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Inorganics
Special Issues
Mesoporous Materials
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Mesoporous Materials

A special issue of Inorganics (ISSN 2304-6740). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Solid-State Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2016) | Viewed by 46489

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Samuel Bernard

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Guest Editor
Institute of Research on Ceramics (IRCER, UMR CNRS 7315), European Ceramic Center, Limoges, France
Interests: precursor chemistry and processing; preceramic polymers; polymer-derived ceramics; porous components; nanocomposites; fibers and matrices
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. André Ayral

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Guest Editor
IEM (Institut Europeen des Membranes), UMR 5635 (CNRS-ENSCM-UM), Universite de Montpellier, Place E. Bataillon, F- 34095 Montpellier, France
Interests: soft chemistry routes; oxide ceramics; hybrid materials; thin films; membranes; porosity tailoring; porosity characterization
Prof. Dr. Philippe Miele

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Directeur de l'Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM - UMR5635 ENSCM, UM, CNRS), Universite de Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, France
Interests: boron nitride; fibers; nanotubes; nanostructured ceramics; porous ceramics; hierarchical materials; molecular an polymeric precursors of non-oxide ceramics; borazine; borazine-based preceramic polymers; boron-based materials for hydrogen storage
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Materials with porous features at the nano-scale have important applications in optics, electrical insulation, thermal insulation, catalysis, sorption, membrane separation, bio-separation, cosmetics, drug delivery systems, diagnostics, and related nanotechnology. Most porous materials fall under three major categories: microporous, mesoporous and macroporous. Mesoporous materials (IUPAC definition: pore size 2–50 nm) may be prepared using various synthetic routes, with various macroscopic morphologies (e.g., powders, spherules, fibers, thin films and monoliths). The diverse properties of mesoporous materials originate from the ability to control the sizes and periodic ordering of the mesochannels and macroscopic morphology, while also tailoring the inorganic framework and internal pore surface or channel compositions to influence macroscopic adsorption, reaction, transport, photo-response, or other properties.

This Special Issue aims to provide a range of comprehensive reviews and research articles on advances in the synthesis (exo-templating, endo-templating approaches, etc.), functionalization/modification (by organic species, etc.) and application of mesoporous inorganic materials, including oxide and non-oxide-types with different architectures (ordered, disordered, hierarchical) and morphologies (from powders to monoliths).

Dr. Samuel Bernard
Prof. Dr. André Ayral
Prof. Dr. Philippe Miele
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Inorganics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sol-gel
  • polymer-derived ceramics
  • hybrids; silicate
  • metal oxide
  • nitride; carbide
  • mesoporous
  • ordered
  • hierarchical
  • powders
  • spherules
  • fibers
  • thin films
  • monoliths

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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22448 KiB  
Article
Hydrothermal Treatment of Tannin: A Route to Porous Metal Oxides and Metal/Carbon Hybrid Materials
by Flavia L. Braghiroli, Vanessa Fierro, Andrzej Szczurek, Philippe Gadonneix, Jaafar Ghanbaja, Julien Parmentier, Ghouti Medjahdi and Alain Celzard
Inorganics 2017, 5(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics5010007 - 24 Jan 2017
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 7812
Abstract
In the present paper, porous materials were prepared from the hydrothermal treatment of aqueous solutions of tannin, a renewable phenolic resource extracted from tree barks, containing dissolved salts of transition metals: V, Cr, Ni and Fe. Hydrothermal treatment produced carbonaceous particles doped with [...] Read more.
In the present paper, porous materials were prepared from the hydrothermal treatment of aqueous solutions of tannin, a renewable phenolic resource extracted from tree barks, containing dissolved salts of transition metals: V, Cr, Ni and Fe. Hydrothermal treatment produced carbonaceous particles doped with the aforementioned metals, and such materials were treated according to two different routes: (i) calcination in air in order to burn the carbon and to recover porous oxides; (ii) pyrolysis in inert atmosphere so as to recover porous metal/carbon hybrid materials. The nature of the metal salt was found to have a dramatic impact on the structure of the materials recovered by the first route, leading either to nano-powders (V, Cr) or to hollow microspheres (Ni, Fe). The second route was only investigated with iron, leading to magnetic Fe-loaded micro/mesoporous carbons whose texture, pore volumes and surface areas gradually changed with the iron content. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mesoporous Materials)
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3406 KiB  
Article
Mesoporous C/CrN and C/VN Nanocomposites Obtained by One-Pot Soft-Templating Process
by Julien Kiener, Ovidiu Ersen and Julien Parmentier
Inorganics 2016, 4(3), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics4030022 - 15 Jul 2016
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4745
Abstract
Nanocomposites of ordered mesoporous carbon associated with chromium nitride (CrN) or vanadium nitride (VN) nanoparticles were obtained by a simple one-pot synthesis based on the solvent evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) process using Pluronic triblock surfactant as soft-template and a phenol-based resin (resol) as [...] Read more.
Nanocomposites of ordered mesoporous carbon associated with chromium nitride (CrN) or vanadium nitride (VN) nanoparticles were obtained by a simple one-pot synthesis based on the solvent evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) process using Pluronic triblock surfactant as soft-template and a phenol-based resin (resol) as carbon precursor. These nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen physisorption and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) techniques. Electron tomography (or 3D-TEM) technique was particularly useful for providing direct insight on the internal architecture of C/CrN nanocomposite. Nanocomposites showed a very well organized hexagonal mesoporous carbon structure and a relatively high concentration of nanoparticles well distributed in the porous network. The chromium and vanadium nitrides/mesoporous carbon nanocomposites could have many potential applications in catalysis, Li-ion batteries, and supercapacitors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mesoporous Materials)
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8131 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Textural Characterization of Mesoporous and Meso-/Macroporous Silica Monoliths Obtained by Spinodal Decomposition
by Anne Galarneau, Zakaria Abid, Bilel Said, Youcef Didi, Katarzyna Szymanska, Andrzej Jarzębski, Franck Tancret, Hadj Hamaizi, Abdelkader Bengueddach, Francesco Di Renzo and Francois Fajula
Inorganics 2016, 4(2), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics4020009 - 18 Apr 2016
Cited by 52 | Viewed by 9713
Abstract
Silica monoliths featuring either mesopores or flow-through macropores and mesopores in their skeleton are prepared by combining spinodal phase separation and sol-gel condensation. The macroporous network is first generated by phase separation in acidic medium in the presence of polyethyleneoxides while mesoporosity is [...] Read more.
Silica monoliths featuring either mesopores or flow-through macropores and mesopores in their skeleton are prepared by combining spinodal phase separation and sol-gel condensation. The macroporous network is first generated by phase separation in acidic medium in the presence of polyethyleneoxides while mesoporosity is engineered in a second step in alkaline medium, possibly in the presence of alkylammonium cations as surfactants. The mesoporous monoliths, also referred as aerogels, are obtained in the presence of alkylpolyethylene oxides in acidic medium without the use of supercritical drying. The impact of the experimental conditions on pore architecture of the monoliths regarding the shape, the ordering, the size and the connectivity of the mesopores is comprehensively discussed based on a critical appraisal of the different models used for textural analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mesoporous Materials)
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6844 KiB  
Article
A Reliable Method for the Preparation of Multiporous Alumina Monoliths by Ice-Templating
by Jérémy Dhainaut, Sylvain Deville, Idris Amirouche and Michaela Klotz
Inorganics 2016, 4(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics4010006 - 11 Mar 2016
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 6571
Abstract
Alumina supports presenting a bimodal porosity are generally advantageous for the conversion of bulky molecules such as found in biomass, refining, and petrochemistry. However, shaping of such materials, while controlling pores size and orientation, proves to be hard. This problem can be tackled [...] Read more.
Alumina supports presenting a bimodal porosity are generally advantageous for the conversion of bulky molecules such as found in biomass, refining, and petrochemistry. However, shaping of such materials, while controlling pores size and orientation, proves to be hard. This problem can be tackled by using a simple method involving sol-gel chemistry, surfactant self-assembly, and ice-templating. Herein, a systematic study of the formulation and process parameters’ influence on the final material properties is presented. This protocol results in the repeatable preparation of centimeter-sized alumina monoliths presenting a uni-directional macroporosity and structured mesopores. These monoliths should be of particular interest in high flow rate catalytic applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mesoporous Materials)
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2354 KiB  
Article
Formation of Micro and Mesoporous Amorphous Silica-Based Materials from Single Source Precursors
by Mohd Nazri Mohd Sokri, Yusuke Daiko, Zineb Mouline, Sawao Honda and Yuji Iwamoto
Inorganics 2016, 4(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics4010005 - 9 Mar 2016
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 6034
Abstract
Polysilazanes functionalized with alkoxy groups were designed and synthesized as single source precursors for fabrication of micro and mesoporous amorphous silica-based materials. The pyrolytic behaviors during the polymer to ceramic conversion were studied by the simultaneous thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS) analysis. The porosity of [...] Read more.
Polysilazanes functionalized with alkoxy groups were designed and synthesized as single source precursors for fabrication of micro and mesoporous amorphous silica-based materials. The pyrolytic behaviors during the polymer to ceramic conversion were studied by the simultaneous thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS) analysis. The porosity of the resulting ceramics was characterized by the N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm measurements. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopic analyses as well as elemental composition analysis were performed on the polymer-derived amorphous silica-based materials, and the role of the alkoxy group as a sacrificial template for the micro and mesopore formations was discussed from a viewpoint to establish novel micro and mesoporous structure controlling technologies through the polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) route. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mesoporous Materials)
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Review

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5217 KiB  
Review
Synthesis and Catalytic Applications of Non-Metal Doped Mesoporous Titania
by Syed Z. Islam, Suraj Nagpure, Doo Young Kim and Stephen E. Rankin
Inorganics 2017, 5(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics5010015 - 11 Mar 2017
Cited by 84 | Viewed by 10634
Abstract
Mesoporous titania (mp-TiO2) has drawn tremendous attention for a diverse set of applications due to its high surface area, interfacial structure, and tunable combination of pore size, pore orientation, wall thickness, and pore connectivity. Its pore structure facilitates rapid diffusion of [...] Read more.
Mesoporous titania (mp-TiO2) has drawn tremendous attention for a diverse set of applications due to its high surface area, interfacial structure, and tunable combination of pore size, pore orientation, wall thickness, and pore connectivity. Its pore structure facilitates rapid diffusion of reactants and charge carriers to the photocatalytically active interface of TiO2. However, because the large band gap of TiO2 limits its ability to utilize visible light, non-metal doping has been extensively studied to tune the energy levels of TiO2. While first-principles calculations support the efficacy of this approach, it is challenging to efficiently introduce active non-metal dopants into the lattice of TiO2. This review surveys recent advances in the preparation of mp-TiO2 and their doping with non-metal atoms. Different doping strategies and dopant sources are discussed. Further, co-doping with combinations of non-metal dopants are discussed as strategies to reduce the band gap, improve photogenerated charge separation, and enhance visible light absorption. The improvements resulting from each doping strategy are discussed in light of potential changes in mesoporous architecture, dopant composition and chemical state, extent of band gap reduction, and improvement in photocatalytic activities. Finally, potential applications of non-metal-doped mp-TiO2 are explored in water splitting, CO2 reduction, and environmental remediation with visible light. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mesoporous Materials)
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