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Wave Phenomena in Ship and Marine Hydrodynamics
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Wave Phenomena in Ship and Marine Hydrodynamics

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 21073

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Kostas Belibassakis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Naval Architecture & Marine Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Interests: ship and marine hydrodynamics; wave-body–seabed interactions; wave–current interaction; propagation in inhomogeneous environment; wave climate and potential; marine renewable energy systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wave phenomena in ship and marine hydrodynamics include flow interactions with marine vehicles, such as surface ships, submerged vehicles operating near the free-surface and offshore, and coastal structures—both fixed and floating ones. Some of the important topics are resistance and propulsion in waves, as well as controllability, wave loads, wave induced motions, energy performance, and marine renewable energy. A better understanding and application of the methods for the hydrodynamic analysis of ships and marine structures is of the utmost importance concerning their design and operation. This Special Issue aims to discuss the recent advances on wave hydrodynamics in ship and ocean engineering, and other related fields such as renewable marine energy. Specific topics include the following:

Linear and nonlinear waves and currents in offshore and nearshore environment

Computational wave hydrodynamics and numerical wave tank  

Wave–structure interactions and hydro-elasticity effects

Environmental loads and underwater noise

Resistance, propulsion, seakeeping, and maneuverability of ships in waves

Hydrodynamics of renewable marine energy systems and ocean resources

Experimental techniques for towing tank, wave flume and water basin

Other aspects of wave hydrodynamics in ship and ocean engineering.

Prof. Kostas A. Belibassakis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ship and marine hydrodynamics
  • free surface hydrodynamics
  • wave-body–seabed interactions
  • wave–current interactions
  • marine propulsors and biomimetic thrusters
  • propagation in inhomogeneous environment
  • wave energy potential and energy systems

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 6250 KiB  
Article
A Model for Performance Estimation of Flapping Foil Operating as Biomimetic Stream Energy Device
by Iro E. Malefaki and Kostas A. Belibassakis
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9010021 - 27 Dec 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2742
Abstract
During the recent period intensive research has focused on the advancement of engineering and technology aspects concerning the development and optimization of wave and current energy converters driven by the need to increase the percentage of marine renewable sources in the energy-production mix, [...] Read more.
During the recent period intensive research has focused on the advancement of engineering and technology aspects concerning the development and optimization of wave and current energy converters driven by the need to increase the percentage of marine renewable sources in the energy-production mix, particularly from offshore installations. Most stream energy-harvesting devices are based on hydro-turbines, and their performance is dependent on the ratio of the blade-tip speed to incident-flow speed. As the oncoming speed of natural-occurring currents varies randomly, there is a penalty for the latter device’s performance when operating at non-constant tip-speed ratio away from the design value. Unlike conventional turbines that are characterized by a single degree of freedom rotating around an axis, a novel concept is examined concerning hydrokinetic energy converters based on oscillating hydrofoils. The biomimetic device includes a rotating, vertically mounted, biomimetic wing, supported by an arm linked at a pivot point on the mid-chord. Activated by a controllable self-pitching motion the system performs angular oscillations around the vertical axis in incoming flow. In this work, the performance of the above flapping-foil, biomimetic flow energy harvester is investigated by application of a semi-3D model based on unsteady hydrofoil theory and the results are verified by comparison to experimental data and a 3D boundary element method based on vortex rings. By systematical application of the model the power extraction and efficiency of the system is presented for various cases including different geometric, mechanical, and kinematic parameters, and the optimal performance of the system is determined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wave Phenomena in Ship and Marine Hydrodynamics)
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17 pages, 6571 KiB  
Article
Porosity Effects on the Dispersion Relation of Water Waves through Dense Array of Vertical Cylinders
by Joffrey Jamain, Julien Touboul, Vincent Rey and Kostas Belibassakis
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(12), 960; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8120960 - 24 Nov 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1961
Abstract
There is growing interest for water-wave flows through arrangements of cylinders with application to the performance of porous marine structures and environmental flows in coastal vegetation. For specific few cases experimental data are available in the literature concerning the modification of the dispersion [...] Read more.
There is growing interest for water-wave flows through arrangements of cylinders with application to the performance of porous marine structures and environmental flows in coastal vegetation. For specific few cases experimental data are available in the literature concerning the modification of the dispersion equation for waves through a dense array of vertical cylinders. This paper presents a numerical study of the porosity effects on the dispersion relation of water waves through such configurations. To this aim, the sloshing problem in a tank full of vertical cylinders intersecting the free surface is studied using the finite element method, and the influence of the porosity on the wave number is quantified. On the basis of numerical results, a new modification of a dispersion relation for porous medium is suggested based on a wide range of collected data. Moreover, the domain of validity of this new dispersion relation is examined considering the number of cylinders and the extrapolation to the infinite medium. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wave Phenomena in Ship and Marine Hydrodynamics)
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25 pages, 9064 KiB  
Article
Generation and Absorption of Periodic Waves Traveling on a Uniform Current in a Fully Nonlinear BEM-based Numerical Wave Tank
by Dimitris I. Manolas, Vasilis A. Riziotis and Spyros G. Voutsinas
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(9), 727; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8090727 - 21 Sep 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2270
Abstract
Accurate and efficient numerical wave generation and absorption of two-dimensional nonlinear periodic waves traveling on a steady, uniform current were carried out in a potential, fully nonlinear numerical wave tank. The solver is based on the Βoundary Εlement Μethod (ΒΕΜ) with linear singularity [...] Read more.
Accurate and efficient numerical wave generation and absorption of two-dimensional nonlinear periodic waves traveling on a steady, uniform current were carried out in a potential, fully nonlinear numerical wave tank. The solver is based on the Βoundary Εlement Μethod (ΒΕΜ) with linear singularity distributions and plane elements and on the mixed Eulerian–Lagrangian formulation of the free surface equations. Wave generation is implemented along the inflow boundary by imposing the stream function wave solution, while wave absorption at both end-boundaries is effectively treated by introducing absorbing layers. On the absorbing beach side, the outflow boundary condition is modified to ensure that the solution accurately satisfies the dispersion relation of the generated waves. The modification involves a free-parameter that depends on the mass flux through the domain and is determined through a feedback error-correction loop. The developed method provides accurate time domain wave solutions for shallow, intermediate, and deep water depths of high wave steepness (wave heights up to 80% of the maximum value) that remain stable for 150 wave periods. This also holds in case a coplanar or opposing uniform current of velocity up to 20% of the wave celerity interacts with the wave. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wave Phenomena in Ship and Marine Hydrodynamics)
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25 pages, 1211 KiB  
Article
A Coupled Artificial Compressibility Method for Free Surface Flows
by Dimitris Ntouras and George Papadakis
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(8), 590; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8080590 - 6 Aug 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2982
Abstract
Modeling free surface flows in a CFD context typically requires an incompressible approach along with a formulation to account for the air–water interface. Commonly, pressure-correction algorithms combined with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method are used to describe these kinds of flows. Pressure-correction [...] Read more.
Modeling free surface flows in a CFD context typically requires an incompressible approach along with a formulation to account for the air–water interface. Commonly, pressure-correction algorithms combined with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method are used to describe these kinds of flows. Pressure-correction algorithms are segregated solvers, which means equations are solved in sequence until convergence is accomplished. On the contrary, the artificial compressibility (AC) method solves a single coupled system of equations. Solving at each timestep a single system of equations obviates the need for segregated algorithms, since all equations converge simultaneously. The goal of the present work is to combine the AC method with VOF formulation and prove its ability to account for unsteady flows of immiscible fluids. The presented system of equations has a hyperbolic nature in pseudo-time, thus the arsenal of the hyperbolic discretization process can be exploited. To this end, a thorough investigation of unsteady flows is presented to demonstrate the ability of the method to accurately describe unsteady flows. Problems of wave propagation on constant and variable bathymetry are considered, as well as a fluid structure interaction problem, where viscous effects have a significant impact on the motion of the structure. In all cases the results obtained are compared with theoretical or experimental data. The straightforward implementation of the method, as well as its accurate predictions, shows that AC method can be regarded as a suitable choice to account for free surface flows. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wave Phenomena in Ship and Marine Hydrodynamics)
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26 pages, 3813 KiB  
Article
A Non-Linear BEM–FEM Coupled Scheme for the Performance of Flexible Flapping-Foil Thrusters
by Dimitra E. Anevlavi, Evangelos S. Filippas, Angeliki E. Karperaki and Kostas A. Belibassakis
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(1), 56; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8010056 - 18 Jan 2020
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4223
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that nature-inspired thrusters based on flexible oscillating foils show enhanced propulsive performance. However, understanding the underlying physics of the fluid–structure interaction (FSI) is essential to improve the efficiency of existing devices and pave the way for novel energy-efficient marine thrusters. [...] Read more.
Recent studies indicate that nature-inspired thrusters based on flexible oscillating foils show enhanced propulsive performance. However, understanding the underlying physics of the fluid–structure interaction (FSI) is essential to improve the efficiency of existing devices and pave the way for novel energy-efficient marine thrusters. In the present work, we investigate the effect of chord-wise flexibility on the propulsive performance of flapping-foil thrusters. For this purpose, a numerical method has been developed to simulate the time-dependent structural response of the flexible foil that undergoes prescribed large general motions. The fluid flow model is based on potential theory, whereas the elastic response of the foil is approximated by means of the classical Kirchhoff–Love theory for thin plates under cylindrical bending. The fully coupled FSI problem is treated numerically with a non-linear BEM–FEM scheme. The validity of the proposed scheme is established through comparisons against existing works. The performance of the flapping-foil thrusters over a range of design parameters, including flexural rigidity, Strouhal number, heaving and pitching amplitudes is also studied. The results show a propulsive efficiency enhancement of up to 6% for such systems with moderate loss in thrust, compared to rigid foils. Finally, the present model after enhancement could serve as a useful tool in the design, assessment and control of flexible biomimetic flapping-foil thrusters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wave Phenomena in Ship and Marine Hydrodynamics)
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25 pages, 6152 KiB  
Article
A Study of Multi-Component Oscillating-Foil Hydrokinetic Turbines with a GPU-Accelerated Boundary Element Method
by Panagiotis E. Koutsogiannakis, Evangelos S. Filippas and Kostas A. Belibassakis
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(12), 424; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7120424 - 21 Nov 2019
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3803
Abstract
A biomimetic semi-activated oscillating-foil device with multiple foils in a parallel configuration is studied for the extraction of marine renewable energy. For the present investigation, an unsteady boundary element method (BEM) is used for the simulation of 3D lifting flows. For this work, [...] Read more.
A biomimetic semi-activated oscillating-foil device with multiple foils in a parallel configuration is studied for the extraction of marine renewable energy. For the present investigation, an unsteady boundary element method (BEM) is used for the simulation of 3D lifting flows. For this work, the device is assumed to be submerged far from the free surface and the sea bottom. However, the geometry of the body and the initial shape of the wake are general. For the numerical simulations, a high performance in-house GPU-accelerated code (GPU-BEM) is developed. For the calculation of singular integrals, an adaptive algorithm based on the Gauss–Lobatto quadrature is used. Concerning the numerical scheme of GPU-BEM, the convergence of the method was tested, the numerical characteristics were determined and the method was validated. A parametric study of a single-foil device is presented to determine the performance characteristics of such devices. Next, twin-foil devices are investigated in parallel and staggered configurations with a phase difference between the two foils. Finally, the multiple-foil parallel configuration is compared against turbines. After enhancement and further verification, the present method is proposed for the design and control of such biomimetic devices for the extraction of energy from waves and tidal currents nearshore. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wave Phenomena in Ship and Marine Hydrodynamics)
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