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Soft Magnetic Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications
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Soft Magnetic Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Smart Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 14871

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Roman Szewczyk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Mechatronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
Interests: smart materials; tunable properties of materials; functional materials; self-healing materials; tribology; soft robotics; materials for sensors; materials for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC); ferro-, ferri-, and superparamagnetic materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soft magnetic materials are the key materials for determining technological development. Especially recently, with the increasing pressure of transformation towards electric cars, Industry 4.0, or digital age technologies, soft magnetic material plays a significant role as critical element of power conversion devices. As a result, a deep knowledge about soft magnetic materials is more important now, than ever in the history of human technical civilization.

Soft magnetic materials have been intensively developed for the last two hundred years. From ultra-soft Mn–Zn ferrites, electrical steels and permalloys, across amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys, and powders, to bulk amorphous alloys and nanosystems, the development of soft magnetics gave the fresh impetus for the development of electric, electronic, and mechatronic devices.

This Special Issue is focused on the synthesis, characterization, and development of new applications utilizing soft magnetic materials. This covers both macro- and micro-scale materials and devices, as well as advancements in the production, measuring techniques, modelling, and understanding of the physical phenomena connected with different aspects of the magnetic hysteresis loop of soft magnetic materials.

Assoc. Prof. Roman Szewczyk
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • soft magnetic materials
  • magnetic hysteresis loop

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3475 KiB  
Article
Anisotropic Vector Hysteresis Simulation of Soft Magnetic Composite Materials Based on a Hybrid Algorithm of PSO–Powell
by Xiaojun Zhao, Huawei Xu, Zhenbin Du, Yongjian Li, Lanrong Liu and Zhigang Zhao
Materials 2020, 13(14), 3138; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13143138 - 14 Jul 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1895
Abstract
To simulate the anisotropic hysteresis characteristics of soft magnetic composite (SMC) materials accurately, an improved vector hysteresis model was proposed and utilized to adjust the shape of hysteresis curves by introducing two parameters. These two parameters are correlated with the amplitude of the [...] Read more.
To simulate the anisotropic hysteresis characteristics of soft magnetic composite (SMC) materials accurately, an improved vector hysteresis model was proposed and utilized to adjust the shape of hysteresis curves by introducing two parameters. These two parameters are correlated with the amplitude of the vector Everett function and the projection of magnetic flux density along different directions. An experimental platform was built to measure the two-dimensional (2-D) magnetic properties of the SMC material under rotational magnetizations. The scalar and vector Everett functions were constructed by the measured limiting hysteresis loops. A hybrid optimization strategy based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Powell technique was proposed to identify the parameters of the improved model efficiently and precisely, which significantly improved the local optimization ability of the PSO algorithm. The simulated results strongly agree with the measured ones, and thus the effectiveness of the improved vector model and the parameter identification method proposed in this paper was verified. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soft Magnetic Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications)
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12 pages, 4961 KiB  
Article
Investigating the Effect of Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles on the Thermomechanical, Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites
by Aikaterini Sanida, Sotirios G. Stavropoulos, Thanassis Speliotis and Georgios C. Psarras
Materials 2019, 12(18), 3015; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12183015 - 17 Sep 2019
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 2928
Abstract
In this study nanocomposites consisting of an epoxy resin and ceramic zinc ferrite nanoparticles have been successfully developed and investigated morphologically and structurally by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. The thermal properties of the nanocomposites were [...] Read more.
In this study nanocomposites consisting of an epoxy resin and ceramic zinc ferrite nanoparticles have been successfully developed and investigated morphologically and structurally by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. The thermal properties of the nanocomposites were studied via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermomechanical characterization of the fabricated nanocomposites was studied via dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and the magneto-dielectric response was assessed by means of a broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) and by employing a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. Data analysis demonstrates that the incorporation of nanoinclusions into the matrix improves both the thermomechanical and the dielectric properties of the systems, as indicated by the increase of the storage modulus, the real part of dielectric permittivity and conductivity values with filler content, while at the same time induces magnetic properties into the matrix. Zinc ferrite nanoparticles and their respective nanocomposites exhibit superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature. Three relaxations were recorded in the dielectric spectra of all systems; originating from the filler and the polymer matrix, namely interfacial polarization, glass to rubber transition of the polymer matrix and the reorientation of small polar side groups of the polymer chain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soft Magnetic Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications)
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15 pages, 10093 KiB  
Article
Improving the Magnetic Properties of Non-Oriented Electrical Steels by Secondary Recrystallization Using Dynamic Heating Conditions
by Ivan Petryshynets, František Kováč, Branislav Petrov, Ladislav Falat and Viktor Puchý
Materials 2019, 12(12), 1914; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12121914 - 13 Jun 2019
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4619
Abstract
In the present work, we have used unconventional short-term secondary recrystallization heat treatment employing extraordinary high heating rate to develop coarse-grained microstructure with enhanced intensity of rotating cube texture {100}<011> in semi-finish vacuum degassed non-oriented electrical steels. The soft magnetic properties were improved [...] Read more.
In the present work, we have used unconventional short-term secondary recrystallization heat treatment employing extraordinary high heating rate to develop coarse-grained microstructure with enhanced intensity of rotating cube texture {100}<011> in semi-finish vacuum degassed non-oriented electrical steels. The soft magnetic properties were improved through the increase of grains size with favourable cube crystallographic orientation. The appropriate final textural state of the treated experimental steels was achieved by strain-induced grain boundary migration mechanism, activated by gradient of accumulated stored deformation energy between neighbouring grains after the application of soft cold work, combined with steep temperature gradient during subsequent heat treatment under dynamic heating conditions. The materials in our experimentally prepared material states were mounted on the stator and rotor segments of electrical motors and examined for their efficiency in real operational conditions. Moreover, conventionally long-term heat treated materials, prepared in industrial conditions, were also tested for reference. The results show that the electrical motor containing the segments treated by our innovative approach, exhibits more than 1.2% higher efficiency, compared to the motor containing conventionally heat treated materials. The obtained efficiency enhancement can be directly related to the improved microstructural and textural characteristics of our unconventionally heat treated materials, specifically the homogenous coarse grained microstructure and the high intensity of cube and Goss crystallographic texture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soft Magnetic Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications)
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10 pages, 3025 KiB  
Article
Experimental Verification of Isotropic and Anisotropic Anhysteretic Magnetization Models
by Michał Nowicki, Roman Szewczyk and Paweł Nowak
Materials 2019, 12(9), 1549; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12091549 - 11 May 2019
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4055
Abstract
The anhysteretic magnetization curve is the key element of modeling magnetic hysteresis loops. Despite the fact that it is intensively exploited, known models of anhysteretic curve have not been verified experimentally. This paper presents the validation of four anhysteretic curve models considering four [...] Read more.
The anhysteretic magnetization curve is the key element of modeling magnetic hysteresis loops. Despite the fact that it is intensively exploited, known models of anhysteretic curve have not been verified experimentally. This paper presents the validation of four anhysteretic curve models considering four different materials, including isotropic, such as Mn-Zn soft ferrite, as well as anisotropic amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys. The presented results indicate that only the model that considers anisotropic energy is valid for a wide set of modern magnetic materials. The most suitable of the verified models is the anisotropic extension function-based model, which considers uniaxial anisotropy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soft Magnetic Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications)
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