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Recent Advances in Hydrogen Storage Materials
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Recent Advances in Hydrogen Storage Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2012) | Viewed by 30876

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Andrew J. Goudy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA
Interests: hydrogen storage in metal hydrides; complex hydrides; carbon-based materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Finding safe convenient ways to store hydrogen is perhaps the single most challenging problem facing the hydrogen economy. The ideal hydrogen storage material must have high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen capacities, thermodynamic properties which allow for hydrogen sorption at moderate temperatures and relatively rapid kinetics. To date, no solid state material has been identified that meets all these criteria. This special issue of “Materials” will be devoted recent advances in all areas of hydrogen storage research including metal hydrides, complex hydrides and carbon based materials. It will provide scientists from around the world with a mechanism for the exchange of ideas and the dissemination of knowledge in this field.

Prof. Dr. Andrew J. Goudy
Guest Editor

Keywords

  • hydrogen absorbing materials
  • metal hydrides
  • complex hydrides
  • chemical hydrides
  • borohydrides
  • alanates
  • amides
  • metal organic frameworks
  • organic scaffolds
  • carbon aerogels
  • alanes
  • nanostructured materials

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

958 KiB  
Article
Study of Morphological Changes in MgH2 Destabilized LiBH4 Systems Using Computed X-ray Microtomography
by Tabbetha Dobbins, Shathabish NaraseGowda and Leslie G. Butler
Materials 2012, 5(10), 1740-1751; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma5101740 - 26 Sep 2012
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5830
Abstract
The objective of this study was to apply three-dimensional x-ray microtomographic imaging to understanding morphologies in the diphasic destabilized hydride system: MgH2 and LiBH4. Each of the single phase hydrides as well as two-phase mixtures at LiBH4:MgH2 [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to apply three-dimensional x-ray microtomographic imaging to understanding morphologies in the diphasic destabilized hydride system: MgH2 and LiBH4. Each of the single phase hydrides as well as two-phase mixtures at LiBH4:MgH2 ratios of 1:3, 1:1, and 2:1 were prepared by high energy ball milling for 5 minutes (with and without 4 mol % TiCl3 catalyst additions). Samples were imaged using computed microtomography in order to (i) establish measurement conditions leading to maximum absorption contrast between the two phases and (ii) determine interfacial volume. The optimal energy for measurement was determined to be 15 keV (having 18% transmission for the MgH2 phase and above 90% transmission for the LiBH4 phase). This work also focused on the determination of interfacial volume. Results showed that interfacial volume for each of the single phase systems, LiBH4 and MgH2, did not change much with catalysis using 4 mol % TiCl3. However, for the mixed composite system, interphase boundary volume was always higher in the catalyzed system; increasing from 15% to 33% in the 1:3 system, from 11% to 20% in the 1:1 system, and 2% to 14% in the 2:1 system. The parameters studied are expected to govern mass transport (i.e., diffusion) and ultimately lead to microstructure-based improvements on H2 desorption and uptake rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Hydrogen Storage Materials)
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521 KiB  
Article
Chemical Bonding of AlH3 Hydride by Al-L2,3 Electron Energy-Loss Spectra and First-Principles Calculations
by Kazuyoshi Tatsumi, Shunsuke Muto, Kazutaka Ikeda and Shin-Ichi Orimo
Materials 2012, 5(4), 566-574; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma5040566 - 30 Mar 2012
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 7626
Abstract
In a previous study, we used transmission electron microscopy and electron energy-loss (EEL) spectroscopy to investigate dehydrogenation of AlH3 particles. In the present study, we systematically examine differences in the chemical bonding states of Al-containing compounds (including AlH3) by comparing [...] Read more.
In a previous study, we used transmission electron microscopy and electron energy-loss (EEL) spectroscopy to investigate dehydrogenation of AlH3 particles. In the present study, we systematically examine differences in the chemical bonding states of Al-containing compounds (including AlH3) by comparing their Al-L2,3 EEL spectra. The spectral chemical shift and the fine peak structure of the spectra were consistent with the degree of covalent bonding of Al. This finding will be useful for future nanoscale analysis of AlH3 dehydrogenation toward the cell. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Hydrogen Storage Materials)
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386 KiB  
Article
Molecular Beam-Thermal Desorption Spectrometry (MB-TDS) Monitoring of Hydrogen Desorbed from Storage Fuel Cell Anodes
by Rui F. M. Lobo, Diogo M. F. Santos, Cesar A. C. Sequeira and Jorge H. F. Ribeiro
Materials 2012, 5(2), 248-257; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma5020248 - 6 Feb 2012
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 6654
Abstract
Different types of experimental studies are performed using the hydrogen storage alloy (HSA) MlNi3.6Co0.85Al0.3Mn0.3 (Ml: La-rich mischmetal), chemically surface treated, as the anode active material for application in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The [...] Read more.
Different types of experimental studies are performed using the hydrogen storage alloy (HSA) MlNi3.6Co0.85Al0.3Mn0.3 (Ml: La-rich mischmetal), chemically surface treated, as the anode active material for application in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The recently developed molecular beam—thermal desorption spectrometry (MB-TDS) technique is here reported for detecting the electrochemical hydrogen uptake and release by the treated HSA. The MB-TDS allows an accurate determination of the hydrogen mass absorbed into the hydrogen storage alloy (HSA), and has significant advantages in comparison with the conventional TDS method. Experimental data has revealed that the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) using such chemically treated alloy presents an enhanced surface capability for hydrogen adsorption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Hydrogen Storage Materials)
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Graphical abstract

992 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Hydrogen Storage Kinetics of Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Mg2Ni-type Alloy by Melt Spinning
by Yang-Huan Zhang, Bao-Wei Li, Hui-Ping Ren, Xia Li, Yan Qi and Dong-Liang Zhao
Materials 2011, 4(1), 274-287; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma4010274 - 18 Jan 2011
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 10044
Abstract
Mg2Ni-type Mg2Ni1−xCox (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) alloys were fabricated by melt spinning technique. The structures of the as-spun alloys were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The hydrogen absorption [...] Read more.
Mg2Ni-type Mg2Ni1−xCox (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) alloys were fabricated by melt spinning technique. The structures of the as-spun alloys were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics of the alloys were measured by an automatically controlled Sieverts apparatus. The electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of the as-spun alloys was tested by an automatic galvanostatic system. The results show that the as-spun (x = 0.1) alloy exhibits a typical nanocrystalline structure, while the as-spun (x = 0.4) alloy displays a nanocrystalline and amorphous structure, confirming that the substitution of Co for Ni notably intensifies the glass forming ability of the Mg2Ni-type alloy. The melt spinning treatment notably improves the hydriding and dehydriding kinetics as well as the high rate discharge ability (HRD) of the alloys. With an increase in the spinning rate from 0 (as-cast is defined as spinning rate of 0 m/s) to 30 m/s, the hydrogen absorption saturation ratio () of the (x = 0.4) alloy increases from 77.1 to 93.5%, the hydrogen desorption ratio () from 54.5 to 70.2%, the hydrogen diffusion coefficient (D) from 0.75 × 10−11 to 3.88 × 10−11 cm2/s and the limiting current density IL from 150.9 to 887.4 mA/g. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Hydrogen Storage Materials)
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