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J. Compos. Sci.
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Advanced Conductive Polymer Composites, Volume II
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Advanced Conductive Polymer Composites, Volume II

A special issue of Journal of Composites Science (ISSN 2504-477X). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Composites".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 10611

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Shanju Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
Interests: conductive polymers and their composites; polymer nanocomposites; hybrid nanocomposites; morphologies and structures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Xiaofeng Lu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
Interests: fabrication of conducting polymer nanocomposites and electrospun nanofibrous materials, and their applications in catalysis and energy storage

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) are functional polymer composite materials comprising polymeric components and conductive components. They have exhibited excellent properties including high conductivities, tunable physical properties, mechanical flexibility, and ease of process. CPC materials have been used for various emerging applications, such as sensors, motors, supercapacitors, batteries, photovoltaics, electromagnetic interference shielding materials, biomedical applications, and wearable devices. CPCs can be made when conductive fillers, such as carbon black and metallic particles, are incorporated into the insulating polymer matrix. The alternative is made from the conductive polymer matrix with functional fillers such as metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, and biologically active particles. The structure and morphology of CPCs play crucial roles in controlling the physical properties for various emerging applications.

This Special Issue focuses on recent progress in advanced CPCs with tunable physical properties and functionalities. The topic will cover electrically conductive composites, thermally conductive composites, and ionically conductive composites. Authors are encouraged to submit papers on the preparation, characterization, and properties of advanced CPCs for applications as described above. Experimental and theoretical studies on the recent development of advanced CPCs are welcome in the Special Issue. Authors are encouraged to contribute to the Special Issue by submitting original papers as well as review articles.

Prof. Dr. Shanju Zhang
Prof. Dr. Xiaofeng Lu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Composites Science is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • conductive composites
  • conductive polymers
  • conductive fillers
  • nanofillers
  • composite fabrication
  • electrical conductivities
  • structures
  • morphologies
  • interfaces
  • modeling
  • sensors
  • biomedicine
  • flexible devices
  • wearables

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 5122 KiB  
Article
Capacitive Properties of Ferrimagnetic NiFe2O4-Conductive Polypyrrole Nanocomposites
by Michael MacDonald and Igor Zhitomirsky
J. Compos. Sci. 2024, 8(2), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8020051 - 30 Jan 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1682
Abstract
This investigation addresses increasing interest in advanced composite materials, combining capacitive properties and spontaneous magnetization for energy storage applications in supercapacitors. The capacitive properties of ferrimagnetic NiFe2O4 (NFO) spinel nanoparticles with magnetization of 30 emu g−1 were enhanced using [...] Read more.
This investigation addresses increasing interest in advanced composite materials, combining capacitive properties and spontaneous magnetization for energy storage applications in supercapacitors. The capacitive properties of ferrimagnetic NiFe2O4 (NFO) spinel nanoparticles with magnetization of 30 emu g−1 were enhanced using high-energy ball-milling and the use of advanced dispersant, which facilitated charge transfer. NFO electrodes with an active mass of 40 mg cm−2 showed a capacitance of 1.46 F cm−2 in 0.5 M Na2SO4 electrolyte in a negative potential range. The charging mechanism in the negative potential range in Na2SO4 electrolyte was proposed. NFO was combined with conductive polypyrrole polymer for the fabrication of composites. The analysis of the capacitive behavior of the composites using cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry and impedance spectroscopy at different electrode potentials revealed synergy of contributions of NFO and PPy. The highest capacitance of 6.64 F cm−2 was obtained from cyclic voltammetry data. The capacitance, impedance, and magnetic properties can be varied by variation of electrode composition. Composite electrodes are promising for application in anodes of asymmetric magnetic supercapacitors for energy storage and magnetically enhanced capacitive water purification devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Conductive Polymer Composites, Volume II)
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19 pages, 4730 KiB  
Article
Effects of Gamma Irradiation on the AC Electrical Properties of Cross-Linked Epoxy Resin/Bisphenol A-Based Polycarbonate Composites
by Ziad Alqudah, Hassan K. Juwhari and Ziad Elimat
J. Compos. Sci. 2023, 7(12), 503; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120503 - 3 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1534
Abstract
The effects of gamma radiation on the AC electrical properties of highly cross-linked epoxy resin/bisphenol A-based polycarbonate samples have been investigated as a function of concentrations of bisphenol A-based polycarbonate, frequency, and temperature. The composite samples contained different bisphenol A-based polycarbonate concentrations of [...] Read more.
The effects of gamma radiation on the AC electrical properties of highly cross-linked epoxy resin/bisphenol A-based polycarbonate samples have been investigated as a function of concentrations of bisphenol A-based polycarbonate, frequency, and temperature. The composite samples contained different bisphenol A-based polycarbonate concentrations of 0, 4, 8, 10, and 15 by wt%. The gamma irradiation process was performed at different gamma doses of 0, 100, 300, and 500 Gy. The AC electrical properties of the tested samples were studied before and after gamma irradiation within a frequency range of 200 kHz to 1 MHz. The results show that after irradiation, a consistent decrease in complex impedance values (Z∗) was observed, indicating an increase in conductivity due to radiation-induced scission of the composite structure. Dielectric properties, including the dielectric constant (εr) and dielectric loss (εi), exhibited an increase with higher doses and higher polycarbonate concentrations, signifying the formation of defect sites and charge carrier trapping. AC electrical conductivity (σac) displayed a notable rise post irradiation, with temperatures ranging from 30 °C to 110 °C, and higher radiation doses and higher temperatures led to increased conductivity. The activation energy ( Ea) decreased as the radiation dose increased, reflecting structural modifications induced by radiation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Conductive Polymer Composites, Volume II)
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13 pages, 3410 KiB  
Article
Reversibility of Swelling, pH Sensitivity, Electroconductivity, and Mechanical Properties of Composites Based on Polyacrylic Acid Hydrogels and Conducting Polymers
by Galina Elyashevich, Elena Rosova, Zoolsho Zoolshoev, Natalia Saprykina and Ivan Kuryndin
J. Compos. Sci. 2023, 7(6), 261; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7060261 - 20 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2185
Abstract
Composites based on polyacrylic acid gels as matrices and conducting polymers (polyaniline and polypyrrole) as functional components have been obtained. It has been shown that the dependence of the equilibrium degree of swelling on the pH medium for the matrices demonstrates its pronounced [...] Read more.
Composites based on polyacrylic acid gels as matrices and conducting polymers (polyaniline and polypyrrole) as functional components have been obtained. It has been shown that the dependence of the equilibrium degree of swelling on the pH medium for the matrices demonstrates its pronounced maximum at pH = 11. The reversibility of the processes of swelling/contraction for the matrices and composites over a wide variation of swelling medium acidities was studied and analyzed. The effect of the crosslinking degree of the matrix on the content of the conducting components in the composites was determined. The electric conductivity of the composites depended on the degree of crosslinking of the matrices, and the content of the conducting component was measured. Deformational characteristics at compression were measured for the matrices and composites prepared in block-shaped cylinders. It was proven that the formation of a rigid-chain conducting polymer phase in the composites led to an increase in the elastic modulus as compared with the one for the matrix gel, but it did not cause a noticeable decrease in elasticity. It was observed that the new composites were characterized by a combination of swelling capacity, pH sensitivity, and electroconductivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Conductive Polymer Composites, Volume II)
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17 pages, 4734 KiB  
Article
High-Hardness, Water-Stable, and UV-Resistant Conductive Coatings Based on Waterborne PEDOT:PSS/Epoxy/(KH560/SiO2) Composite
by Zhanqi Li, Ling Zhu, Xiaowen Xie, Meng Zhou, Changqing Fu and Shuai Chen
J. Compos. Sci. 2023, 7(2), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7020051 - 2 Feb 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3462
Abstract
Despite the fact that PEDOT:PSS has been successfully used in the field of flexible electronics, some of its applications in the domain of rigid conductive coating have been limited by the pricey cost and subpar mechanical properties (hardness, adhesion, and moisture absorption) of [...] Read more.
Despite the fact that PEDOT:PSS has been successfully used in the field of flexible electronics, some of its applications in the domain of rigid conductive coating have been limited by the pricey cost and subpar mechanical properties (hardness, adhesion, and moisture absorption) of the commercially available Clevios™ PH 1000, as well as the poor conductivity, film formation, and mechanical properties of the self-made PEDOT:PSS. In the process of investigating the low-cost preparation of PEDOT-based conductive polymer coatings, we discovered that self-made PEDOT:PSS, a waterborne epoxy resin, and a bio-based epoxy curing agent can be blended uniformly to produce good film-forming conductive coatings. Later, the addition of KH560-modified nano-SiO2 further improved the coating’s hardness while ensuring a modest increase in conductivity. Meanwhile, the inadequacies of the epoxy resin, which are not UV-resistant, were considerably improved by the synergistic action of PEDOT:PSS and the modified SiO2. The result is a low-cost method designed for creating conductive coatings that are UV-resistant and may be utilized for electromagnetic, electrothermal, and antistatic shielding applications. Such a PEDOT:PSS/epoxy composite system and its design approach will broaden the scope of PEDOT:PSS’s application and will inspire future research in and practical implementations of PEDOT:PSS-based conducting coatings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Conductive Polymer Composites, Volume II)
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Review

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21 pages, 3120 KiB  
Review
Anthranilic Acid: A Versatile Monomer for the Design of Functional Conducting Polymer Composites
by Rachel McCormick, Emily Buckley, Paul J. Donnelly, Victoria Gilpin, Regan McMath, Robert B. Smith, Pagona Papakonstantinou and James Davis
J. Compos. Sci. 2024, 8(6), 208; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8060208 - 3 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1084
Abstract
Polyaniline has been utilized in various applications, yet its widespread adoption has often been impeded by challenges. Composite systems have been proposed as a means of mitigating some of these limitations, and anthranilic acid (2-aminobenzoic acid) has emerged as a possible moderator for [...] Read more.
Polyaniline has been utilized in various applications, yet its widespread adoption has often been impeded by challenges. Composite systems have been proposed as a means of mitigating some of these limitations, and anthranilic acid (2-aminobenzoic acid) has emerged as a possible moderator for use in co-polymer systems. It offers improved solubility and retention of electroactivity in neutral and alkaline media, and, significantly, it can also bestow chemical functionality through its carboxylic acid substituent, which can greatly ease post-polymer modification. The benefits of using anthranilic acid (as a homopolymer or copolymer) have been demonstrated in applications including corrosion protection, memory devices, photovoltaics, and biosensors. Moreover, this polymer has been used as a versatile framework for the sequestration of metal ions for water treatment, and, critically, these same mechanisms serve as a facile route for the production of catalytic metallic nanoparticles. However, the widespread adoption of polyanthranilic acid has been limited, and the aim of the present narrative review is to revisit the early promise of anthranilic acid and assess its potential future use within modern smart materials. A critical evaluation of its properties is presented, and its versatility as both a monomer and a polymer across a spectrum of applications is highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Conductive Polymer Composites, Volume II)
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