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JMSE
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Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean
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Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Oceanography".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 5372

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Andrey G. Zatsepin

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Guest Editor
P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Interests: ocean physics; mesoscale and submesoscale processes; the Black Sea; coastal zone; field studies and laboratory modeling
Dr. Ksenia Silvestrova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovskiy Prospect 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia
Interests: oceanology; upwelling; ocean physics; currents; coastal processes; ocean-atmosphere interaction; field studies; microplastic; Black Sea; Arctic seas

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are glad to announce the JMSE Special Issue "Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean". Coastal wind-driven upwelling in the world ocean is one of the most important processes in terms of the high productivity of the oceanic environment. Therefore, studying the main ocean upwelling systems, such as the Peruvian–Chilean, the Canarian, the Benguela, the Californian, etc., is important. Furthermore, scientists are particularly interested in understanding how climate change will affect the upwelling systems in the near future. This Special Issue aims to include papers which will provide answers to the following research questions: What will happen to coastal upwellings in the different latitudinal belts of the Earth, in the marginal and inland seas? How will the local upwellings associated with oceanic fronts, eddies and jets of various scales evolve? How will the duration and spatial structure of upwellings change? What are the forecasts of climatic trends in the bioproductivity of upwelling zones? We also welcome papers which include research results obtained by the following methods: observational (contact and remote), hydrodynamic numerical and laboratory modeling.

Dr. Andrey G. Zatsepin
Dr. Ksenia Silvestrova
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • coastal wind-driven upwelling
  • open ocean upwellings
  • impact on bioproductivity
  • climate change
  • observations and modeling

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4240 KiB  
Article
Upwellings and Downwellings Caused by Mesoscale Water Dynamics in the Coastal Zone of Northeastern Black Sea
by Oleg I. Podymov, Vladimir V. Ocherednik, Ksenia P. Silvestrova and Andrei G. Zatsepin
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(8), 1628; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11081628 - 20 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1285
Abstract
The paper analyzes quasiperiodic upwellings and downwellings on the shelf and upper part of continental slope of the northeastern Black Sea. It is shown that these processes are related to changes in intensity and direction of alongshore current and the following geostrophic adjustment [...] Read more.
The paper analyzes quasiperiodic upwellings and downwellings on the shelf and upper part of continental slope of the northeastern Black Sea. It is shown that these processes are related to changes in intensity and direction of alongshore current and the following geostrophic adjustment of the density field. The source of such changes is the meandering of the Black Sea Rim Current (RC). It leads to a quasiperiodic change in direction of the alongshore current, from northwestern (cyclonic RC meander) to southeastern (anticyclonic RC meander, or eddy). These cycles, or phases, have an average duration of about 10 days. During the northwestern phase, the permanent Black Sea pycnohalocline (hereafter pycnocline) and seasonal thermocline descend, their thickness increases, and so does the thickness of the upper mixed layer (UML). During the southeastern phase, both the pycnocline and seasonal thermocline ascend and become thinner, along with the UML, which also becomes thinner. In both phases, isopycnals in the pycnocline and isotherms in the thermocline demonstrate quasi-in-phase vertical oscillations, which have a good correlation with the speed and direction of the alongshore current. These correlations allow estimation of the magnitude of upwellings and downwellings in the shelf–slope area of the northeastern Black Sea using data series of current velocity profiles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean)
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24 pages, 8914 KiB  
Article
Water Structure in the Utrish Nature Reserve (Black Sea) during 2020–2021 According to Thermistor Chain Data
by Ksenia Silvestrova, Stanislav Myslenkov, Oksana Puzina, Artem Mizyuk and Olga Bykhalova
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(4), 887; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11040887 - 21 Apr 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1919
Abstract
This paper reports the water temperature structure and associated coastal processes in the NE part of the Black Sea. In situ temperature was measured in the water area of the Utrish Nature Reserve. The thermistor chain was moored in 2020 and included 6–10 [...] Read more.
This paper reports the water temperature structure and associated coastal processes in the NE part of the Black Sea. In situ temperature was measured in the water area of the Utrish Nature Reserve. The thermistor chain was moored in 2020 and included 6–10 temperature sensors with an accuracy of ±0.025 °C and time step of one minute. The seasonal variations in the water temperature, upwelling events, internal waves and diurnal cycle were analyzed. The maximum value of SST (28.6 °C) was registered in the subsurface layer in August 2021; the minimum (7.7 °C) was registered in March 2022. Estimates of the diurnal temperature cycle were obtained according to spectral analysis. Summer months show the diurnal cycle more than 60% of the time, and the cold period shows it less than 10% of the time. Internal waves appeared in thermocline with periods from 5 min to 20 h. The strongest Ekman upwelling was registered in September 2021. The water temperature dropped from 26 °C to 16 °C in 10 h. Additionally, quality assessments of two hydrodynamic models were made. The models showed a good correlation (0.9) with water temperature measurements, but RMSE could reach 1–1.8 °C for subsurface layers. Temperature variability and its characteristics are an important basis for future coastal ecosystem studies in the Utrish. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean)
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16 pages, 4578 KiB  
Article
Verification of the Ekman Upwelling Criterion with In Situ Temperature Measurements in the Southeastern Baltic Sea
by Stanislav Myslenkov, Ksenia Silvestrova, Viktor Krechik and Mariia Kapustina
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(1), 179; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11010179 - 10 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1564
Abstract
Upwelling leads to a sharp and strong decrease in water temperature in the coastal zone of the southeastern Baltic Sea. The quality of existing hydrodynamic models cannot fully meet the requirements of accurate upwelling forecasts. This study provides insight into the applicability of [...] Read more.
Upwelling leads to a sharp and strong decrease in water temperature in the coastal zone of the southeastern Baltic Sea. The quality of existing hydrodynamic models cannot fully meet the requirements of accurate upwelling forecasts. This study provides insight into the applicability of the simplified Ekman upwelling criterion method for the southeastern Baltic Sea. The upwelling criterion is the ratio of the vertical velocity and the duration of the upwelling wind to the mixed layer density. The vertical velocity was determined by the divergence of the integral Ekman transport in the transverse direction. Calculation of the criterion was based on wind data from NCEP/CFSR reanalysis. The upwelling criterion was compared with in situ temperatures from direct measurements near the D-6 oil platform taken in 2015–2017. Only 46% of calculated upwelling cases were confirmed by temperature decreases in the sub-surface. It was found that more than half of the cases of strong temperature decreases were caused by a northern wind (Ekman upwelling), when the criterion exceeded the threshold value. Comparison of the hydrodynamic model results and direct measurements shows that the model’s quality is far from perfect, and the simplified methods can be used as alternatives to models. Some recommendations were made for future upwelling research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean)
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