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Advanced Materials and Technologies in Ophthalmology
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Advanced Materials and Technologies in Ophthalmology

A special issue of Journal of Functional Biomaterials (ISSN 2079-4983). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2023) | Viewed by 8841

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Li Ren

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, China
Interests: biomaterials; biomedical polymer materials; tissue regeneration; surface functinalization of biomaterials; interface adaptation of biomaterials
Prof. Dr. Weiyun Shi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Yanerdao Road 5, Qingdao 266071, China
Interests: ophthalmology; biomaterials; medical tissue engineering; functionalized hydrogels; corneal tissue regeneration

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Approximately 285 million individuals worldwide suffer from visual impairment and 39 million from blindness, as reported by WHO in 2010. Such loss of vision caused by many eye diseases is irreversible with currently available medical and surgical therapeutic modalities. With rapid developments in tissue engineering technologies, researchers have devoted increasing efforts to the regeneration of lost or damaged eye tissues as a new approach to treating visual impairment and blindness caused by various ocular degenerative diseases, trauma, or infection. The development of natural and synthetic biomaterials for ophthalmic applications has attracted increasing attention. Recently, advanced materials and technologies, e.g., hydrogels, biodegradable polymers, nano-technology, and additive manufacturing technology, have been adapted to tissue engineering to mimic the physico-chemical properties of ocular tissues, deliver and control the release of bioactive molecules, control the cellular micro-environment, and build three-dimensional (3D) structures with various microenvironments and cell types.

This Special Issue will host papers (communications, articles, and reviews) related to the latest findings and trends in the field of ophthalmological biomaterials. Topics may include, but are not limited to, the following: advanced materials and technologies (such as hydrogels, biodegradable polymer, nano-technology, corneal tissue engineering, 3D bioprinting) in the fields of contact lens, artificial cornea, intraocular lens, artificial retina, and bionic eyes, etc. We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Li Ren
Prof. Dr. Weiyun Shi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Functional Biomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • advanced materials and technologies for the repair and regeneration of the intraocular lens
  • advanced materials and technologies for the repair and regeneration of the cornea
  • advanced materials and technologies for the repair and regeneration of the ocular surface
  • advanced materials and technologies for the repair and regeneration of the retina
  • other implants for repair and regeneration in ophthalmology

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 4252 KiB  
Article
Properties of Dual-Crosslinked Collagen-Based Membranes as Corneal Repair Material
by Lulu Wang, Yuehai Peng, Wenfang Liu and Li Ren
J. Funct. Biomater. 2023, 14(7), 360; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb14070360 - 10 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1713
Abstract
Corneal disease has become the second leading cause of blindness in the world. Corneal transplantation is currently considered to be one of the common treatments for vision loss. This paper presents a novel approach utilizing dual-crosslinked membranes composed of polyrotaxane multiple aldehydes (PRAs), [...] Read more.
Corneal disease has become the second leading cause of blindness in the world. Corneal transplantation is currently considered to be one of the common treatments for vision loss. This paper presents a novel approach utilizing dual-crosslinked membranes composed of polyrotaxane multiple aldehydes (PRAs), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC), and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) in the development process. Collagen was crosslinked, respectively, by EDC/NHS and PRAs to form stable amide bonds and imine groups. Through the formation of a double interpenetrating network, dual-crosslinked (Col-EDC-PRA) membranes exhibited enhanced resistance to collagenase degradation and superior mechanical properties compared to membranes crosslinked with a single crosslinker. Furthermore, Col-EDC-PRA membranes display favorable light transmittance and water content characteristics. Cell experiments showed that Col-EDC-PRA membranes were noncytotoxic and were not significantly different from other membranes. In a rabbit keratoplasty model, corneal stromal repair occurred at 5 months, evidenced by the presence of stromal cells and neo-stroma, as depicted in hematoxylin–eosin-stained histologic sections and optical coherence tomography images of the anterior segment. Moreover, there was no inflammation and corneal neovascularization, as well as no corneal rejection reaction in the surgical area. Overall, the results demonstrated that the dual-crosslinked membranes served effectively for corneal tissue regeneration after corneal defect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials and Technologies in Ophthalmology)
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11 pages, 1799 KiB  
Article
Decellularized Porcine Conjunctiva in Treating Severe Symblepharon
by Fengmei Shan, Xueying Feng, Jie Li, Sha Yang, Fuhua Wang, Weiyun Shi, Long Zhao and Qingjun Zhou
J. Funct. Biomater. 2023, 14(6), 318; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb14060318 - 8 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1679
Abstract
This prospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of decellularized porcine conjunctiva (DPC) in the management of severe symblepharon. Sixteen patients with severe symblepharon were enrolled in this study. After symblepharon lysis and Mitomycin C (MMC) application, tarsus defects were covered with residual [...] Read more.
This prospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of decellularized porcine conjunctiva (DPC) in the management of severe symblepharon. Sixteen patients with severe symblepharon were enrolled in this study. After symblepharon lysis and Mitomycin C (MMC) application, tarsus defects were covered with residual autologous conjunctiva (AC), autologous oral mucosa (AOM), or DPC throughout the fornix, and DPC was used for all the exposed sclera. The outcomes were classified as complete success, partial success, or failure. Six symblepharon patients had chemical burns and ten had thermal burns. Tarsus defects were covered with DPC, AC, and AOM in two, three, and eleven cases, respectively. After an average follow-up of 20.0 ± 6 months, the anatomical outcomes observed were complete successes in twelve (three with AC+DPC, four with AC+AOM+DPC, and five with AOM+DPC) (75%) cases, partial successes in three (one with AOM+DPC and two with DPC+DPC) (18.75%) cases, and failure in one (with AOM+DPC) (6.25%) case. Before surgery, the depth of the narrowest part of the conjunctival sac was 0.59 ± 0.76 mm (range, 0–2 mm), tear fluid quantity (Schirmer II tests) was 12.5 ± 2.26 mm (range, 10–16 mm), and the distance of the eye rotation toward the opposite direction of the symblepharon was 3.75 ± 1.39 mm (range, 2–7 mm). The fornix depths increased to 7.53 ± 1.64 mm (range, 3–9 mm), eye movement was significantly improved, and the distance of eye movement reaching 6.56 ± 1.24 mm (range, 4–8 mm) 1 month after the operation; the postoperative Schirmer II test (12.06 ± 2.90 mm, range, 6–17 mm) was similar to that before surgery. Goblet cells were finally found in fifteen patients by conjunctival impression cytology in the transplantation area of DPC, except for one patient who failed. DPC could be considered an alternative for ocular surface reconstruction of severe symblepharon. Covering tarsal defects with autologous mucosa is necessary for extensive reconstruction of the ocular surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials and Technologies in Ophthalmology)
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15 pages, 3586 KiB  
Article
Characterization and Evaluation of Rapamycin-Loaded Nano-Micelle Ophthalmic Solution
by Ting Zhang, Chao Wei, Xianggen Wu, Sai Zhang, Fangnan Duan, Xiaolin Qi, Weiyun Shi and Hua Gao
J. Funct. Biomater. 2023, 14(1), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb14010049 - 16 Jan 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2167
Abstract
Rapamycin-loaded nano-micelle ophthalmic solution (RAPA-NM) offers a promising application for preventing corneal allograft rejection; however, RAPA-NM has not yet been fully characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and underlying mechanism of RAPA-NM in inhibiting corneal allograft rejection. An optimized [...] Read more.
Rapamycin-loaded nano-micelle ophthalmic solution (RAPA-NM) offers a promising application for preventing corneal allograft rejection; however, RAPA-NM has not yet been fully characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and underlying mechanism of RAPA-NM in inhibiting corneal allograft rejection. An optimized RAPA-NM was successfully prepared using a polyvinyl caprolactam–polyvinyl acetate–polyethylene glycol (PVCL-PVA-PEG) graft copolymer as the excipient at a PVCL-PVA-PEG/RAPA weight ratio of 18:1. This formulation exhibited high encapsulation efficiency (99.25 ± 0.55%), small micelle size (64.42 ± 1.18 nm), uniform size distribution (polydispersity index = 0.076 ± 0.016), and a zeta potential of 1.67 ± 0.93 mV. The storage stability test showed that RAPA-NM could be stored steadily for 12 weeks. RAPA-NM also displayed satisfactory cytocompatibility and high membrane permeability. Moreover, topical administration of RAPA-NM could effectively prevent corneal allograft rejection. Mechanistically, a transcriptomic analysis revealed that several immune- and inflammation-related Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were significantly enriched in the downregulated genes in the RAPA-NM-treated allografts compared with the rejected allogenic corneal grafts. Taken together, these findings highlight the potential of RAPA-NM in treating corneal allograft rejection and other ocular inflammatory diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials and Technologies in Ophthalmology)
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12 pages, 3076 KiB  
Article
Reduction in Lens Epithelial Cell Senescence Burden through Dasatinib Plus Quercetin or Rapamycin Alleviates D-Galactose-Induced Cataract Progression
by Yinhao Wang, Yulin Tseng, Keyu Chen, Xinglin Wang, Zebin Mao and Xuemin Li
J. Funct. Biomater. 2023, 14(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb14010006 - 21 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2623
Abstract
Senescent cells accumulate in aged organisms and promote the progression of age-related diseases including cataracts. Therefore, we aimed to study the therapeutic effects of senescence-targeting drugs on cataracts. In this study, a 28-day D-galactose-induced cataract rat model was used. The opacity index, a [...] Read more.
Senescent cells accumulate in aged organisms and promote the progression of age-related diseases including cataracts. Therefore, we aimed to study the therapeutic effects of senescence-targeting drugs on cataracts. In this study, a 28-day D-galactose-induced cataract rat model was used. The opacity index, a grading based on slit-lamp observations, was used to assess lens cloudiness. Furthermore, the average lens density (ALD), lens density standard deviation (LDSD), and maximum lens density (MLD) obtained from Scheimpflug images were used to assess lens transparency. Immunohistochemical stainings for p16 and γH2AX were used as hallmarks of senescence. We treated rat cataract models with the senolytic drug combination dasatinib plus quercetin (D+Q) and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) inhibitors. In comparison to control lenses, D-galactose-induced cataract lenses showed a higher opacity index, ALD, LDSD, and MLD values, as well as accumulation of senescent lens epithelial cells (LECs). After D+Q treatment, ALD, LDSD, and MLD values on day 21 were significantly lower than those of vehicle-treated model rats. The expression levels of p16 and γH2AX were also reduced after D+Q administration. In addition, the SASP inhibitor rapamycin decreased the opacity index, ALD, LDSD, and MLD values on day 21. In conclusion, D+Q alleviated D-galactose-induced cataract progression by reducing the senescent LEC burden in the early stage of cataract. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials and Technologies in Ophthalmology)
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