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The Development of Echocardiography in Heart Disease
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The Development of Echocardiography in Heart Disease

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Methodology, Drug and Device Discovery".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 2598

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jolanta Justina Vaskelyte

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cardiology, Cardiology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
Interests: cardiovascular imaging—echocardiography; evaluation of function and deformation of the ventricles and the atria in valvular heart diseases; CAD; arrhythmias
Dr. Egle Rumbinaite

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
Interests: valvular heart disease; valvular interventions; echocardiography; heart failure
Dr. Vaida Mizariene

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
Interests: valvular heart disease; echocardiography; heart failure

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since Inge Edler and Helmut Hertz presented M-mode echocardiography in 1953 and marked the beginning of a new diagnostic non-invasive technique, the tremendous development of technologies has made this method one of the most important in cardiology, everyday clinical practice, and scientific research. New technologies such as stress and contrast echocardiography, speckle tracking echocardiography, and 3D echocardiography permit us to detect subclinical changes in the heart and diagnose heart pathologies that earlier remained undiagnosed or detected with the help of complex invasive methods. The wide range of all now available echocardiographic techniques, together with fused technologies, not only markedly improved the diagnostic process but also opened the possibilities for personalized management owing to the revealed subtle echocardiographic data as well as permitted the performance of different interventional procedures relying on echocardiographic images.

This Special Issue is open for scientific research on different applications of echocardiography, from M-mode to speckle tracking, 3D echocardiography, new technologies, intracardiac and intravascular echocardiography, as well as the application of echocardiography during interventional procedures (e.g., valve repair, device implantation, etc.).

Original research papers, systematic reviews, and case reports are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Jolanta Justina Vaskelyte
Dr. Egle Rumbinaite
Dr. Vaida Mizariene
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • echocardiography
  • speckle tracking
  • CAD
  • valvular pathology
  • myocardial/pericardial diseases
  • congenital defects
  • rare cardiac diseases
  • interventional procedures

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 782 KiB  
Article
Myocarditis: Differences in Clinical Expression between Patients with ST-Segment Elevation in Electrocardiogram vs. Patients without ST-Segment Elevation
by Grytė Ramantauskaitė, Kingsley A. Okeke and Vaida Mizarienė
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(10), 1057; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14101057 - 13 Oct 2024
Viewed by 703
Abstract
Background/Objectives: In cases of myocarditis, electrocardiograms (ECGs) may suggest a pattern of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). NSTEMI patterns are less frequent in myocarditis cases, but it remains unclear if the presence of ST-segment elevation in myocarditis [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: In cases of myocarditis, electrocardiograms (ECGs) may suggest a pattern of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). NSTEMI patterns are less frequent in myocarditis cases, but it remains unclear if the presence of ST-segment elevation in myocarditis cases is related to a more severe condition and more damage in the myocardium. Methods: This is a retrospective study involving 38 patients admitted to hospital with myocarditis. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with ST-segment elevation (STE) patterns in the ECG (25), and patients without ST-segment elevation (non-STE) patterns (13). The data compared included results from epidemiological, laboratory, and instrumental tests. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics v26.0. A p value of <0.05 was established as the threshold for statistical significance. Results: C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were higher in the STE group (103.40 ± 82.04 mg/L vs. 43.54 ± 61.93 mg/L, p = 0.017). The left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly higher in the non-STE pattern group (49.71 ± 4.14 vs. 56.58 ± 3.99, p < 0.001). A lower LVEF correlates with higher TnI levels (r= −0.353, p = 0.032) and higher CRP levels (r = −0.554, p < 0.001). Lower left ventricle (LV) strain correlates with higher levels of Troponin I (TnI) (r = −0.641, p = 0.013). Conclusions: LVEFs in the STE group were lower compared to those in the non-STE pattern group. STE pattern was associated with higher CRP levels. Higher TnI levels in cases of myocarditis were associated with lower LV strain and lower LVEF; higher CRP levels also correlated with lower LVEF. Based on a 6-month echocardiographic follow-up, the prognosis of myocarditis was favourable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Development of Echocardiography in Heart Disease)
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16 pages, 1939 KiB  
Article
The Relative Apical Sparing Strain Pattern in Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis: A Marker of Adverse Cardiac Remodeling
by Dovilė Ramanauskaitė, Giedrė Balčiūnaitė, Darius Palionis, Justinas Besusparis, Edvardas Žurauskas, Vilius Janušauskas, Aleksejus Zorinas, Nomeda Valevičienė, Peter Sogaard and Sigita Glaveckaitė
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(7), 707; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14070707 - 1 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Background: The presence of a relative apical sparing (RAS) echocardiographic strain pattern raises a suspicion of underlying cardiac amyloidosis (CA). However, it is also increasingly observed in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, dynamics, and clinical characteristics of [...] Read more.
Background: The presence of a relative apical sparing (RAS) echocardiographic strain pattern raises a suspicion of underlying cardiac amyloidosis (CA). However, it is also increasingly observed in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, dynamics, and clinical characteristics of the RAS strain pattern in severe AS patients who had been referred for surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Methods: A total of 77 patients with severe AS and without CA were included with a mean age of 70 (62–73) years, 58% female, a mean aortic valve area index of 0.45 ± 0.1 cm2/m2, and a mean gradient of 54.9 (45–70) mmHg. Results: An RAS strain pattern was detected in 14 (18%) patients. RAS-positive patients had a significantly higher LV mass index (125 ± 28 g/m2 vs. 91 ± 32, p = 0.001), a lower LV ejection fraction (62 ± 12 vs. 68 ± 13, p = 0.040), and lower global longitudinal strain (–14.9 ± 3 vs. –18.7 ± 5%, p = 0.002). RAS strain pattern-positive patients also had higher B-type natriuretic peptide (409 (161–961) vs. 119 (66–245) pg/L, p = 0.032) and high-sensitivity troponin I (15 (13–29) vs. 9 (5–18) pg/L, p = 0.026) levels. Detection of an RAS strain pattern was strongly associated with increased LV mass index (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.06, p < 0.001). The RAS strain pattern had resolved in all patients by 3 months after SAVR. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the RAS strain pattern can be present in patients with severe AS without evidence of CA. The presence of an RAS strain pattern is associated with adverse LV remodeling, and it resolves after SAVR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Development of Echocardiography in Heart Disease)
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Review

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17 pages, 1523 KiB  
Review
Left Atrial Strain: State of the Art and Clinical Implications
by Niloofar Javadi, Nadera N. Bismee, Mohammed Tiseer Abbas, Isabel G. Scalia, Milagros Pereyra, Nima Baba Ali, Sogol Attaripour Esfahani, Kamal Awad, Juan M. Farina, Chadi Ayoub and Reza Arsanjani
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(11), 1093; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14111093 - 5 Nov 2024
Viewed by 501
Abstract
The assessment of left atrial strain (LAS) has emerged as an essential component in the evaluation of cardiac function, especially in pathologies such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation. This narrative review aims to outline the available methods for assessing LAS with a [...] Read more.
The assessment of left atrial strain (LAS) has emerged as an essential component in the evaluation of cardiac function, especially in pathologies such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation. This narrative review aims to outline the available methods for assessing LAS with a major emphasis on speckle-tracking echocardiography techniques. Other imaging modalities, including cardiac magnetic resonance and cardiac computed tomography, also provide important information on LA dynamics but have disadvantages with respect to cost and availability. The current narrative review underlines basic concepts such as the accurate assessment of LAS and discusses the clinical relevance of LAS by pointing out its significant diagnostic and prognostic role in several cardiovascular conditions. The aim of this article is to discuss the current integration of LAS into clinical practice with a view to further improving patient management and treatment strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Development of Echocardiography in Heart Disease)
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