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Future Trends of Micro and Nanocomposites in Dentistry

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 4852

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Interests: dental composite; polymer; surface science; dentin; bioactive
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Interests: dental materials; ceramics; composites

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last decade or so, resin composites have emerged as the undisputed choice for direct dental restorations. Despite this, they still face significant challenges in optimising their properties. These can undermine their clinical longevity. Research on these materials has expanded substantially, and the topic now covers, apart from traditional resin composites, specific areas such as antimicrobial resin composites, bioactive materials, and self-healing formulations. A plethora of techniques is now routinely used in dental biomaterials, including spectroscopic techniques, such as FTIR, AFM, XPS, DSC and coupled with imaging techniques such as micro-CT, SEM, TEM, and various analytical techniques, such as HPLC and gas chromatography. All of these are always supported by a range of mechanical properties emphasizing the fatigue of materials and adopting a more forensic approach with techniques such as fractography.

In this Special Issue, we aim to gather a selection of papers covering all aspects of dental micro- and nanocomposite materials. Some of the key areas will be nanoparticles, in particular their synthesis and incorporation in novel formulation of resin composites. Additionally, the issue will include antibacterial composites, emphasizing the biological aspect of either matrix or nanoparticles. This also applies to CAD/CAM composites that are increasing in popularity.

More speculative areas that have attracted a lot of attention recently such as nanocoatings and biomineralization are also welcome.

Prof. Dr. Nikolaos Silikas
Prof. Paulo Francısco Cesar
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nanocomposites
  • nanoparticles
  • bulk fill
  • CAD/CAM composites
  • nanocoating
  • matrix
  • antibacterial

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1955 KiB  
Article
Assessing Fracture Toughness and Impact Strength of PMMA Reinforced with Nano-Particles and Fibre as Advanced Denture Base Materials
by Abdulaziz Alhotan, Julian Yates, Saleh Zidan, Julfikar Haider and Nikolaos Silikas
Materials 2021, 14(15), 4127; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14154127 - 24 Jul 2021
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 4083
Abstract
Statement of Problem: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture resins commonly fracture as a result of the denture being dropped or when in use due to heavy occlusal forces. Purpose: To investigate the effects of E-glass fibre, ZrO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles at [...] Read more.
Statement of Problem: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture resins commonly fracture as a result of the denture being dropped or when in use due to heavy occlusal forces. Purpose: To investigate the effects of E-glass fibre, ZrO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles at different concentrations on the fracture toughness and impact strength of PMMA denture base. Materials and Methods: To evaluate fracture toughness (dimensions: 40 × 8 × 4 mm3; n = 10/group) and impact strength (dimensions: 80 × 10 × 4 mm3; n = 12/group), 286 rectangular tested specimens were prepared and divided into four groups. Group C consisted of the PMMA specimens without any filler (control group), while the specimens in the remaining three groups varied according to the concentration of three filler materials by weight of PMMA resin: 1.5%, 3%, 5%, and 7%. Three-point bending and Charpy impact tests were conducted to measure the fracture toughness and impact strength respectively. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was utilised to examine the fractured surfaces of the specimens after the fracture toughness test. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey post-hoc tests were employed to analyse the results at a p ≤ 0.05 significance level. Results: Fracture toughness of groups with 1.5 and 3 wt.% ZrO2, 1.5 wt.% TiO2, and all E-glass fibre concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control group. The samples reinforced with 3 wt.% ZrO2 exhibited the highest fracture toughness. Those reinforced with a 3 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 7 wt.% of E-glass fibres had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher impact strength than the specimens in the control group. The heat-cured PMMA modified with either ZrO2 or TiO2 nanoparticles did not exhibit a statistically significant difference in impact strength (p > 0.05) in comparison to the control group. Conclusions: 1.5 wt.%, 3 wt.% of ZrO2; 1.5 wt.% ratios of TiO2; and 1.5 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 7 wt.% of E-glass fibre can effectively enhance the fracture toughness of PMMA. The inclusion of E-glass fibres does significantly improve impact strength, while ZrO2 or TiO2 nanoparticles did not. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Future Trends of Micro and Nanocomposites in Dentistry)
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