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Neuroprotective Effects of Food Ingredients

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 1621

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, are a group of diseases characterized by the progressive loss of neurons from different regions of the brain, causing progressive cognitive impairment, mental deterioration and degeneration of brain tissue. Neurodegenerative disorders share some molecular and cellular characteristics, such as a multifactorial character, related to oxidative stress and free radical formation, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, etc. Presently, there are no therapeutic approaches to cure or even halt the progression of these disorders. On the other hand, external factors related to lifestyle, such as diet, have been postulated as preventive factors in neurodegeneration; in this regard, bioactive food ingredients, such as terpenoids, lipids, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, polysaccharides, peptides, etc., may interfere with different molecular mechanisms related to the progression of such diseases, considering their important associated biological activities. Although huge efforts have been focused on finding new possible therapeutics’ treatments, there is still a long way to go before we completely understand the molecular action of dietary compounds or food ingredients in the prevention of neurodegenerative disorders.

In this Special Issue, we invite researchers to contribute original research articles, as well as review articles, regarding the biological effect of food ingredients and bioactives from agri-food by-products in the prevention of neurodegeneration.

Topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Studies (in vitro, in vivo, animal, pre-clinical, clinical) regarding the effect of food ingredients and bioactive compounds from agri-food by-products in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases;
  • The role of food ingredients and bioactive compounds from agri-food by-products against oxidative stress in neurodegeneration;
  • The role of food ingredients and bioactive compounds from agri-food by-products against inflammation in neurodegeneration;
  • The development of new food ingredients targeting multifactorial neurodegeneration;
  • Transformation of food ingredients during digestion and its effects on counteracting neurodegeneration;
  • New mechanisms of food ingredients and bioactive compounds from agri-food by-products in crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB);
  • Omics approaches including foodomics for neuroprotection studies.

Prof. Dr. Elena Ibáñez
Prof. Dr. Alejandro Cifuentes
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • neuroprotection
  • Parkinson
  • Alzheimer
  • bioactive compounds
  • agri-food by-products
  • chemical characterization
  • foodomics
  • metabolomics
  • molecular mechanisms

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 5090 KiB  
Article
Polysaccharides from Basella alba Protect Post-Mitotic Neurons against Cell Cycle Re-Entry and Apoptosis Induced by the Amyloid-Beta Peptide by Blocking Sonic Hedgehog Expression
by Bo-Yu Hou, Ming-Hsuan Wu, Hui-Yu Hsu, Yi-Chun Lin and Ding-I Yang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7316; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137316 - 3 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1183
Abstract
The amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) is the neurotoxic component in senile plaques of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains. Previously we have reported that Aβ toxicity is mediated by the induction of sonic hedgehog (SHH) to trigger cell cycle re-entry (CCR) and apoptosis in post-mitotic neurons. [...] Read more.
The amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) is the neurotoxic component in senile plaques of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains. Previously we have reported that Aβ toxicity is mediated by the induction of sonic hedgehog (SHH) to trigger cell cycle re-entry (CCR) and apoptosis in post-mitotic neurons. Basella alba is a vegetable whose polysaccharides carry immunomodulatory and anti-cancer actions, but their protective effects against neurodegeneration have never been reported. Herein, we tested whether polysaccharides derived from Basella alba (PPV-6) may inhibit Aβ toxicity and explored its underlying mechanisms. In differentiated rat cortical neurons, Aβ25-35 reduced cell viability, damaged neuronal structure, and compromised mitochondrial bioenergetic functions, all of which were recovered by PPV-6. Immunocytochemistry and western blotting revealed that Aβ25-35-mediated induction of cell cycle markers including cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and histone H3 phosphorylated at Ser-10 (p-Histone H3) in differentiated neurons was all suppressed by PPV-6, along with mitigation of caspase-3 cleavage. Further studies revealed that PPV-6 inhibited Aβ25-35 induction of SHH; indeed, PPV-6 was capable of suppressing neuronal CCR and apoptosis triggered by the exogenous N-terminal fragment of sonic hedgehog (SHH-N). Our findings demonstrated that, in the fully differentiated neurons, PPV-6 exerts protective actions against Aβ neurotoxicity via the downregulation of SHH to suppress neuronal CCR and apoptosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neuroprotective Effects of Food Ingredients)
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