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Anemia and Iron Metabolism: Laboratory Diagnosis, Novel Biomarkers and Environmental Influence

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2025 | Viewed by 1214

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Pediatric Hematology Unit and Research Laboratory, Emek Medical Center, Afula 1834111, Israel
Interests: anemia; hemoglobinopathies; thrombophilia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Pediatric Hematology Unit and Research Laboratory, Emek Medical Center, Afula 1834111, Israel
Interests: anemia; hemoglobinopathies; congenital hematologic disorders; bone marrow failure

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Anemia is one of the most common signs found in clinical practice. In a vast majority of the cases, anemia is not caused by a hematology specific disorder, but is secondary to diverse systemic diseases, including the anemia of chronic diseases. Anemia related to specific hematology disorders can be acquired or congenital.

Normal iron metabolism is crucial for the development of the hemoglobin molecule and as a result, any disorder that affects this metabolism can be linked to the etiology of anemia, in chronic systemic diseases and in congenital or acquired diseases. Iron metabolism abnormalities can cause iron deficiency or iron overload. The molecules that are known to be crucial in maintaining normal iron metabolism are ferroportin and hemojuvelin that control iron absorption, transferrin, iron transporters, soluble transferrin receptors that allow iron incorporation into the cells, ferritin, the main molecule that allows iron storage, hepcidin, a regulator of iron availability and erythroferrone that regulate hepcidin activity. The focus of this Special Issue is research regarding the activity of all those molecules and others that can be the goal of future research. We will welcome laboratory and basic research studies, or reviews that provide significant new information on the pathophysiology of anemia and iron metabolism and possible future treatment approaches.

This Special Issue is supervised by Prof. Dr. Ariel Koren and Dr. Carina Levin, and assisted by our Topical Advisory Panel Member Dr. Giusi Ianiro (University of Molise).

Prof. Dr. Ariel Koren
Dr. Carina Levin
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • anemia
  • iron metabolism
  • anemia of chronic diseases
  • iron deficiency
  • congenital anemias
  • hemoglobinopathies
  • iron overload

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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13 pages, 428 KiB  
Brief Report
Support Vector Machine-Based Formula for Detecting Suspected α Thalassemia Carriers: A Path toward Universal Screening
by Idit Lachover-Roth, Sari Peretz, Hiba Zoabi, Eitam Harel, Leonid Livshits, Dvora Filon, Carina Levin and Ariel Koren
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(12), 6446; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126446 - 11 Jun 2024
Viewed by 779
Abstract
The blood counts of α thalassemia carriers (α-thal) are similar to those of β thalassemia carriers, except for Hemoglobin A2 (Hb A2), which is not elevated. The objective of this study was to determine whether mathematical formulas are effective for [...] Read more.
The blood counts of α thalassemia carriers (α-thal) are similar to those of β thalassemia carriers, except for Hemoglobin A2 (Hb A2), which is not elevated. The objective of this study was to determine whether mathematical formulas are effective for detecting suspected α-thal. The data were obtained from the database of the prevention program for detecting couples at risk for having a child with hemoglobinopathy. Red Blood Cells (RBC) indices were analyzed using mathematical formulas, and the sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. Among 1334 blood counts suspected of α-thal analyzed, only the Shine and Lal and the Support Vector Machine formulas revealed high sensitivity and NPV. Sensitivity was 85.54 and 99.33%, and NPV was 98.93 and 99.93%, respectively. Molecular defects were found in 291, and 81 had normal α genes. Molecular analysis was not performed in 962 of the samples. Based on these results, mathematical formulas incorporating one of these reliable formulas for detecting suspected α or β thalassemia carriers in the program of the automatic analyzers can flag these results, increase the awareness of the primary physicians about the carrier risk, and send an alert with a recommendation for further testing. Full article
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