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Molecular Relationships between Brain and Lung Diseases
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Molecular Relationships between Brain and Lung Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 1719

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sara Manti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Interests: pediatrics; pulmonology; allergy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The brain has numerous connections with several organs and systems. Recent advances have shown the existence of a functional and bidirectional crosstalk between the brain and lungs, which is formed probably due to the presence immune, neuronal, anatomic, and endocrine pathways.

Specifically, the brain regulates the lungs via the neuroanatomical, humoral, immune, and metabolic pathways. Lungs too influence the brain primarily through the humoral, immune, pathogenic microorganisms and metabolic pathways. Because of this interconnection, certain diseases may occur simultaneously in both these systems, or a disease in one of the systems may cause a disease in the other.

Moreover, it is reasonable to hypothesize that there is a involvement of certain parts of the brain in the pathogenesis of lung disease. In light of their pleiotropic role, we strongly believe that further studies are urgently required to investigate the role of potential biomarkers that can specifically reflect the development, occurrence, and progression of the neurologic and pulmonary pathological conditions.

This Special Issue aims to provide an updated overview of the major disorders in the interface between neurology and pulmonology and include interdisciplinary analyses using conceptual research approaches based on physiology and pathophysiology, particularly with a focus on molecular physiology, that can map out the prospects for the lung–brain axis.

We invite authors to submit both original papers and review articles.

This Special Issue is supervised by Dr. Sara Manti and assisted by our Topical Advisory Panel Member Dr. Antonio Nicotera, Dr. Salvatore Leonardi and Dr. Gabriella Di Rosa.

Dr. Sara Manti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • newborns
  • children
  • lung diseases
  • neurodevelopmental disorders

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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15 pages, 5362 KiB  
Article
Nebulized Lipopolysaccharide Causes Delayed Cortical Neuroinflammation in a Murine Model of Acute Lung Injury
by Katharina Ritter, René Rissel, Miriam Renz, Alexander Ziebart, Michael K. E. Schäfer and Jens Kamuf
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(18), 10117; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251810117 - 20 Sep 2024
Viewed by 747
Abstract
Lung injury caused by respiratory infection is a major cause of hospitalization and mortality and a leading origin of sepsis. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy and delirium are frequent complications in patients with severe lung injury, yet the pathogenetic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, 70 female C57BL/6 [...] Read more.
Lung injury caused by respiratory infection is a major cause of hospitalization and mortality and a leading origin of sepsis. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy and delirium are frequent complications in patients with severe lung injury, yet the pathogenetic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, 70 female C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a single full-body-exposure with nebulized lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Neuromotor impairment was assessed repeatedly and brain, blood, and lung samples were analyzed at survival points of 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h after exposure. qRT-PCR revealed increased mRNA-expression of TNFα and IL-1β 24 h and 48 h after LPS-exposure in the lung, concomitantly with increased amounts of proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage and interstitial lung edema. In the cerebral cortex, at 72 h and/or 96 h after LPS exposure, the inflammation- and activity-associated markers TLR4, GFAP, Gadd45b, c-Fos, and Arc were increased. Therefore, single exposure to nebulized LPS not only triggers an early inflammatory reaction in the lung but also induces a delayed neuroinflammatory response. The identified mechanisms provide new insights into the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy and might serve as targets for future therapeutic approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Relationships between Brain and Lung Diseases)
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Review

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22 pages, 809 KiB  
Review
Neuromodulators in Acute and Chronic Cough in Children: An Update from the Literature
by Simone Foti Randazzese, Fabio Toscano, Antonella Gambadauro, Mariarosaria La Rocca, Giulia Altavilla, Mariagrazia Carlino, Lucia Caminiti, Paolo Ruggeri and Sara Manti
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(20), 11229; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252011229 - 18 Oct 2024
Viewed by 577
Abstract
Cough is one of the most common reasons leading to pediatric consultations, negatively impacting the quality of life of patients and caregivers. It is defined as a sudden and forceful expulsion of air from the lungs through the mouth, typically triggered by irritation [...] Read more.
Cough is one of the most common reasons leading to pediatric consultations, negatively impacting the quality of life of patients and caregivers. It is defined as a sudden and forceful expulsion of air from the lungs through the mouth, typically triggered by irritation or the stimulation of sensory nerves in the respiratory tract. This reflex is controlled by a neural pathway that includes sensory receptors, afferent nerves, the brainstem’s cough center, efferent nerves, and the muscles involved in coughing. Based on its duration, cough in children may be classified as acute, lasting less than four weeks, and chronic, persisting for more than four weeks. Neuromodulators have shown promise in reducing the frequency and severity of cough by modulating the neural pathways involved in the cough reflex, although they require careful monitoring and patient selection to optimize the outcomes. This review aims to examine the rationale for using neuromodulators in the management of cough in children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Relationships between Brain and Lung Diseases)
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