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Are We Really What We Eat? Diet and Nutraceutical Interventions...
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Are We Really What We Eat? Diet and Nutraceutical Interventions on Health

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2022) | Viewed by 15626

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Michele D'Angelo

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Guest Editor
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
Interests: neurodegerative disorders; Parkinson’s disease; probiotics; brain repair
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vanessa Castelli

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
Interests: neurodegenerative diseases; neurodegeneration; neurological disorders; Parkinson’s disease; probiotics; neuropathic pain; stem cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aging of western societies is leading to dramatic growth in the prevalence of chronic conditions, threatening the health status and then the sustainability of our healthcare systems, including dementia and age-related disorders. Numerous nutraceutical interventions have been devoted to improving biological outcomes in different conditions, including the use of probiotics, prebiotic symbiotics and polyphenols.

Diet and dietary supplements have shown their potential for neurological disorder prevention or treatment or as adjuvant therapy. Furthermore, substantial improvements have been made in the understating of the underlying biological and molecular mechanisms, such as the relevance of the gut-brain axis.

This Special Issue aims to collect all the research highlighting the new insights into dietary interventions in human diseases. Both reviews and original research articles reporting our progress and current understanding in this field are welcome.

Dr. Michele D'Angelo
Dr. Vanessa Castelli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gut-brain axis
  • neurological disorders
  • aging
  • probiotics
  • polyphenols
  • diet
  • health
  • chronic disease

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 3014 KiB  
Article
Minimal Influence of Cayenne Pepper on the Human Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Intestinal Inflammation in Healthy Adult Humans—A Pilot Study
by Sihan Bu, Wreeti Kar, Robin M. Tucker and Sarah S. Comstock
Life 2022, 12(11), 1849; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111849 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4199
Abstract
Diet impacts human gut microbial composition. Phytochemicals in cayenne pepper (CP), such as capsaicin, have anti-inflammatory properties and alter bacterial growth in vitro. However, the evidence that CP impacts the human microbiota and intestinal inflammation in free-living adults is lacking. Thus, the objective [...] Read more.
Diet impacts human gut microbial composition. Phytochemicals in cayenne pepper (CP), such as capsaicin, have anti-inflammatory properties and alter bacterial growth in vitro. However, the evidence that CP impacts the human microbiota and intestinal inflammation in free-living adults is lacking. Thus, the objective of this randomized cross-over study was to determine the influence of CP on human gut microbiota and intestinal inflammation in vivo. A total of 29 participants were randomly allocated to consume two 250 mL servings of tomato juice plus 1.8 g of CP each day or juice only for 5 days before crossing over to the other study arm. Fecal samples were analyzed. CP reduced Oscillibacter and Phascolarctobacterium but enriched Bifidobacterium and Gp6. When stratified by BMI (body mass index), only the increase in Gp6 was observed in all BMI groups during CP treatment. Stool concentrations of lipocalin-2 and calprotectin were similar regardless of CP treatment. However, lipocalin-2 and calprotectin levels were positively correlated in samples taken after CP consumption. Neither lipocalin-2 nor calprotectin levels were related to gut microbial composition. In conclusion, in healthy adult humans under typical living conditions, consumption of CP minimally influenced the gut microbiota and had little impact on intestinal inflammation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Are We Really What We Eat? Diet and Nutraceutical Interventions on Health)
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Review

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14 pages, 1086 KiB  
Review
Nutraceutical Preventative and Therapeutic Potential in Neuroblastoma: From Pregnancy to Early Childhood
by Maddalena Sbaffone, Marianna Ruggieri, Michela Sebastiano, Andrew Reay Mackay, Veronica Zelli, Antonietta Rosella Farina and Lucia Annamaria Cappabianca
Life 2022, 12(11), 1762; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111762 - 2 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2522
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a highly malignant embryonic extracranial solid tumor that arises from sympathoadrenal neuroblasts of neural crest origin. In addition to genetic factors, NB has been linked to maternal exposure to a variety of substances during pregnancy. Recent interest in the potential [...] Read more.
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a highly malignant embryonic extracranial solid tumor that arises from sympathoadrenal neuroblasts of neural crest origin. In addition to genetic factors, NB has been linked to maternal exposure to a variety of substances during pregnancy. Recent interest in the potential of nutrients to prevent cancer and reduce malignancy has resulted in the identification of several nutraceuticals including resveratrol, curcumin, and molecular components of garlic, which together with certain vitamins may help to prevent NB development. As NBs arise during fetal development and progress during early childhood, specific NB inhibiting nutraceuticals and vitamins could enhance the preventative influence of maternal nutrition and breast feeding on the development and early progression of NB. In this article, we review NB inhibitory nutraceuticals and vitamins, their mechanisms of action and expound their potential as maternal nutritional supplements to reduce NB development and progression during fetal growth and early childhood, whilst at the same time enhancing maternal, fetal, and infant health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Are We Really What We Eat? Diet and Nutraceutical Interventions on Health)
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25 pages, 2066 KiB  
Review
Nutraceuticals for Complementary Treatment of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Perspective from Their Use in COVID-19
by Diego Estrada-Luna, Elizabeth Carreón-Torres, Susana González-Reyes, María Fernanda Martínez-Salazar, María Araceli Ortiz-Rodríguez, Esther Ramírez-Moreno, José Arias-Rico and Angélica Saraí Jiménez-Osorio
Life 2022, 12(10), 1652; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12101652 - 20 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3070
Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has been widely reported in some children diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. Clinical signs of MIS-C are manifested at 2 to 4 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection, where elevated biomarkers of inflammation and cardiac dysfunction are the hallmark of this [...] Read more.
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has been widely reported in some children diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. Clinical signs of MIS-C are manifested at 2 to 4 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection, where elevated biomarkers of inflammation and cardiac dysfunction are the hallmark of this syndrome when infection or exposure to SARS-CoV-2 has been confirmed. However, after two years of acknowledgment, MIS-C treatment is still under research to reach safety and effectiveness in the acute phase in children. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the potential use of natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects to reduce collateral damage caused by hyperinflammation in MIS-C pathology for new research in treatment and interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Are We Really What We Eat? Diet and Nutraceutical Interventions on Health)
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18 pages, 372 KiB  
Review
The Influence of Dietary Supplementations on Neuropathic Pain
by Francesco D’Egidio, Giorgia Lombardozzi, Housem E. Kacem Ben Haj M’Barek, Giada Mastroiacovo, Margherita Alfonsetti and Annamaria Cimini
Life 2022, 12(8), 1125; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12081125 - 27 Jul 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5085
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is defined as pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system and affects 7–10% of the worldwide population. Neuropathic pain can be induced by the use of drugs, including taxanes, thus triggering chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain or as [...] Read more.
Neuropathic pain is defined as pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system and affects 7–10% of the worldwide population. Neuropathic pain can be induced by the use of drugs, including taxanes, thus triggering chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain or as consequence of metabolic disorders such as diabetes. Neuropathic pain is most often a chronic condition, and can be associated with anxiety and depression; thus, it negatively impacts quality of life. Several pharmacologic approaches exist; however, they can lead numerous adverse effects. From this perspective, the use of nutraceuticals and diet supplements can be helpful in relieve neuropathic pain and related symptoms. In this review, we discuss how diet can radically affect peripheral neuropathy, and we focus on the potential approaches to ameliorate this condition, such as the use of numerous nutritional supplements or probiotics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Are We Really What We Eat? Diet and Nutraceutical Interventions on Health)
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