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More than Skin Deep—Latest Advances in Congenital and Autoimmune Pigmentation...
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More than Skin Deep—Latest Advances in Congenital and Autoimmune Pigmentation Disorders

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Dermatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 2936

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Reinhart M. Speeckaert

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
Interests: dermatology; melanoma; vitiligo
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Congenital and autoimmune pigmentation disorders are frequent skin problems that have a large differential diagnosis and often challenging treatment options. Congenital disorders, such as albinism and piebaldism, result from mutations in genes involved in the production, storage, and transport of melanin, the primary pigment in the skin. Autoimmune pigmentation disorders, like vitiligo, involve the immune system attacking melanocytes resulting in skin depigmentation developing on any part of the body. Vitiligo can start at any age and is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, and autoimmune factors.

This Special Issue will feature comprehensive reviews and original research articles that describe the different clinical presentations that reveal diagnostic clues for clinical practice. Contributions may also discuss novel therapeutic strategies ranging from topical agents to advanced targeted treatments that focus on specific pathways involved in pigment production and homeostasis. Moreover, this Special Issue will delve into the psychosocial aspects of pigmentation disorders, addressing the quality-of-life concerns and the psychological burden on patients.

Prof. Dr. Reinhart M. Speeckaert
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dermatology
  • congenital pigmentation disorders
  • autoimmune pigmentation disorders
  • melanoma
  • vitiligo
  • skin problems
  • systemic diseases
  • alopecia areata
  • wound care

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

13 pages, 20477 KiB  
Review
Vitiligo: From Pathogenesis to Treatment
by Reinhart Speeckaert, Elise Van Caelenberg, Arno Belpaire, Marijn M. Speeckaert and Nanja van Geel
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(17), 5225; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175225 - 3 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2751
Abstract
Recent advances in vitiligo have provided promising treatment options, particularly through understanding the immune-mediated mechanisms leading to depigmentation. The inflammatory components in both vitiligo (non-segmental) and segmental vitiligo have similarities. Both are believed to result from an immune-based destruction of melanocytes by anti-melanocyte-specific [...] Read more.
Recent advances in vitiligo have provided promising treatment options, particularly through understanding the immune-mediated mechanisms leading to depigmentation. The inflammatory components in both vitiligo (non-segmental) and segmental vitiligo have similarities. Both are believed to result from an immune-based destruction of melanocytes by anti-melanocyte-specific cytotoxic T cells. The JAK-STAT pathway is activated with IFN-γ as the crucial cytokine and Th1-associated chemokines such as CXCL9 and CXCL10 recruit immune cells towards vitiligo skin. Nonetheless, clear differences are also present, such as the localized nature of segmental vitiligo, likely due to somatic mosaicism and increased presence of poliosis. The differing prevalence of poliosis suggests that the follicular immune privilege, which is known to involve immune checkpoints, may be more important in vitiligo (non-segmental). Immunomodulatory therapies, especially those targeting the JAK-IFNγ pathway, are currently at the forefront, offering effective inhibition of melanocyte destruction by cytotoxic T cells. Although Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors demonstrate high repigmentation rates, optimal results can take several months to years. The influence of environmental UV exposure on repigmentation in patients receiving immunomodulating drugs remains largely underexplored. Nonetheless, the combined effect of phototherapy with JAK inhibitors is impressive and suggests a targeted immune-based treatment may still require additional stimulation of melanocytes for repigmentation. Identifying alternative melanocyte stimulants beyond UV light remains crucial for the future management of vitiligo. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue More than Skin Deep—Latest Advances in Congenital and Autoimmune Pigmentation Disorders)
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