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Endocrine Tumors: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management
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Endocrine Tumors: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology & Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 2777

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jules T. Zhang-Yin

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Guest Editor
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinique Sud Luxembourg, Vivalia, B-6700 Arlon, Belgium
Interests: radiation therapy; nuclear medicine; cancer treatment
Dr. Francesco Dondi

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Guest Editor
Nuclear Medicine Department of Asst Spedali Civili Di Brescia, Università Degli Studi Di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
Interests: PET/CT; oncology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Emmanouil Panagiotidis

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Guest Editor
Cancer Hospital of Thessaloniki ‘Theagenio’, 54639 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: PET/CT; radionuclide therapy; nuclear cardiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive platform for researchers, clinicians, and experts in the field of endocrinology to share their latest findings and advancements in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of endocrine tumors.

The Special Issue welcomes original research articles, reviews, and clinical studies that focus on various aspects of endocrine tumors, including but not limited to diagnostic techniques, therapeutic approaches, and long-term management strategies. We encourage submissions that highlight novel insights, innovative methodologies, and significant contributions to the understanding and treatment of endocrine tumors.

Please note that this Special Issue will not consider mini-reviews or case reports. Instead, we aim to publish high-quality articles that present substantial research outcomes, critical analyses, and evidence-based recommendations. All submissions will undergo a rigorous peer-review process to ensure scientific rigor and integrity.

We invite researchers and experts in the field to contribute their valuable work to this Special Issue. By bringing together diverse perspectives and cutting-edge research, we aim to foster collaboration and advance knowledge in the field of endocrine tumor research.

Dr. Jules T. Zhang-Yin
Dr. Francesco Dondi
Dr. Emmanouil Panagiotidis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • neuroendocrine tumors
  • thyroid cancer
  • adrenal gland tumors
  • pituitary adenomas
  • parathyroid tumors
  • pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
  • surgical management
  • radiotherapy

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 254 KiB  
Article
Acromegaly: The Relationship between Hemodynamic Profiles Assessed via Impedance Cardiography and Left Ventricular Systolic Function Assessed via Echocardiography
by Agnieszka Włochacz, Paweł Krzesiński, Beata Uziębło-Życzkowska, Przemysław Witek, Grzegorz Zieliński, Anna Kazimierczak, Robert Wierzbowski, Małgorzata Banak and Grzegorz Gielerak
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(18), 5630; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13185630 - 23 Sep 2024
Viewed by 583
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Acromegaly-induced prolonged exposure to growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 may have significant cardiovascular effects. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between hemodynamic parameters measured via impedance cardiography (ICG) and parameters of systolic left ventricular function [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Acromegaly-induced prolonged exposure to growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 may have significant cardiovascular effects. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between hemodynamic parameters measured via impedance cardiography (ICG) and parameters of systolic left ventricular function measured via echocardiography in patients with acromegaly. Methods: The observational cohort study included 33 patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly, with a mean age of 47 years and without significant comorbidities. Correlation analysis (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient R) was performed on parameters obtained by ICG and left ventricular systolic function parameters obtained by echocardiography. ICG assessment included indices of (1) cardiac function as a pump: stroke volume index (SI), cardiac index (CI), Heather index (HI), velocity index (VI), and acceleration index (ACI); (2) afterload: systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) and total arterial compliance index (TACI); and (3) thoracic fluid content (TFC). Echocardiographic examinations evaluated left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and global longitudinal strain (GLS). Results: A lower LVEF was associated with a lower SI (R = 0.38; p = 0.03) and a higher SVRI (R = −0.35; p = 0.046), whereas lower GLS was associated with lower SI (R = 0.43; p = 0.02), CI (R = 0.62; p < 0.001), VI (R = 0.59; p < 0.001), ACI (R = 0.38; p = 0.048), HI (R = 0.59; p < 0.001), and TACI (R = 0.50; p = 0.006) and a higher SVRI (R = −0.59; p < 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between either LVEF or GLS and TFC. Conclusions: In patients with acromegaly, poorer echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular systolic function are associated with impaired function of the heart as a pump and higher afterload as assessed via ICG. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endocrine Tumors: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management)
21 pages, 2171 KiB  
Article
The Clinicopathological Characteristics and Surgical Treatment of Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasm—A 10-Year Single-Center Experience
by Michał Serafin, Beata Jabłońska, Emila Senderek, Karolina Majewska and Sławomir Mrowiec
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(16), 4892; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164892 - 19 Aug 2024
Viewed by 717
Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (GI-NENs) represent a diverse group of tumors, with surgical resection being the gold standard for treatment. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 63 patients (32 women, 31 men) who underwent surgery for GI-NENs at the Department [...] Read more.
Background: Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (GI-NENs) represent a diverse group of tumors, with surgical resection being the gold standard for treatment. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 63 patients (32 women, 31 men) who underwent surgery for GI-NENs at the Department of Digestive Tract Surgery from January 2013 to June 2023. Tumors were classified by stage (localized, regionally advanced, metastatic). Results: Clinical symptoms were reported by 42 (66.7%) patients, with abdominal pain being the most common symptom, affecting 28 (44.4%) patients. The majority of tumors (44, 69.8%) originated in the midgut. The most frequently performed surgery was right hemicolectomy, carried out on 33 (52.4%) patients. Radical tumor resection was performed in 35 (55.6%) patients. Postoperative complications occurred in 12 (19%) patients, with male gender identified as an independent predictive factor for complications (p = 0.04). Non-functioning tumors were more common (33, 52.4%), and most tumors were classified as grade 1 histopathologically (49, 77.8%). Distant metastases were present in 29 (46%) patients. The overall two-year survival rate was 94.9%, with a five-year survival rate also estimated at 94.9%. Conclusions: GI-NENs are often diagnosed at advanced stages, frequently with distant or lymph node metastases, and predominantly arise in the midgut. Despite low postoperative morbidity and mortality, male gender may be a predictor of postoperative complications. Overall, the prognosis for GI-NENs is favorable, reflected in high overall survival rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endocrine Tumors: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management)
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Review

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19 pages, 1426 KiB  
Review
The Role of Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in the Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Current Applications and Future Perspectives
by Emmanouil Panagiotidis and Jules Tianyu Zhang-Yin
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(22), 6918; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13226918 - 17 Nov 2024
Viewed by 339
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), comprising papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma, is the most common thyroid malignancy and typically has a favourable prognosis when detected early. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has emerged as a valuable imaging modality, integrating metabolic and anatomical data. Although [...] Read more.
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), comprising papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma, is the most common thyroid malignancy and typically has a favourable prognosis when detected early. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has emerged as a valuable imaging modality, integrating metabolic and anatomical data. Although PET/CT is not usually part of the initial diagnostic process due to DTC’s indolent nature and low metabolic activity, it plays an essential role in selected clinical scenarios. This includes identifying recurrence in patients with elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) levels and negative radioactive iodine (RAI) scans, evaluating metastatic disease, and guiding treatment in advanced cases. As the use of PET/CT evolves in oncology, this review explores its application in regard to staging, detection of recurrence, and follow-up in terms of managing DTC while also evaluating potential challenges that may occur in the future. The review also considers emerging radiotracers and the theragnostic potential of PET/CT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endocrine Tumors: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management)
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20 pages, 509 KiB  
Review
Aggressive Types of Malignant Thyroid Neoplasms
by Maria Boudina, Eleana Zisimopoulou, Persefoni Xirou and Alexandra Chrisoulidou
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(20), 6119; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206119 - 14 Oct 2024
Viewed by 612
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) includes many subtypes, which demonstrate favorable to aggressive behavior. During the past decades, efforts have been made to describe aggressive thyroid cancers. Within DTC, aggressive variants constitute rare entities with unique histopathological features and compromised survival, as local and [...] Read more.
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) includes many subtypes, which demonstrate favorable to aggressive behavior. During the past decades, efforts have been made to describe aggressive thyroid cancers. Within DTC, aggressive variants constitute rare entities with unique histopathological features and compromised survival, as local and distant metastatic disease is frequent. In recent years, the distinct category of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer was introduced in 2004 and the type of differentiated high-grade thyroid carcinoma was recently added in the 2022 WHO classification of thyroid neoplasms. Finally, anaplastic thyroid cancer exhibits a rapid, resistant to therapy, progression and confers the shortest survival. In this review, we will present the characteristics of these thyroid cancer types and also discuss the treatment, management, and follow-up of these difficult cases. Emphasis was given to recent bibliography of the last decade. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endocrine Tumors: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management)
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