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Oral Microbiome and Oral Diseases: 2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 5278

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy
Interests: oral medicine; biomaterials; nutrition; oral health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

One of the most crucial discoveries of this century is represented through scientific findings pertaining to the role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Research on this topic has introduced new perspectives, enabling the better understanding and management of systemic diseases, including dental diseases. In dentistry, the most important factor is related to the link between the oral microbiome and periodontal disease; moreover, many oral diseases require further investigation to elucidate their roles in determining the health or pathological status of an individual. The consequences of such research clearly correlate with the possibility of modulating the microbiome, and implementing disease management and prevention, with potential benefits for both oral and systemic health. Such progress exists in the context of personalized, multidisciplinary therapy.

Submissions will be pivotal in identifying and proposing new treatments and preventive strategies based on the rationale of modulating the microbiome.

This Special Issue will include published papers on the microbiome with a particular focus on oral health and diseases.

Dr. Elena Varoni
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • microbiome
  • periodontal diseases
  • oral diseases
  • caries
  • systemic health
  • oral health
  • tooth decay
  • gingival bleeding
  • gingivitis
  • periodontitis
  • oral mucosal disease
  • mouth ulcers
  • oral tumor
  • oral lichen planus
  • burning mouth syndrome

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3248 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Oral and Gut Microbiome Composition and Its Impact in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
by Kensaku Matsui, Ryouji Tani, Sachiko Yamasaki, Nanako Ito, Atsuko Hamada, Tomoaki Shintani, Takeshi Otomo, Koichiro Tokumaru, Souichi Yanamoto and Tetsuji Okamoto
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(11), 6077; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25116077 - 31 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1099
Abstract
The impact of gut and oral microbiota on the clinical outcomes of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is unknown. We compared the bacterial composition of dental plaque and feces between patients with OSCC and healthy controls (HCs). Fecal and dental plaque [...] Read more.
The impact of gut and oral microbiota on the clinical outcomes of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is unknown. We compared the bacterial composition of dental plaque and feces between patients with OSCC and healthy controls (HCs). Fecal and dental plaque samples were collected from 7 HCs and 18 patients with OSCC before treatment initiation. Terminal restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis of 16S rRNA genes was performed. Differences in bacterial diversity between the HC and OSCC groups were examined. We compared the occupancy of each bacterial species in samples taken from patients with OSCC and HCs and analyzed the correlation between PD-L1 expression in the tumor specimens and the occupancy of each bacterial species. The gut and oral microbiota of patients with OSCC were more varied than those of HCs. Porphyromonas and Prevotella were significantly more abundant in patients with OSCC than in HCs. The abundance of Clostridium subcluster XIVa in the gut microbiota of the PD-L1-positive group was significantly greater than that in the PD-L1-negative group. The oral and gut microbiomes of patients with OSCC were in a state of dysbiosis. Our results suggest the possibility of new cancer therapies targeting these disease-specific microbiomes using probiotics and synbiotics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Microbiome and Oral Diseases: 2nd Edition)
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Review

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21 pages, 1050 KiB  
Review
About a Possible Impact of Endodontic Infections by Fusobacterium nucleatum or Porphyromonas gingivalis on Oral Carcinogenesis: A Literature Overview
by Luca Ciani, Antonio Libonati, Maria Dri, Silvia Pomella, Vincenzo Campanella and Giovanni Barillari
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5083; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105083 - 7 May 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1424
Abstract
Periodontitis is linked to the onset and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), an epidemiologically frequent and clinically aggressive malignancy. In this context, Fusobacterium (F.) nucleatum and Porphyromonas (P.) gingivalis, two bacteria that cause periodontitis, are found in OSCC tissues as [...] Read more.
Periodontitis is linked to the onset and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), an epidemiologically frequent and clinically aggressive malignancy. In this context, Fusobacterium (F.) nucleatum and Porphyromonas (P.) gingivalis, two bacteria that cause periodontitis, are found in OSCC tissues as well as in oral premalignant lesions, where they exert pro-tumorigenic activities. Since the two bacteria are present also in endodontic diseases, playing a role in their pathogenesis, here we analyze the literature searching for information on the impact that endodontic infection by P. gingivalis or F. nucleatum could have on cellular and molecular events involved in oral carcinogenesis. Results from the reviewed papers indicate that infection by P. gingivalis and/or F. nucleatum triggers the production of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in dental pulp cells or periodontal cells, affecting the survival, proliferation, invasion, and differentiation of OSCC cells. In addition, the two bacteria and the cytokines they induce halt the differentiation and stimulate the proliferation and invasion of stem cells populating the dental pulp or the periodontium. Although most of the literature confutes the possibility that bacteria-induced endodontic inflammatory diseases could impact on oral carcinogenesis, the papers we have analyzed and discussed herein recommend further investigations on this topic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Microbiome and Oral Diseases: 2nd Edition)
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24 pages, 4985 KiB  
Review
How Can Imbalance in Oral Microbiota and Immune Response Lead to Dental Implant Problems?
by Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah, Paulina Mertowska, Sebastian Mertowski, Julia Skiba, Karol Krawiec, Michał Łobacz and Ewelina Grywalska
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(24), 17620; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417620 - 18 Dec 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1817
Abstract
Dental implantology is one of the most dynamically developing fields of dentistry, which, despite developing clinical knowledge and new technologies, is still associated with many complications that may lead to the loss of the implant or the development of the disease, including peri-implantitis. [...] Read more.
Dental implantology is one of the most dynamically developing fields of dentistry, which, despite developing clinical knowledge and new technologies, is still associated with many complications that may lead to the loss of the implant or the development of the disease, including peri-implantitis. One of the reasons for this condition may be the fact that dental implants cannot yield a proper osseointegration process due to the development of oral microbiota dysbiosis and the accompanying inflammation caused by immunological imbalance. This study aims to present current knowledge as to the impact of oral microflora dysbiosis and deregulation of the immune system on the course of failures observed in dental implantology. Evidence points to a strong correlation between these biological disturbances and implant complications, often stemming from improper osseointegration, pathogenic biofilms on implants, as well as an exacerbated inflammatory response. Technological enhancements in implant design may mitigate pathogen colonization and inflammation, underscoring implant success rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Microbiome and Oral Diseases: 2nd Edition)
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