer the question “Are salivary biomarkers reliable for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease?” Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 studies were included in this systematic review (according to the PRISMA statement guidelines). Potential biomarkers include mainly proteins, metabolites and even miRNAs. Based on meta-analysis, in AD patients, salivary levels of beta-amyloid42 and p-tau levels were significantly increased, and t-tau and lactoferrin were decreased at borderline statistical significance. However, according to pooled AUC, lactoferrin and beta-amyloid42 showed a significant predictive value for salivary-based AD diagnosis. In conclusion, potential markers such as beta-amyloid42, tau and lactoferrin can be detected in the saliva of AD patients, which could reliably support the early diagnosis of this neurodegenerative disease. Full article
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