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Mitochondria-Targeted Approaches in Health and Disease 3.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 2567

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
A.N.Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
Interests: mitochondria; bioenergetics; redox; reactive opxygen species; ATP synthase; respiration; phosphorylation; membranes; kidney; brain; cell death; protection
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mitochondria are one of the most intriguing intracellular elements. Apart from their great contribution to cellular bioenergetics, they perform various unique functions (both synthetic and regulatory). Now, it has become clear that mitochondrial fitness is a prerequisite of a healthy cell. Inherited or acquired mitochondrial dysfunction caused by changes in the genetic, lepidic, and proteinaceous content causing abnormal changes in structure and functions can be detrimental or even fatal for a cell. The intrinsic mechanism of mitochondrial quality control realizes the detection of unfit mitochondria or their elements with their elimination from the cell, ultimately clearing the system of abnormal mitochondrial structures. However, because of intrinsic and extrinsic challenges, this machinery misses mitochondrial defects, yielding the co-existence of normal and abnormal mitochondria within a single cell, which is a main index of diseases and aging. To avoid the unnecessary appearance of an unhealthy mitochondrial population in the cell when intrinsic mechanisms of reparation have partially or completely failed, various approaches have been successfully developed. The goal of the proposed Special Issue, Mitochondria-Targeted Approaches in Health and Disease, is to collect all of the possible methods of intervention into mitochondrial functioning, so as to prevent or repair unwanted changes in mitochondrial structure and function.

Prof. Dr. Dmitry B. Zorov
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • mitochondrial
  • membrane potential
  • DNA
  • ATP synthase
  • quality control
  • mitophagy
  • diseases targeting
  • population analysis
  • death
  • cells
  • signaling
  • reactive oxygen species
  • radicals
  • damage protection
  • structure
  • functions
  • respiratory chain
  • complexes

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 3002 KiB  
Article
The Improvement of Functional State of Brain Mitochondria with Astaxanthin in Rats after Heart Failure
by Yulia Baburina, Roman Krestinin, Dmitry Fedorov, Irina Odinokova, Ekaterina Pershina, Linda Sotnikova and Olga Krestinina
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(1), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010031 - 20 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2152
Abstract
The relationship between neurological damage and cardiovascular disease is often observed. This type of damage is both a cause and an effect of cardiovascular disease. Mitochondria are the key organelles of the cell and are primarily subject to oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dysfunctions are [...] Read more.
The relationship between neurological damage and cardiovascular disease is often observed. This type of damage is both a cause and an effect of cardiovascular disease. Mitochondria are the key organelles of the cell and are primarily subject to oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dysfunctions are involved in the etiology of various diseases. A decrease in the efficiency of the heart muscle can lead to impaired blood flow and decreased oxygen supply to the brain. Astaxanthin (AST), a marine-derived xanthophyll carotenoid, has multiple functions and its effects have been shown in both experimental and clinical studies. We investigated the effects of AST on the functional state of brain mitochondria in rats after heart failure. Isoproterenol (ISO) was used to cause heart failure. In the present study, we found that ISO impaired the functional state of rat brain mitochondria (RBM), while the administration of AST resulted in an improvement in mitochondrial efficiency. The respiratory control index (RCI) in RBM decreased with the use of ISO, while AST administration led to an increase in this parameter. Ca2+ retention capacity (CRC) decreased in RBM isolated from rat brain after ISO injection, and AST enhanced CRC in RBM after heart failure. The study of changes in the content of regulatory proteins such as adenine nucleotide translocase 1 and 2 (ANT1/2), voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC), and cyclophilin D (CyP-D) of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) showed that ISO reduced their level, while AST restored the content of these proteins almost to the control value. In general, AST improves the functional state of mitochondria and can be considered as a prophylactic drug in various therapeutic approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitochondria-Targeted Approaches in Health and Disease 3.0)
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