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Life
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Aptamers-Based Biosensing, Diagnostics and Treatment
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Aptamers-Based Biosensing, Diagnostics and Treatment

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmaceutical Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 December 2022) | Viewed by 5874

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jine Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
Interests: aptamer; SELEX; MOF; MRI probe; PDT; CTC; aptasensor
Dr. Tian Gao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
Interests: aptamer; SELEX; PD-1; PDL-1; engineered cell; immunotherapy; CTC

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aptamers are single-stranded structured oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA) that are generated by an in vitro selection technique called systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) and can bind to a wide range of targets with high affinity and specificity. Due to their numerous merits, such as high affinity, high specificity, small size, little immunogenicity, stable structures, and ease of chemical modification, aptamers have now been identified as excellent tools for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Furthermore, aptamers can gain more flexibility as cancer targeting tools when conjugated to nanomaterials. On the other hand, the practical applications, such as cancer early detection, immunotherapy, precision medicine and so on, still require the discovery of high-performance aptamers, modified SELEX techniques with high selection efficiency, and more novel and effective strategies to design aptamer-based probes. Therefore, we would like to organize a Special Issue of Life to introduce the latest methods and advances in aptamer SELEX and aptamer-based probes for cancer diagnostics and treatment. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Aptamer SELEX;
  • Aptamer targeted drug delivery;
  • Aptamer-based imaging probes;
  • Aptamer for cancer therapy;
  • Aptamer-based detection of circulating targets;
  • Aptamer modification for cancer diagnosis and therapy;
  • Aptasensors.

Dr. Jine Wang
Dr. Tian Gao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aptamer
  • SELEX
  • cancer diagnosis and therapy
  • PDT
  • immunotherapy
  • biomarker
  • aptamer modification
  • aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials
  • targeted drug delivery
  • Aptasensors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3983 KiB  
Article
The Establishment of a Tobramycin-Responsive Whole-Cell Micro-Biosensor Based on an Artificial Ribozyme Switch
by Zhenzhen Wang, Jiawen Cheng, Guimin Dai, Xiaoqi Sun, Xueli Yin and Yuanyuan Zhang
Life 2023, 13(7), 1553; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13071553 - 13 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1487
Abstract
In this study, a tobramycin concentration-dependent whole-cell micro-biosensor (tob-HHAz) was constructed by fusing a tobramycin aptamer with a hammerhead ribozyme (HHR) from Schistosoma mansoni. The biosensor was obtained by integrating all the modules into one complete RNA sequence, which was easily introduced [...] Read more.
In this study, a tobramycin concentration-dependent whole-cell micro-biosensor (tob-HHAz) was constructed by fusing a tobramycin aptamer with a hammerhead ribozyme (HHR) from Schistosoma mansoni. The biosensor was obtained by integrating all the modules into one complete RNA sequence, which was easily introduced into E. coli without suffering from harsh external environments. Three independent tobramycin-sensitive RNA structures were identified via high-throughput screening in vivo and were further verified in vitro to undergo the desired self-cleavage reaction. The computation prediction of the RNA structure was performed to help analyze the mechanisms of various conformations by performing a qualitative and rapid detection of tobramycin in practical samples; two sensors exhibited high responsiveness to spiked milk, with a detection limit of around 40 nM, which is below the EU’s antibiotic maximum residual level. One of the structures provides a linear range from 30 to 650 nM with a minimum detection limit of 30 nM and showed relatively good selectivity in spiked urine. This study is the first in which in vivo screening was combined with computation analysis to optimize the pivotal structure of sensors. This strategy enables researchers to use artificial ribozyme-based biosensors not only for antibiotic detection but also as a generally applicable method for the further detection of substances in living cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aptamers-Based Biosensing, Diagnostics and Treatment)
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Review

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36 pages, 2475 KiB  
Review
Aptamer-Based Probes for Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment
by Xueqi Hu, Dongdong Zhang, Zheng Zeng, Linjie Huang, Xiahui Lin and Shanni Hong
Life 2022, 12(11), 1937; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111937 - 21 Nov 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3831
Abstract
Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligomers that have the ability to generate unique and diverse tertiary structures that bind to cognate molecules with high specificity. In recent years, aptamer researches have witnessed a huge surge, owing to its unique properties, such as [...] Read more.
Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligomers that have the ability to generate unique and diverse tertiary structures that bind to cognate molecules with high specificity. In recent years, aptamer researches have witnessed a huge surge, owing to its unique properties, such as high specificity and binding affinity, low immunogenicity and toxicity, and simplicity of synthesis with negligible batch-to-batch variation. Aptamers may bind to targets, such as various cancer biomarkers, making them applicable for a wide range of cancer diagnosis and treatment. In cancer diagnostic applications, aptamers are used as molecular probes instead of antibodies. They have the potential to detect various cancer-associated biomarkers. For cancer therapeutic purposes, aptamers can serve as therapeutic or delivery agents. The chemical stabilization and modification strategies for aptamers may expand their serum half-life and shelf life. However, aptamer-based probes for cancer diagnosis and therapy still face several challenges for successful clinical translation. A deeper understanding of nucleic acid chemistry, tissue distribution, and pharmacokinetics is required in the development of aptamer-based probes. This review summarizes their application in cancer diagnostics and treatments based on different localization of target biomarkers, as well as current challenges and future prospects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aptamers-Based Biosensing, Diagnostics and Treatment)
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