Diet–Microbiota Interactions in Human Health and Disease

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2023) | Viewed by 6416

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
Interests: gut microbiome in health and disease

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Guest Editor
The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, China
Interests: gut microbiome in health and disease

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Guest Editor
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Interests: host-diet-gut microbiota interactions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will focus on diet–microbiota interactions in human health and disease.

Over the past decade, the gut microbiome has emerged as an important regulator of host immunity and energy metabolism, which is associated with the etiology of multiple human diseases, including metabolic, immunological, and neurological disorders. Diet is the key determinant of the gut microbiota configuration. Gut microbiota can be readily reprogrammed by various food components and potentially impact human physiology by participating in digestion, the absorption of nutrients, shaping of the mucosal immune response and the synthesis or modulation of a plethora of potentially bioactive compounds. Therefore, reshaping host–microbiota interactions through personalized nutrition to control/prevent disease control is an area of increasing interest. However, major limitations in ‘big data’ processing and analysis still limit our interpretive and translational capabilities concerning these person-specific host, microbiome, and diet interactions. More exploratory and confirmatory mechanistic studies should be conducted to unveil how different food components modulate the host microbiome and health, as well as to advance our understanding of their molecular underpinnings. This will pave the way toward precision editing of the microbiome by diet or nutrition strategies.

Therefore, we welcome research articles, case reports, reviews or short communications based on, but not limited to, the following themes:

  1. How food component, food additive, food supplement, and food processing approaches impact composition and function in gut microbiota;
  2. How the dietary–microbiome crosstalk affects disease development and progression;
  3. How gut microbiota metabolize food components and generate metabolites to impact human health;
  4. How bioactive dietary compounds treat or prevent disease by modulating gut microbiota.

Dr. Fen Zhang
Prof. Dr. Tao Zuo
Dr. Qinglong Wu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • gut microbiota
  • diet
  • metabolites
  • personalized nutrition
  • bioactive dietary compounds
  • food additive

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2752 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Evaluation of Weizmannia coagulans Strain LMG S-31876 Isolated from Fermented Rice for Potential Probiotic Properties, Safety Assessment and Technological Properties
by Madapati Sreenadh, Kallur Ranjith Kumar and Soumitra Nath
Life 2022, 12(9), 1388; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12091388 - 6 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3150
Abstract
Bacillus coagulans, which has been taxonomically reclassified as Weizmannia coagulans, has been the focus of research due to its wide distribution in fermented foods, probiotic properties, and tolerance to extreme environments. The purpose of this study was to characterise putative probiotic [...] Read more.
Bacillus coagulans, which has been taxonomically reclassified as Weizmannia coagulans, has been the focus of research due to its wide distribution in fermented foods, probiotic properties, and tolerance to extreme environments. The purpose of this study was to characterise putative probiotic bacteria in a fermented rice sample, followed by an in vitro screening of presumptive probiotic properties and a safety assessment to ensure their safety for human consumption. The predominant isolate was Gram-positive, rod-shaped, catalase-positive, spore-forming, motile, and facultatively anaerobic. The biochemical test and 16S rDNA sequencing identify the isolate as Weizmannia coagulans strain LMG S-31876. The strain showed significant viability in acidic gastric juice, pancreatin, and bile. The strain showed tolerance to 5% NaCl, and a low-to-moderate percentage of hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation was recorded. It met all safety criteria, including haemolytic activity, DNase activity, antibiotic sensitivity, and growth inhibition of other bacteria. Evaluation of its technological properties showed positive results for amylolytic and lipolytic activities; however, negative results were obtained for proteolytic activity. It could be concluded from the gathered data that W. coagulans strain LMG S-31876 isolated from fermented rice, might serve as a potential functional probiotic food. However, extended follow-up durations and larger-scale trials by assessing the therapeutic effects in managing various clinical gastrointestinal conditions are required to warranty such effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet–Microbiota Interactions in Human Health and Disease)
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Review

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14 pages, 871 KiB  
Review
The Impact of Nutrition, Physical Activity, Beneficial Microbes, and Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Improving Health
by Justine Keathley, Jessica White and Gregor Reid
Life 2023, 13(5), 1124; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13051124 - 2 May 2023
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Abstract
The recognition that microbes are integral to human life has led to studies on how to manipulate them in favor of health outcomes. To date, there has been no conjoint recommendation for the intake of dietary compounds that can complement the ingested organisms [...] Read more.
The recognition that microbes are integral to human life has led to studies on how to manipulate them in favor of health outcomes. To date, there has been no conjoint recommendation for the intake of dietary compounds that can complement the ingested organisms in terms of promoting an improved health outcome. The aim of this review is to discuss how beneficial microbes in the form of probiotics, fermented foods, and donor feces are being used to manage health. In addition, we explore the rationale for selecting beneficial microbial strains and aligning diets to accommodate their propagation in the gut. A pilot clinical trial design is presented to examine the effects of probiotics and exercise in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU); it is the most common inborn error of amino acid metabolism, and it is a complication that requires lifelong dietary intervention. The example design is provided to illustrate the importance of using omics technology to see if the intervention elevates neuroactive biogenic amines in the plasma; increases the abundance of Eubacterium rectale, Coprococcus eutactus, Akkermansia muciniphila, or Butyricicoccus; and increases Escherichia/Shigella in the gut, all as markers of improved health. By emphasizing the combined importance of diet, microbial supplements, and the gut microbiome, we hope that future studies will better align these components, not only to improve outcomes, but also to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet–Microbiota Interactions in Human Health and Disease)
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