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Materials for Dentistry: Biofunctional Properties and Their Improvement
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Materials for Dentistry: Biofunctional Properties and Their Improvement

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 5668

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Grzegorz Chladek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Materials Research, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Interests: dental materials; biomaterials; polymers; composites; antimicrobial materials; nanomaterials; mechanical properties; denture; implants; dental caries
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Monika Lukomska-Szymanska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92213 Lodz, Poland
Interests: bruxism; masticatory muscles; personality; coping mechanisms; diagnostics; treatment; dental materials; dental instruments; antimicrobial properties; chemical properties; mechanical properties
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diseases related to the functioning of the stomatognathic system constitute a considerable public health challenge. In many countries, their prevalence and the use of engineering materials for their treatment encompass nearly 100% of the population, and on a global scale, their occurrence has been continuously increasing for decades. Currently, doctors use many different polymers, metals, ceramics and composites as prosthetic, restorative, regenerative, auxiliary, implantation and surgical materials.

The dynamic progress in this field, aimed at the continuous improvement of biofunctional properties, focuses on enriching knowledge about the interaction of such materials with the human body and developing new/modified materials using interdisciplinary knowledge of materials science, nanotechnology, chemistry, microbiology, immunology, surface engineering and processing technology.

Despite this significant progress, further experimental research is necessary to develop new and improved solutions, and independent research must be carried out on commercially available materials to verify their properties from the point of view of clinical practice and science. For this purpose, we invite authors to submit original research articles and reviews related to any of the topics mentioned above.

Prof. Dr. Grzegorz Chladek
Prof. Dr. Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dental materials
  • orthodontic materials
  • maxillofacial surgery materials
  • prosthetic materials
  • restorative materials
  • mouthguards
  • biomaterials
  • polymers
  • composites
  • metals and metal alloys
  • ceramics
  • cements
  • surface modifications
  • antimicrobial properties
  • biological properties
  • cytotoxicity
  • mechanical properties
  • functional properties
  • aesthetic properties
  • fatigue
  • wear
  • oral environment
  • nanomaterials
  • biofilm
  • materials technologies
  • additive technologies
  • CAD/CAM technologies
  • 3D printing

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1462 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Flexural Strength and Wear of Injectable, Flowable and Paste Composite Resins
by Hadi Rajabi, Michael Denny, Kostas Karagiannopoulos and Haralampos Petridis
Materials 2024, 17(19), 4749; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17194749 - 27 Sep 2024
Viewed by 781
Abstract
(1) Objectives: This study investigated and compared the wear and flexural strength of two highly filled (injectable), one flowable and one paste composite. (2) Methods: Two highly filled flowable composites (G-aenial Universal Injectable and Beautifil Plus F00), a paste composite (Empress Direct) and [...] Read more.
(1) Objectives: This study investigated and compared the wear and flexural strength of two highly filled (injectable), one flowable and one paste composite. (2) Methods: Two highly filled flowable composites (G-aenial Universal Injectable and Beautifil Plus F00), a paste composite (Empress Direct) and a conventional flowable (Tetric EvoFlow) were tested. A two-body wear test was carried out using 10 disc-shaped samples from each group, which were subjected to 200,000 wear machine cycles to simulate wear, followed by Scanning Electron Microscope analysis. Flexural strength was tested using a three-point bend test using 15 beam samples for each of the four groups. Values were statistically compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for flexural strength and a Kruskal–Wallis test for wear. (3) Results: The median volume loss for G-aenial Universal Injectable and Beautifil Plus F00 was statistically lower than that of both Empress Direct and Tetric EvoFlow. For flexural strength the two highly filled flowable composites both exhibited statistically higher mean flexural strength values compared to Empress Direct (p < 0.004) and Tetric Evoflow (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the values of wear and flexural strength between the two highly filled flowable composites. (4) Conclusions/significance: Highly filled flowable composite resins with nano filler particles outperformed a conventional flowable and a paste composite resin in terms of wear resistance and flexural strength, and may be suitable to use in occlusal, load-bearing areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Dentistry: Biofunctional Properties and Their Improvement)
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13 pages, 2269 KiB  
Article
Antifungal Effect of Poly(methyl methacrylate) with Farnesol and Undecylenic Acid against Candida albicans Biofilm Formation
by Milica Išljamović, Debora Bonvin, Milena Milojević, Simona Stojanović, Milan Spasić, Branislava Stojković, Predrag Janošević, Suzana Otašević and Marijana Mionić Ebersold
Materials 2024, 17(16), 3936; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17163936 - 8 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1017
Abstract
The control of Candida albicans biofilm formation on dentures made of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is an important challenge due to the high resistance to antifungal drugs. Interestingly, the natural compounds undecylenic acid (UDA) and farnesol (FAR) both prevent C. albicans biofilm formation and [...] Read more.
The control of Candida albicans biofilm formation on dentures made of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is an important challenge due to the high resistance to antifungal drugs. Interestingly, the natural compounds undecylenic acid (UDA) and farnesol (FAR) both prevent C. albicans biofilm formation and could have a synergetic effect. We therefore modified PMMA with a combination of UDA and FAR (UDA+FAR), aiming to obtain the antifungal PMMA_UDA+FAR composites. Equal concentrations of FAR and UDA were added to PMMA to reach 3%, 6%, and 9% in total of both compounds in composites. The physico-chemical properties of the composites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and water contact angle measurement. The antifungal activity of the composites was tested on both biofilm and planktonic cells with an XTT test 0 and 6 days after the composites’ preparation. The effect of the UDA+FAR combination on C. albicans filamentation was studied in agar containing 0.0125% and 0.4% UDA+FAR after 24 h and 48 h of incubation. The results showed the presence of UDA and FAR on the composite and decreases in the water contact angle and metabolic activity of both the biofilm and planktonic cells at both time points at non-toxic UDA+FAR concentrations. Thus, the modification of PMMA with a combination of UDA+FAR reduces C. albicans biofilm formation on dentures and could be a promising anti-Candida strategy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Dentistry: Biofunctional Properties and Their Improvement)
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10 pages, 1180 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Absorbable and Non-Absorbable Multifilament Suture Materials in Terms of Strength Changes Using Chlorhexidine Mouthwash and Thermal Cycling: An In Vitro Study
by Ahmet Aktı, Ziya Ozan Cengiz, Gökhan Gürses and Hakan Serin
Materials 2024, 17(15), 3862; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153862 - 4 Aug 2024
Viewed by 917
Abstract
Sutures are natural or synthetic biomaterials utilized to hold tissues together. Following oral surgery, the surgical site and sutures are physically affected by many different factors. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of artificial saliva (AS) and chlorhexidine mouthwash on the [...] Read more.
Sutures are natural or synthetic biomaterials utilized to hold tissues together. Following oral surgery, the surgical site and sutures are physically affected by many different factors. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of artificial saliva (AS) and chlorhexidine mouthwash on the tensile strength of absorbable multifilament PGLA (polyglycolide-co-l-lactide) and non-absorbable multifilament silk sutures. PGLA and silk sutures, which are commonly used in oral surgery, were used to evaluate the change in strength of the sutures. A total of 352 suture samples were divided into eight equal groups (n = 44) and used for the experiments. Tensile strength was tested on days 0, 3, 7, and 14. For the silk sutures, there was a significant decrease in tensile strength in all groups at time T3 compared to T0, T1, and T2, and at times T1 and T2 compared to T0. For PGLA sutures, there was a significant decrease in all groups at time T3 compared to T0, T1, and T2. This study shows that chlorhexidine mouthwash significantly reduces suture resistance for 14 days after surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Dentistry: Biofunctional Properties and Their Improvement)
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24 pages, 32994 KiB  
Article
A Temporary Acrylic Soft Denture Lining Material Enriched with Silver-Releasing Filler-Cytotoxicity, Mechanical and Antifungal Properties
by Grzegorz Chladek, Igor Kalamarz, Wojciech Pakieła, Izabela Barszczewska-Rybarek, Zenon Czuba and Anna Mertas
Materials 2024, 17(4), 902; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17040902 - 15 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1175
Abstract
Colonization of temporary denture soft linings and underlying tissues by yeast-like fungi is an important clinical problem due to the negative influence on the process of prosthetic treatment. Typical hygienic procedures are often insufficient to prevent fungal infections, so in this study, an [...] Read more.
Colonization of temporary denture soft linings and underlying tissues by yeast-like fungi is an important clinical problem due to the negative influence on the process of prosthetic treatment. Typical hygienic procedures are often insufficient to prevent fungal infections, so in this study, an antimicrobial filler (silver sodium hydrogen zirconium phosphate) was introduced into acrylic soft liner at concentrations of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% (w/w). The effect of this modification on antifungal properties against Candida albicans, cytotoxicity, Shore A hardness, tensile strength and tensile bond strength, sorption and solubility was investigated, considering the recommended 30-day period of temporary soft lining use. The most favorable compilation of properties was obtained at a 1 to 6% filler content, for which nearly a total reduction in Candida albicans was registered even after 30 days of sample storing. The tensile and bond strength of these composites was at the desired and stable level and did not differ from the results for the control material. Hardness increased with the increasing concentration in filler but were within the range typical for soft lining materials and their changes during the experiment were similar to the control material. The materials were not cytotoxic and sorption and solubility levels were stable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Dentistry: Biofunctional Properties and Their Improvement)
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Review

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19 pages, 1255 KiB  
Review
Bonding Efficiency between Artificial Teeth and Denture Base in CAD/CAM and Conventional Complete Removable Dentures
by Mariya Dimitrova, Angelina Vlahova, Ilian Hristov and Rada Kazakova
Materials 2024, 17(13), 3138; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17133138 - 27 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1163
Abstract
A common challenge encountered with both traditional and digitally produced dentures involves the extraction of artificial teeth from the denture base. This narrative review seeks to present an updated perspective on the adherence of synthetic teeth for denture base materials, employing diverse methods. [...] Read more.
A common challenge encountered with both traditional and digitally produced dentures involves the extraction of artificial teeth from the denture base. This narrative review seeks to present an updated perspective on the adherence of synthetic teeth for denture base materials, employing diverse methods. Dental technicians often employ chemical approaches and mechanical techniques (including abrasion, laser treatment, and abrasive blasting) to augment the retention of denture teeth. However, the efficacy of these treatments remains uncertain. In certain instances, specific combinations of Denture Base Resin (DBR) materials and artificial teeth exhibit improved performance in conventional heat-cured dentures following these treatments. The primary reasons for failure are attributed to material incompatibility and inadequate copolymerization. As new denture fabrication techniques and materials continue to emerge, further research is imperative to identify optimal tooth-DBR combinations. Notably, 3D-printed tooth–DBR combinations have demonstrated reduced bond strength and less favorable failure patterns, while utilizing milled and traditional combinations appears to be a more prudent choice until advancements in additive manufacturing enhance the reliability of 3D-printing methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Dentistry: Biofunctional Properties and Their Improvement)
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