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Life
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Applications of Ultrasound in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
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Applications of Ultrasound in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Radiobiology and Nuclear Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 April 2024) | Viewed by 4126

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Vito D’Andrea

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Guest Editor
Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: neonatal functional echocardiography; ultrasound-guided central venous catheter placement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alessandro Perri

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Guest Editor
Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: lung ultrasonography; echoencephalography
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Giorgia Prontera

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Guest Editor
Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: neonatal functional echocardiography; ultrasound-guided central venous; catheter placement

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

In recent years, the use of ultrasound techniques in neonatal intensive care has become widespread. In particular, ultrasound now constitutes an important support for the neonatologist in the diagnosis and management of the pathological patient. This is true in several areas: in respiratory pathology with chest and diaphragmatic function ultrasonography; in the hemodynamic management of the critic neonate with echocardiography; and in neurological risk assessment with echoencephalography. Additionally, ultrasound is used in precision medicine, with the described spread of ultrasound-guided procedures (thoracentesis, pericardiocentesis, paracentesis, rachicentesis, ultrasound-guided central venous catheter placement, endotracheal tube position control, and nasogastric tube).

The trend toward developing personalized and precision medicine makes the use of ultrasound techniques into a very interesting research topic. With this in mind, we believe that a Special Issue aimed at collecting the latest news in this regard would be very interesting for neonatologists.

Dr. Vito D’Andrea
Dr. Alessandro Perri
Dr. Giorgia Prontera
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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17 pages, 13047 KiB  
Article
The Role of POCUS and Monitoring Systems during Emergency Pericardial Effusion in the NICU
by Cătălin Cîrstoveanu, Alexandra Bratu, Cristina Filip and Mihaela Bizubac
Life 2024, 14(9), 1104; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14091104 - 2 Sep 2024
Viewed by 625
Abstract
Central venous catheterization is, now, one of the most routinely used procedures in the NICUs, helping during the care of very sick infants. Pericardial effusion is a very rare but severe complication, with a high mortality. The cases described are part of an [...] Read more.
Central venous catheterization is, now, one of the most routinely used procedures in the NICUs, helping during the care of very sick infants. Pericardial effusion is a very rare but severe complication, with a high mortality. The cases described are part of an ongoing retrospective study where the use of central catheters inserted in our surgical NICU, and its complications is being analyzed. 16 cases over 13 years are presented in this article, varying in severity from mild, self-resolving cases that were discovered during routine cardiac POCUS to cases with important hemodynamic impact associated with cardiac tamponade and cardiac arrest. Due to immediate intervention, only one of the cases led to catheter-related mortality and that was under particular conditions. Our aim is to highlight the severity of this complication, the importance of early intervention, and the impact of a highly technologized unit and widely available cardiac POCUS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Ultrasound in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit)
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16 pages, 2209 KiB  
Article
Delivery Room Lung Ultrasound—Feasibility, Normal Patterns, and Predictive Value for Respiratory Support in Term and Near-Term Neonates: A Monocentric Study
by Adrian Ioan Toma, Vlad Dima, Alina Fieraru, Alexandra Arghirescu, Larisa Nicoleta Andrășoaie, Răzvan Chirap, Anelise Alina Coandă, Teodora Bujdei, Andreea Nicoleta Marinescu and Al Jashi Isam
Life 2024, 14(6), 732; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060732 - 6 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1129
Abstract
Aim: our study aimed to characterize the lung ultrasound (LUS) patterns noted immediately after delivery in term and near-term neonates, and to investigate whether the LUS scores or patterns observed at that point could anticipate the need for respiratory support in the sample [...] Read more.
Aim: our study aimed to characterize the lung ultrasound (LUS) patterns noted immediately after delivery in term and near-term neonates, and to investigate whether the LUS scores or patterns observed at that point could anticipate the need for respiratory support in the sample of patients studied. Materials and methods: We performed two ultrasound examinations: one in the delivery room and the second at one hour of age. The anterior and lateral regions of both lungs were examined. We assessed the correlation between the LUS scores or patterns and the gestational age, umbilical arterial blood gases, the need for respiratory support (CPAP or mechanical ventilation), the presence of respiratory distress, and the need for the administration of oxygen. Results: LUS scores were significantly higher in the delivery room examination (8.05 ± 1.95) than at 1 h of age (6.4 ± 1.75) (p < 0.001). There were also statistically significant differences between the LUS patterns observed in different lung regions between the delivery room exam and the exam performed at 1 h of age (p values between 0.001 and 0.017). There were also differences noted regarding the LUS patterns between different lung regions at the exam in the delivery room (the right anterior region LUS patterns were significantly worse than the right lateral LUS patterns (p < 0.004), left anterior LUS patterns (p < 0.001), and left lateral LUS patterns (p < 0.001)). A statistically significant correlation was found between LUS scores and the gestational age of the patients (r = 0.568, p < 0.001—delivery room; r = 4.0443, p < 0.001—one hour of age). There were statistically significant associations between LUS scores, patterns at delivery (p < 0.001) and 1 h of age (p < 0.001), and the need for respiratory support (CPAP or mechanical ventilation). Conclusions: LUS in the delivery room offers important information regarding lung fluid elimination and aeration of the lungs, and early LUS features are significantly associated with the risk of respiratory distress and the need for respiratory support. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Ultrasound in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit)
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23 pages, 1216 KiB  
Systematic Review
Applications of Point-of-Care-Ultrasound in Neonatology: A Systematic Review of the Literature
by Florian Recker, Florian Kipfmueller, Agnes Wittek, Brigitte Strizek and Lone Winter
Life 2024, 14(6), 658; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060658 - 22 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1961
Abstract
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) integration into neonatology offers transformative potential for diagnostics and treatment, enhancing immediacy and precision of clinical decision-making in this vulnerable patient population. This systematic review aims to synthesize evidence on POCUS applications, benefits, challenges, and educational strategies in neonatology. Literature [...] Read more.
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) integration into neonatology offers transformative potential for diagnostics and treatment, enhancing immediacy and precision of clinical decision-making in this vulnerable patient population. This systematic review aims to synthesize evidence on POCUS applications, benefits, challenges, and educational strategies in neonatology. Literature search was conducted using SPIDER scheme keywords and MeSH terms related to POCUS and neonatology. Studies focusing on POCUS applications, its impact on clinical outcomes, and educational interventions for skill acquisition were included and analyzed using standardized tools, followed by a narrative synthesis of the findings. The search yielded 68 relevant publications, encompassing original research, reviews, and guidelines. POCUS applications varied across cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, and abdominal assessments. Key benefits included a reduced need for invasive procedures and rapid bedside diagnosis. Challenges included steep learning curves for clinicians and the need for standardized training and guidelines. Educational strategies highlighted the effectiveness of simulation-based training in enhancing ultrasound proficiency among neonatal care providers. POCUS represents a significant advancement in neonatal medicine, offering benefits for patient care. Addressing identified challenges through comprehensive training programs and developing standardized guidelines is crucial for optimized use. Future research should focus on evaluating educational outcomes and long-term impacts of POCUS integration into neonatal care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Ultrasound in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit)
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