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Lubricants
Special Issues
Fretting Fatigue in Mechanical Joints
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Fretting Fatigue in Mechanical Joints

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 6347

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Dario Croccolo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Interests: mechanical joints; bolted connections; mechanical transmissions; lightweight design; additive manufactured components; fatigue strength
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mattia Mele

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Interests: additive manufacturing; sustainability; mechanical joints; lightweight design; computer-aided engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Giorgio Olmi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Interests: electromechanical coupling mechanisms; pneumatic actuators; numerical and analytical modelling of pneumatic circuits and actuators; experimental design; fault diagnosis, fault tree analysis (FTA); failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA); reliability; friction and wear of thin films; additive manufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fretting occurs when two mating surfaces operate under cycling tangential forces. Consequently, sliding takes place upon the contact area, which triggers significant surface damage. Fretting may be classified based on two effects: (i) surface wear and (ii) fatigue life significant reduction. When the first phenomenon prevails, “fretting wear” takes place. Otherwise, the lifecycle’s drop and the related progressive damage are referenced as “fretting fatigue”.

Press-fitted joints are often affected by fretting fatigue due to the high interfacing load between the shaft and the hub, while relative displacement may be triggered by the bending moment. Well-known applications are in automotive, aircraft, and railway components. Dovetail joints are widely used in aerospace to address blade disk connection and are also widely affected by fretting fatigue. Bolted joints are among the most commonly used joints in every branch of mechanics. Fretting is triggered here by the high normal load at the interface between the connected components and the simultaneous presence of transverse loads or vibrations that promote micro slips.

The present Special Issue deals with the topic of “Fretting Fatigue” involving mechanical joints. The investigated types may range from the aforementioned ones to many other, even unconventional, joining techniques. Both applicative papers dealing with industrial case studies and more theoretical investigations will be accepted. Experimental papers focused on lab testing rigs capable of actually reproducing the fretting phenomenon will be particularly appreciated. The proposal of new materials, new advanced manufacturing processes, and new surface treatments or lubricants reducing wear and improving the fretting fatigue response is also welcome.

Submissions addressing experimental studies, developing numerical or analytical models, and implementing predictive models are encouraged.

Prof. Dr. Dario Croccolo
Dr. Mattia Mele
Dr. Giorgio Olmi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fretting involving press-fitted joints
  • fretting involving dovetail joints
  • fretting involving bolted joints
  • fretting involving any mechanical connection
  • experimental studies on fretting-affected joints
  • testing rigs reproducing fretting in mechanical joints
  • numerical models on fretting
  • analytical models on fretting
  • predictive models on fretting
  • effect of the environment on joints subjected to fretting
  • design strategies related to joints operating under fretting

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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10 pages, 2777 KiB  
Article
Numerical Analysis of Double Riveted Lap Joints
by Paolo Livieri
Lubricants 2023, 11(9), 396; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11090396 - 12 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1070
Abstract
In a previous work, the fatigue behaviour of different hot riveted joints under fatigue loadings were experimentally calculated. In particular, the experimental data showed a Wöhler curve slope close to five against the slope of three proposed by Eurocode 3. However, two series [...] Read more.
In a previous work, the fatigue behaviour of different hot riveted joints under fatigue loadings were experimentally calculated. In particular, the experimental data showed a Wöhler curve slope close to five against the slope of three proposed by Eurocode 3. However, two series of shear splice riveted joints showed, at two million cycles, a stress range very close to the value suggested by Eurocode for shear splices that use non-preloaded high-strength bolts. In order to clarify the fatigue behaviour of riveted joints at high- and medium-fatigue regimes, this paper presents a preliminary three-dimensional non-linear FE analysis of a double-riveted lap joint previously analysed experimentally. Different friction coefficients and rivet clamping stress have been taken Into account, as well as the elastoplastic behaviours of the main plate subjected to tensile loadings. The numerical analysis shows that the friction force tends to reduce the range of stresses at the net section during fatigue loadings, and the force distribution or the stress concentration on the rivets is always critical for the external rivet, which is also the case regarding the non-linear behaviour of the material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fretting Fatigue in Mechanical Joints)
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20 pages, 11407 KiB  
Article
Finite Element Analysis of the Influence of the Assembly Parameters on the Fretting Phenomena at the Bearing/Big End Interface in High-Performance Connecting Rods
by Fabio Renso, Saverio Giulio Barbieri, Valerio Mangeruga and Matteo Giacopini
Lubricants 2023, 11(9), 375; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11090375 - 5 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1387
Abstract
Fretting fatigue is a well-known and dangerous damage mode that occurs on the mating surfaces of mechanical components, mainly promoted by a combination of stress distribution, contact pressure distribution, and relative sliding (micro)motion between the surfaces. However, predicting this mechanism is challenging, necessitating [...] Read more.
Fretting fatigue is a well-known and dangerous damage mode that occurs on the mating surfaces of mechanical components, mainly promoted by a combination of stress distribution, contact pressure distribution, and relative sliding (micro)motion between the surfaces. However, predicting this mechanism is challenging, necessitating specific studies for each assembly due to variable influences. This article presents a methodology for evaluating fretting fatigue damage at the contact between a titanium connecting rod big end and the bearing, adopting the Ruiz parameter as a quantifying damage index. For this purpose, a thermal-structural finite element model is prepared. In particular, the machining and assembly of the split conrod big end are simulated, considering thermal effects. A full engine cycle is first simulated, and results are used for identifying critical instants to be considered for accurate yet computationally efficient calculations. The dependence of fretting fatigue on three factors is studied: bearing crush, bolts tightening torque, and friction coefficient between the big end and the bearing. In summary, the damage increases with a higher crush and friction, while tightening torque has marginal effects. Following a 20% increase in crush height, a corresponding 10% rise in the Ruiz parameter is observed. Conversely, reducing the crush height by 20% leads to an approximately 8% decrease in the Ruiz parameter. When the influence of the bolt preload is taken into account, only a marginal 1% increase of the Ruiz parameter is recorded despite a 30% rise in preload. Evaluating the impact of the friction coefficient on the Ruiz parameter reveals an almost linear relationship. These findings suggest that adjusting the screw preload can enhance the hydrodynamic behavior of the bearing without exacerbating fretting. Furthermore, exploiting the linear correlation between Ruiz and the friction coefficient allows for the generalization of results obtained with specific coefficient values. This methodology can, therefore, serve as a valuable reference for adjusting different variables during the initial design phases of a four-stroke internal combustion engine’s dismountable connecting rod. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fretting Fatigue in Mechanical Joints)
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15 pages, 13033 KiB  
Article
Analyzing the Fretting Fatigue of Bolt Joints by Experiments and Finite Element Analysis
by Robert Szlosarek, Paul Holzmüller and Matthias Kröger
Lubricants 2023, 11(8), 348; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11080348 - 15 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1684
Abstract
The appearance of fretting fatigue cracks in bolted sheets limits their lifetime. Furthermore, repairing these failures requires much effort due to needing to replace the components instead of replacing just the bolt. To prevent such failures, the purpose of this study is to [...] Read more.
The appearance of fretting fatigue cracks in bolted sheets limits their lifetime. Furthermore, repairing these failures requires much effort due to needing to replace the components instead of replacing just the bolt. To prevent such failures, the purpose of this study is to understand the failure mechanism and to identify the major influencing parameters. Therefore, a representative joint of a bolt of size M22 and sheet material were investigated by experiments and a finite element analysis. The experiments were conducted over a wide range of preloads from zero to maximum preload. It turned out that the failure mode changes at 50 kN. For this preload, the influence of the surface and the use of a lubricant was observed. A grinded surface as well as the use of lubricant showed a change in the failure mode. The accompanying simulation showed that an analysis of the stresses delivers no proper explanation for the observed effects in the experiment. Therefore, the contact status was analyzed for various preloads and friction coefficients. The results correlate with the change in the failure mode. The conclusion is that both the stress state and the tribological behavior influence the failure mode and have to be considered in a numerical analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fretting Fatigue in Mechanical Joints)
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8 pages, 2832 KiB  
Technical Note
Edge Changes in Contacts and Joints to Reduce High Localized Shear Traction, Microslip, and Fretting
by Daniel Hess
Lubricants 2023, 11(11), 488; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11110488 - 11 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1385
Abstract
Contacts and joints in structures, mechanisms, and dynamic systems often exhibit high localized interface shear at their edges, leading to edge microslip and fretting wear and fatigue. This introduces complexity, nonlinearity, and multiscale friction phenomena. This paper presents a novel approach to address [...] Read more.
Contacts and joints in structures, mechanisms, and dynamic systems often exhibit high localized interface shear at their edges, leading to edge microslip and fretting wear and fatigue. This introduces complexity, nonlinearity, and multiscale friction phenomena. This paper presents a novel approach to address this issue by introducing geometrical changes near contact edges. Two-dimensional contact models are developed and analyzed using asymptotic, closed-form, and numerical methods to study the effect of edge changes on pressure and shear traction. The results show that geometric changes near contact edges can effectively reduce contact edge shear, thereby inhibiting edge microslip and the resulting fretting wear and fatigue in contacts that occur under dynamic conditions. This approach has implications for reduced complexity in contacts and joints for improved capability in modeling, analysis, and measurement characterization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fretting Fatigue in Mechanical Joints)
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