Recent Advances in T Cell Biology
A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 4153
Special Issue Editor
Interests: pathology; hemathology; immunology; immunoncology; oncology; gynecological oncology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Immunoncology is the innovative sub-branch of oncology based on the use of modern immunotherapies in the fight against cancer; in practice, it consists in the stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer, by exploiting the innate immune surveillance and by boosting the body’s antitumor defenses. Immunotherapies can be categorized as active or passive: active immunotherapy directly targets neoplastic cells via the immune system, for example by adoptive T cells transfer or Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells or monoclonal antibodies, while passive immunotherapy indirectly enhances the natural ability of the immune system to attack cancer (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors and cytokines). The main concept behind CAR-T immunotherapy is the engineering of T lymphocytes, in order to more effectively recognize, target and destroy cancer cells. To date the best results have been obtained in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by tisagenlecleucel, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma by axicabtagene ciloleucel and lisocabtagene maraleucel, mantle cell lymphoma by brexucabtagene autoleucel, and multiple myeloma by ciltacabtagene autoleucel and idecabtagene vicleucel; however, solid malignancies have shown low response rates due to the difficulty of CAR-T cells to be efficiently trafficked into the neoplastic core, and for the presence of hostile tumor microenvironments. Moreover, identification of key antigens has been challenging, since they must be highly expressed on the majority of cancer cells, but almost absent in normal tissues. Aim of this Special Issue is to illustrate all recent advances in T cells biology, including Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs), with particular emphasis on those advancements that increase the efficacy and delivery of CAR-T cells in solid malignancies, avoiding at the same time their possible side effects, such as neurotoxicity and cytokine release syndrome. The Special Issue is mainly addressed to pathologists, hematologists, oncologists, immunologists, surgeons, biologists, biotechnologists, bioengineers, pharmacologists, and chemists.
Dr. Luca Roncati
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- solid cancer
- liquid cancer
- cancer immunotherapy
- Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs)
- T cells
- T cells biology
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells
- CAR-T therapy
- adoptive T cells transfer
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