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Advances in Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Diamonds and Their...
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Advances in Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Diamonds and Their Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Carbon Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2023) | Viewed by 3936

Special Issue Editor

Dr. He Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
Interests: diamond preparation and applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diamond is an allotrope of carbon and has attracted much researcher attention due to its physical and chemical properties. Nanocrystalline diamond is a type of carbon material, typically formed via the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, which displays outstanding properties, such as low self-friction coefficient, high wear and corrosion resistance, super hardness, bio-tolerance, and high thermal conductivity. Therefore, nanocrystalline diamond has great potential applications in cutting tools, mechanical seals, biomaterials, sensors, and thermal spread substrates.

Recent evidence has indicated that the properties of nanocrystalline diamond are related to its grain size. Hence, it is important to develop new preparation approaches to obtain diamond products with about 5 nm or lower grain size. This finding introduces a significant challenge for researchers to develop new machining and characterization methods.

In this Special Issue, recent advances in nanocrystalline diamonds, including bulk material or thin film preparation, machining, characterization, and applications, will be highlighted and discussed.

It is my pleasure to invite you to submit your research to this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Prof. Dr. He Li
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanocrystalline diamond preparation tools
  • nanocrystalline diamond preparation approaches
  • nanocrystalline diamond machining tools and methods
  • nanocrystalline diamond characterization methods
  • nanocrystalline diamond potential or practical applications

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 8381 KiB  
Article
Dry Friction Properties of Diamond-Coated Silicon Carbide
by Yuefeng Du, Fangmin Xie, Jian Wang, Bin Xu, Huanyi Chen, Bineng Yan, Yanjiao Wu, Weifeng Huang and He Li
Materials 2023, 16(10), 3640; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16103640 - 10 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1718
Abstract
Dry friction between seal faces, caused by unstable or extreme operating conditions, significantly affects the running stability and service life of mechanical seals. Therefore, in this work, nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) coatings were prepared on the surface of silicon carbide (SiC) seal rings by [...] Read more.
Dry friction between seal faces, caused by unstable or extreme operating conditions, significantly affects the running stability and service life of mechanical seals. Therefore, in this work, nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) coatings were prepared on the surface of silicon carbide (SiC) seal rings by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). The friction test results under dry environment reveals that the coefficient of friction (COF) of SiC–NCD seal pairs is about 0.07–0.09, which were reduced by 83–86% compared to SiC–SiC seal pairs. The wear rate of SiC–NCD seal pairs is relatively low, ranging from 1.13 × 10−7 mm3/N·m to 3.26 × 10−7 mm3/N·m under different test conditions, which is due to the fact that the NCD coatings prevent adhesive and abrasive wear between the SiC seal rings. The analysis and observation of the wear tracks illustrate that the excellent tribological performance of the SiC–NCD seal pairs is due to a self-lubricating amorphous layer formed on the worn surface. In conclusion, this work highlights a pathway to enable mechanical seals to satisfy the high application requirements under highly parametric working conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Diamonds and Their Applications)
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9 pages, 2153 KiB  
Article
Fluorine-Terminated Polycrystalline Diamond Solution-Gate Field-Effect Transistor Sensor with Smaller Amount of Unexpectedly Generated Fluorocarbon Film Fabricated by Fluorine Gas Treatment
by Yukihiro Shintani and Hiroshi Kawarada
Materials 2022, 15(9), 2966; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15092966 - 19 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1986
Abstract
In this study, a partially fluorine-terminated solution-gate field-effect transistor sensor with a smaller amount of unexpectedly generated fluorohydrocarbon film on a polycrystalline diamond channel is described. A conventional method utilizing inductively coupled plasma with fluorocarbon gas leads the hydrogen-terminated diamond to transfer to [...] Read more.
In this study, a partially fluorine-terminated solution-gate field-effect transistor sensor with a smaller amount of unexpectedly generated fluorohydrocarbon film on a polycrystalline diamond channel is described. A conventional method utilizing inductively coupled plasma with fluorocarbon gas leads the hydrogen-terminated diamond to transfer to a partially fluorine-terminated diamond (C–F diamond); an unexpected fluorohydrocarbon film is formed on the surface of the diamond. To overcome this issue, we newly applied fluorine gas for the fluoridation of the diamond. Analytical results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry suggest that the fluorocarbon film does not exist or only a smaller amount of fluorocarbon film exists on the diamond surface. Conversely, the C–F diamond fabricated by the conventional method of inductively coupled plasma with a perfluoropropane gas (C3F8 gas) source possesses a certain amount of fluorocarbon film on its surface. The C–F diamond with a smaller amount of unexpectedly generated fluorohydrocarbon film possesses nearly ideal drain–source–voltage vs. gate–source–current characteristics, corresponding to metal–oxide–silicon semiconductor field-effect transistor theory. The results indicate that the fluorine gas (F2 gas) treatment proposed in this study effectively fabricates a C–F diamond sensor without unexpected semiconductor damage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Diamonds and Their Applications)
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Review

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21 pages, 3548 KiB  
Review
Application of Nano-Crystalline Diamond in Tribology
by Yue Xia, Yunxiang Lu, Guoyong Yang, Chengke Chen, Xiaojun Hu, Hui Song, Lifen Deng, Yuezhong Wang, Jian Yi and Bo Wang
Materials 2023, 16(7), 2710; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072710 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2728
Abstract
Nano-crystalline diamond has been extensively researched and applied in the fields of tribology, optics, quantum information and biomedicine. In virtue of its hardness, the highest in natural materials, diamond outperforms the other materials in terms of wear resistance. Compared to traditional single-crystalline and [...] Read more.
Nano-crystalline diamond has been extensively researched and applied in the fields of tribology, optics, quantum information and biomedicine. In virtue of its hardness, the highest in natural materials, diamond outperforms the other materials in terms of wear resistance. Compared to traditional single-crystalline and poly-crystalline diamonds, nano-crystalline diamond consists of disordered grains and thus possesses good toughness and self-sharpening. These merits render nano-crystalline diamonds to have great potential in tribology. Moreover, the re-nucleation of nano-crystalline diamond during preparation is beneficial to decreasing surface roughness due to its ultrafine grain size. Nano-crystalline diamond coatings can have a friction coefficient as low as single-crystal diamonds. This article briefly introduces the approaches to preparing nano-crystalline diamond materials and summarizes their applications in the field of tribology. Firstly, nano-crystalline diamond powders can be used as additives in both oil- and water-based lubricants to significantly enhance their anti-wear property. Nano-crystalline diamond coatings can also act as self-lubricating films when they are deposited on different substrates, exhibiting excellent performance in friction reduction and wear resistance. In addition, the research works related to the tribological applications of nano-crystalline diamond composites have also been reviewed in this paper. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Diamonds and Their Applications)
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