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Current Update and Perspectives in Corneal Disorders
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Current Update and Perspectives in Corneal Disorders

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Ophthalmology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 12192

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Domenico Schiano-Lomoriello

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IRCCS Fondazione G.B. Bietti per lo Studio e la Ricerca in Oftalmologia ONLUS, Rome, Italy
Interests: corneal surgery; cornea clinic; keratoconus; cataract surgery; refractive surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Anna Maria Roszkowska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
Interests: ophthalmology; cornea and refractive surgery; corneal diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the development of new treatments for corneal disease has been remarkable. The introduction of lamellar surgery worldwide dramatically increased the number of corneal transplants by a reduction of intraoperative and postoperative complications and an enlargement of indication. Additionally, the corneal collagen cross-linking changes completely the approach to keratoconus patients allowing treatment in the early stage of the disease. Furthermore, the diagnostic field is quickly evolving towards new tools of imaging and increased reliability of laboratory techniques. In this Special Issue, we welcome authors to submit papers on the surgical advances and innovations of corneal surgery, the safety, efficacy, predictability and stability of results obtained with different approaches. Furthermore, we encourage reports of long-term postoperative outcomes comparing different surgical techniques. The reports concerning the use of new diagnostic instruments and innovative laboratory approaches will be also of great interest.

Dr. Domenico Schiano-Lomoriello
Dr. Anna Maria Roszkowska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • corneal surgery
  • cornea clinic
  • keratocounus
  • corneal cross-linking
  • DALK
  • DSAEK
  • DMEK

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1496 KiB  
Article
Expression of Hormones’ Receptors in Human Corneal Endothelium from Fuchs’ Dystrophy: A Possible Gender’ Association
by Maria De Piano, Irene Abicca, Valentin Dinu, Anna Maria Roszkowska, Alessandra Micera and Domenico Schiano-Lomoriello
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(13), 3787; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13133787 - 27 Jun 2024
Viewed by 832
Abstract
Background: Age and sex are the most significant risk of factors for advanced Fuchs dystrophy. Nevertheless, few data are available on the hormone’s receptor pattern expressed in adult and advanced fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). We investigated the impact of gender, growth [...] Read more.
Background: Age and sex are the most significant risk of factors for advanced Fuchs dystrophy. Nevertheless, few data are available on the hormone’s receptor pattern expressed in adult and advanced fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). We investigated the impact of gender, growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) regulatory proteins expressed by the dystrophic endothelia. Methods: Ten dystrophic endothelial tissues and 10 normal endothelial sheets (corneoscleral specimens; Eye Bank) were used for this characterization study. Hormones’ receptors (ERα, AR, PR, SHBG), few growth factors (VEGFA, βNGF, TGFβ1), some ECM regulators (MMP1, MMP7) and few inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, IL10) were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. Results: ERα transcripts were significantly increased, AR and SHBG transcripts were decreased in Fuchs endothelia from female patients, and no changes were detected for PR transcripts. VEGFA, βNGF and TGFβ1 transcripts were upregulated in Fuchs’ endothelia, but not significantly linked to gender. High MMP1 and low MMP7 transcripts’ expression were detected in Fuchs’ specimens, mainly in males than females. An increased IFNγ (Th1) transcript expression was observed in females than males, and a trend to increase for IL10 (Th2) transcripts was detected in males than females. Conclusions: Our findings clearly indicate that hormone receptors, growth factors and matrix mediators as well as a Th1 pathway are predominant in Fuchs’ dystrophy, displaying a pattern of expression specific for the female phenotype. The differential expression of hormones’ receptors and the Th1/Th2 ratio might prompt to new theories to be tested in vitro and in vivo models, such as the use of hormonal substitute for counteracting this endothelial cell lost. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Update and Perspectives in Corneal Disorders)
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14 pages, 2187 KiB  
Article
Ocular Surface Microbiota in Naïve Keratoconus: A Multicenter Validation Study
by Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada, Cosimo Mazzotta, Federico Gabrielli, Filomena Tiziana Papa, Carmen Gómez-Huertas, Celia García-López, Facundo Urbinati, Rahul Rachwani-Anil, María García-Lorente, José-María Sánchez-González, Miguel Rechichi, Giovanni Rubegni and Davide Borroni
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(19), 6354; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196354 - 4 Oct 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2463
Abstract
In the field of Ophthalmology, the mNGS 16S rRNA sequencing method of studying the microbiota and ocular microbiome is gaining more and more weight in the scientific community. This study aims to characterize the ocular microbiota of patients diagnosed with keratoconus who have [...] Read more.
In the field of Ophthalmology, the mNGS 16S rRNA sequencing method of studying the microbiota and ocular microbiome is gaining more and more weight in the scientific community. This study aims to characterize the ocular microbiota of patients diagnosed with keratoconus who have not undergone any prior surgical treatment using the mNGS 16S rRNA sequencing method. Samples of naïve keratoconus patients were collected with an eNAT with 1 mL of Liquid Amies Medium (Copan Brescia, Italy), and DNA was extracted and analyzed with 16S NGS. The microbiota analysis showed a relative abundance of microorganisms at the phylum level in each sample collected from 38 patients with KC and 167 healthy controls. A comparison between healthy control and keratoconus samples identified two genera unique to keratoconus, Pelomonas and Ralstonia. Our findings suggest that alterations in the microbiota may play a role in the complex scenario of KC development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Update and Perspectives in Corneal Disorders)
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Review

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22 pages, 4171 KiB  
Review
Corneal Neurotization—Indications, Surgical Techniques and Outcomes
by Diana Carmen Dragnea, Iva Krolo, Carina Koppen, Callum Faris, Bert Van den Bogerd and Sorcha Ní Dhubhghaill
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(6), 2214; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12062214 - 13 Mar 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 5474
Abstract
Corneal neurotization is a promising surgical approach for the treatment of moderate to severe neurotrophic keratopathy. This technique aims to restore corneal sensation by transferring healthy nerves, either directly or via a conduit, to the anesthetic cornea. This review provides a report on [...] Read more.
Corneal neurotization is a promising surgical approach for the treatment of moderate to severe neurotrophic keratopathy. This technique aims to restore corneal sensation by transferring healthy nerves, either directly or via a conduit, to the anesthetic cornea. This review provides a report on the current state of development, evidence, and experience in the field. We summarize the data available from clinical reports and case series, placing an emphasis on the diversity of the surgical techniques reported. While these data are encouraging, they also highlight the need for a consensus in reporting outcomes and highlight how the next step will involve validating putative outcome parameters when researching and reporting corneal neurotization surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Update and Perspectives in Corneal Disorders)
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Other

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9 pages, 491 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Impact of Vaping on the Ocular Surface: A Systematic Review of the Literature
by Nilanga Aki Bandara, Barbara Burgos-Blasco, Xuan Randy Zhou, Amar Khaira, Alfonso Iovieno, Joanne A. Matsubara and Sonia N. Yeung
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(9), 2619; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092619 - 29 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2824
Abstract
Background: The use of electronic cigarettes has become increasingly popular in recent years. However, the impact that electronic cigarettes have on the ocular surface is not well known. Therefore, the aim of this review is to explore the current literature on the acute [...] Read more.
Background: The use of electronic cigarettes has become increasingly popular in recent years. However, the impact that electronic cigarettes have on the ocular surface is not well known. Therefore, the aim of this review is to explore the current literature on the acute and chronic sequelae of electronic cigarettes on the ocular surface. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was undertaken by keyword searching on the Embase, Medline, and Web of Science databases. Articles identified through the search underwent title/abstract screening, full-text screening, and data extraction. Results: A total of 18 studies were included in this review. Non-intended ocular surface exposures and intended exposures on the ocular surface were found to be associated with the use of electronic cigarettes. Conclusions: The impact of vaping on the ocular surface is not benign. There are significant risks that vaping can pose to the ocular surface. Hence, it is necessary to develop appropriate risk communication tools given the increasing popularity of this activity. Additionally, future long-term studies are needed to better understand the long-term impacts of vaping on the ocular surface given the lack of current data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Update and Perspectives in Corneal Disorders)
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