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Surface Properties and Modifications of Zirconia
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Surface Properties and Modifications of Zirconia

A special issue of Journal of Functional Biomaterials (ISSN 2079-4983). This special issue belongs to the section "Dental Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2024) | Viewed by 3739

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jianguo Tan

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Guest Editor
Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: zirconia; implant; abutment; surface modification; soft tissue; antibacterial; interface
Dr. Yang Yang

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Guest Editor
Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: zirconia; antibacterial; surface modification; tissue engineering; soft tissue; bone regeneration

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As all-ceramic materials gain popularity in today’s clinical usage, there are many interesting and innovative discoveries emerging. Zirconia, one of the all-ceramic materials, possesses great mechanical and esthetic properties. With a low surface free energy, zirconia is known as a bio-inert material. Due to its inherited properties, zirconia has been widely used in dentistry, such as for fixed prosthetics, implants and abutments, and in dental filling materials. The material itself has evolved into different subtypes, such as high-translucency zirconia. Meanwhile, novel surface modification methods have been developed to enhance the performance of zirconia in different clinical scenarios. These studies are interesting and promising as the development of the material will eventually be beneficial to clinicians and patients. This Special Issue aims to publish the relative research of zirconia on the broad scope. Studies on the surface properties of zirconia, the novel processing strategies of zirconium and the surface modification of zirconia are welcome. High-quality original research articles and systematic reviews related to the themes are encouraged to be submitted for peer-review process. Through this Special Issue, we hope to present the current research on zirconia, and foster further development of all-ceramic material in the future.

Prof. Dr. Jianguo Tan
Dr. Yang Yang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Functional Biomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • surface properties of zirconia

  • surface modification of zirconia
  • dental material
  • ceramic
  • implant
  • prothesis
  • biomaterial
  • dental Bonding

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 7708 KiB  
Article
Enhancement of Biocompatibility of High-Transparency Zirconia Abutments with Human Gingival Fibroblasts via Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment: An In Vitro Study
by Miao Zheng, Xinrong Ma, Jianguo Tan, Hengxin Zhao, Yang Yang, Xinyi Ye, Mingyue Liu and Heping Li
J. Funct. Biomater. 2024, 15(7), 200; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15070200 - 21 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1338
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the effects of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment on the biological behavior of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) cultured on the surface of high-transparency zirconia. Two types of zirconia, 3Y-ZTP and 4Y-PSZ, were subjected to a [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to explore the effects of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment on the biological behavior of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) cultured on the surface of high-transparency zirconia. Two types of zirconia, 3Y-ZTP and 4Y-PSZ, were subjected to a CAP treatment for various treatment durations. Analyses of the physical and chemical properties of 3Y-ZTP and 4Y-PSZ were conducted using scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, both before and after CAP treatment. The biological responses of HGFs on both surfaces were assessed using CCK-8 assay, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and real-time PCR. Initially, the oxygen and hydroxyl contents on the surface of 4Y-PSZ exceeded those on 3Y-ZTP. CAP treatment enhanced the surface hydrophilicity and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content of 4Y-PSZ, while not altering the surface morphology. After CAP treatment, HGFs’ adhesion on 4Y-PSZ was superior, with more pronounced effects compared to 3Y-ZTP. Notably, HGFs counts and the expression of adhesion-related genes on 4Y-PSZ peaked following the CAP exposures for 30 s and 60 s. Consequently, this study demonstrates that, following identical CAP treatments, 4Y-PSZ is more effective in promoting HGFs adhesion compared to traditional 3Y-ZTP zirconia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Properties and Modifications of Zirconia)
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Review

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11 pages, 533 KiB  
Review
Comparison of Zirconia Implant Surface Modifications for Optimal Osseointegration
by Hyun Woo Jin, Sammy Noumbissi and Thomas G. Wiedemann
J. Funct. Biomater. 2024, 15(4), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15040091 - 2 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2041
Abstract
Zirconia ceramic implants are commercially available from a rapidly growing number of manufacturers. Macroscopic and microscopic surface design and characteristics are considered to be key determining factors in the success of the osseointegration process. It is, therefore, crucial to assess which surface modification [...] Read more.
Zirconia ceramic implants are commercially available from a rapidly growing number of manufacturers. Macroscopic and microscopic surface design and characteristics are considered to be key determining factors in the success of the osseointegration process. It is, therefore, crucial to assess which surface modification promotes the most favorable biological response. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparison of modern surface modifications that are featured in the most common commercially available zirconia ceramic implant systems. A review of the currently available literature on zirconia implant surface topography and the associated bio-physical factors was conducted, with a focus on the osseointegration of zirconia surfaces. After a review of the selected articles for this study, commercially available zirconia implant surfaces were all modified using subtractive protocols. Commercially available ceramic implant surfaces were modified or enhanced using sandblasting, acid etching, laser etching, or combinations of the aforementioned. From our literature review, laser-modified surfaces emerged as the ones with the highest surface roughness and bone–implant contact (BIC). It was also found that surface roughness could be controlled to achieve optimal roughness by modifying the laser output power during manufacturing. Furthermore, laser surface modification induced a very low amount of preload microcracks in the zirconia. Osteopontin (OPN), an early–late osteogenic differentiation marker, was significantly upregulated in laser-treated surfaces. Moreover, surface wettability was highest in laser-treated surfaces, indicating favorable hydrophilicity and thus promoting early bone forming, cell adhesion, and subsequent maturation. Sandblasting followed by laser modification and sandblasting followed by acid etching and post-milling heat treatment (SE-H) surfaces featured comparable results, with favorable biological responses around zirconia implants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Properties and Modifications of Zirconia)
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