Therapeutic Potential and Delivery Approaches of Algal Polysaccharides

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 5133

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Faculty of Sciences and Sciences of the Engineer, LBCM Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Chemistry, University of Southern Brittany, Vannes, France
Interests: marine waters; seawater; macroalgae; marine molecules; aqueous extraction; interfacial water; algebraic biology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Marine algae, unlike terrestrial plants, produce sulfated polysaccharides which are the main compounds of their extracellular matrix. For a long time, these complex sugars have been used in particular in the food industry. But these polysaccharides and their derived oligosaccharides produced by blue biotechnology also have promising biological properties such as anti-cancer, antimicrobial, anticoagulant, antioxidant, immunomodulator, etc.

Thus, in a viral pandemic context, different teams evaluated (in vitro) fucoidans extracted from Saccharina japonica to inhibit Covid-19. Some other studies conducted on mouse model suggest that all compounds can be used in nasal sprays, inhalers or oral doses. This is an easier way to deliver a drug, compared to the more technical intraveinous injection. But the mechanisms involved have to be precisely explained and validated.

In addition to their therapeutic potential, sulfated polysaccharides contribute to human health and well-being through nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals. The application fields of sulfated polysaccharides even extend to plant and animal health. Papers allowing advances on these topics are welcome.

The aim of this Special Issue is to present the most recent works on the biomedical applications (including biological activities, mechanisms of action, analysis, extraction) of algal polysaccharides and their delivery approaches.

Dr. Laurent Vandanjon
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Sulfated polysaccharides 
  • Marine algae 
  • Biomedical applications 
  • Cosmetics 
  • Nutraceutics 
  • Drug delivery

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 2573 KiB  
Article
Poly- and Oligosaccharide Ulva sp. Fractions from Enzyme-Assisted Extraction Modulate the Metabolism of Extracellular Matrix in Human Skin Fibroblasts: Potential in Anti-Aging Dermo-Cosmetic Applications
by Mathilde Fournière, Gilles Bedoux, Nicolas Lebonvallet, Raphaël Leschiera, Claudie Le Goff-Pain, Nathalie Bourgougnon and Thomas Latire
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(3), 156; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19030156 - 17 Mar 2021
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 4638
Abstract
Ulva sp. is known to be a source of bioactive compounds such as ulvans, but their biological activity on human dermal fibroblast extracellular matrix (ECM) is poorly reported. In this work, the regulation of ECM has been investigated for the first time at [...] Read more.
Ulva sp. is known to be a source of bioactive compounds such as ulvans, but their biological activity on human dermal fibroblast extracellular matrix (ECM) is poorly reported. In this work, the regulation of ECM has been investigated for the first time at both proteomic and transcriptomic levels in normal human skin dermal fibroblasts, after 48 h of incubation with poly- and oligosaccharide fractions from Ulva sp. obtained after enzyme-assisted extraction and depolymerization. Cell proliferation enhancement (up to +68%) without exhibiting any cytotoxic effect on fibroblasts was demonstrated at 50 and 1000 µg/mL by both fractions. At the proteomic level, polysaccharide fractions at 1000 µg/mL enhanced the most the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs, up to +57%), total collagen, especially types I (up to +217%) and III, as well as the synthesis and activity of MMP-1 (Matrix Metalloproteinase-1, up to +309%). In contrast, oligosaccharide fractions had no effect on GAGs synthesis but exhibited similarities for collagens and MMP-1 regulation. At the transcriptomic level, the decrease of COL1A1 and COL1A2 expression, and increase of COL3A1 and MMP-1 expression, confirmed the modulation of ECM metabolism by both fractions. Our research emphasizes that poly- and oligosaccharide Ulva sp. fractions exhibit interesting biological activities and supports their potential use in the area of skin renewal for anti-aging dermo-cosmetic applications. Full article
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