Skin Wound Healing

A special issue of Medical Sciences (ISSN 2076-3271).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 27968

Special Issue Editor

Klinikum Westfalen, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dortmund, Germany
Interests: wound healing; wounds; plastic surgery; burns; plastic and reconstructive surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The ability to heal wounds has always given a decisive evolutionary advantage especially to human beings. It therefore represents one of the most important biological processes in the human organism. Although the experimental work of especially the last few decades has shown the general steps of the wound-healing process and some significant progress in the treatment of wounds has been achieved, many questions remain unanswered. In addition, chronic or non-healing wounds represent a growing health problem worldwide. The underlying pathogenesis of chronic wounds is further complicated by factors such as advanced age, poor nutrition, metabolic disorders, and immunosuppression, which trigger additional cellular and systemic stress and thus delay the wound-healing process.

This Special Issue will provide present-day information regarding the general steps of the wound-healing process with its participant cells, the extracellular matrix, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as their interactions with the microenvironment during the phases. Furthermore, differences in wound-healing processes in different skin tissues such as mucosa, scar, genital skin, and in pathologic skin wound-healing processes are discussed. A further focus will be on current conservative and surgical measures to improve wound healing and modern wound management.

We therefore look forward to a comprehensive overview, which highlights the current knowledge and therapy in skin wound healing and will further give a future outlook to interesting and promising approaches to address the current problems in wound-healing disorders.

Dr. Heiko Sorg
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 2467 KiB  
Article
Experimental Models to Study Skin Wound Healing with a Focus on Angiogenesis
by Eberhard Grambow, Heiko Sorg, Christian G. G. Sorg and Daniel Strüder
Med. Sci. 2021, 9(3), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci9030055 - 25 Aug 2021
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 9199
Abstract
A large number of models are now available for the investigation of skin wound healing. These can be used to study the processes that take place in a phase-specific manner under both physiological and pathological conditions. Most models focus on wound closure, which [...] Read more.
A large number of models are now available for the investigation of skin wound healing. These can be used to study the processes that take place in a phase-specific manner under both physiological and pathological conditions. Most models focus on wound closure, which is a crucial parameter for wound healing. However, vascular supply plays an equally important role and corresponding models for selective or parallel investigation of microcirculation regeneration and angiogenesis are also described. In this review article, we therefore focus on the different levels of investigation of skin wound healing (in vivo to in virtuo) and the investigation of angiogenesis and its parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Wound Healing)
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10 pages, 339 KiB  
Article
Towards User-Oriented Recommendations for Local Therapy of Leg and Foot Ulcers—An Update of a S3-German Guideline
by Marion Burckhardt, Brigitte Nink-Grebe and Andreas Maier-Hasselmann
Med. Sci. 2021, 9(3), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci9030054 - 11 Aug 2021
Viewed by 2991
Abstract
Background: The German S3- guideline on local therapy of leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers is in the process of being updated. Major goals are to improve the guidelines’ applicability and to take steps towards a living guideline according to current methodological standards. [...] Read more.
Background: The German S3- guideline on local therapy of leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers is in the process of being updated. Major goals are to improve the guidelines’ applicability and to take steps towards a living guideline according to current methodological standards. The aim of this article is to describe the main measures to achieve these goals. Methods: The context of the guideline in the field of local wound care and the stakeholder requirements are briefly described. Based on a derived framework, the project team adjusted the methods for the guideline. Results: Main adjustments are more specific inclusion criteria, online consensus meetings and the use of an authoring and publication platform to provide information in a multi-layered format. A new set of practice-oriented key questions were defined by the guideline panel to foster the formulation of action-oriented recommendations. Conclusions: The set of new key questions addressing practical problems and patients’ preferences as well as the adjustments made to improve not only the guidelines’ applicability, but also the feasibility of the further dynamic updating processes in the sense of a living guideline, should be steps in the right direction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Wound Healing)
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Review

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13 pages, 1767 KiB  
Review
Genital Wound Repair and Scarring
by Ursula Mirastschijski, Dongsheng Jiang and Yuval Rinkevich
Med. Sci. 2022, 10(2), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci10020023 - 18 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 6362
Abstract
Skin wound repair has been the central focus of clinicians and scientists for almost a century. Insights into acute and chronic wound healing as well as scarring have influenced and ameliorated wound treatment. Our knowledge of normal skin notwithstanding, little is known of [...] Read more.
Skin wound repair has been the central focus of clinicians and scientists for almost a century. Insights into acute and chronic wound healing as well as scarring have influenced and ameliorated wound treatment. Our knowledge of normal skin notwithstanding, little is known of acute and chronic wound repair of genital skin. In contrast to extra-genital skin, hypertrophic scarring is uncommon in genital tissue. Chronic wound healing disorders of the genitals are mostly confined to mucosal tissue diseases. This article will provide insights into the differences between extra-genital and genital skin with regard to anatomy, physiology and aberrant wound repair. In light of fundamental differences between genital and normal skin, it is recommended that reconstructive and esthetic surgery should exclusively be performed by specialists with profound expertise in genital wound repair. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Wound Healing)
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10 pages, 914 KiB  
Review
Burn Injury: Mechanisms of Keratinocyte Cell Death
by Hans-Oliver Rennekampff and Ziyad Alharbi
Med. Sci. 2021, 9(3), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci9030051 - 16 Jul 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3556
Abstract
Cutaneous burn injury is associated with epidermal loss in the zone of coagulation zone and delayed tissue loss in the zone of stasis. Thus, thermal stress can trigger both necrosis and regulated cell death (RCD) or apoptosis. Experimental in vitro and in vivo [...] Read more.
Cutaneous burn injury is associated with epidermal loss in the zone of coagulation zone and delayed tissue loss in the zone of stasis. Thus, thermal stress can trigger both necrosis and regulated cell death (RCD) or apoptosis. Experimental in vitro and in vivo work has clearly demonstrated apoptotic events of thermally injured keratinocytes that are accompanied by morphological and biochemical markers of regulated cell death. However, in vivo data for the different pathways of regulated cell death are sparse. In vitro experiments with heat-stressed human keratinocytes have demonstrated death receptor involvement (extrinsic apoptosis), calcium influx, and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (intrinsic apoptosis) in regulated cell death. In addition, caspase-independent pathways have been suggested in regulated cell death. Keratinocyte heat stress leads to reduced proliferation, possibly as a result of reduced keratinocyte adhesion (anoikis) or oncogene involvement. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of RCD and the skin’s responses to thermal stress may lead to improved strategies for treating cutaneous burn trauma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Wound Healing)
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14 pages, 2072 KiB  
Review
Surgical Strategies to Promote Cutaneous Healing
by Ines Maria Niederstätter, Jennifer Lynn Schiefer and Paul Christian Fuchs
Med. Sci. 2021, 9(2), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci9020045 - 16 Jun 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4711
Abstract
Usually, cutaneous wound healing does not get impeded and processes uneventfully, reaching wound closure easily. The goal of this repair process is to restore the integrity of the body surface by creating a resilient and stable scar. Surgical practice and strategies have an [...] Read more.
Usually, cutaneous wound healing does not get impeded and processes uneventfully, reaching wound closure easily. The goal of this repair process is to restore the integrity of the body surface by creating a resilient and stable scar. Surgical practice and strategies have an impact on the course of wound healing and the later appearance of the scar. By considering elementary surgical principles, such as the appropriate suture material, suture technique, and timing, optimal conditions for wound healing can be created. Wounds can be differentiated into clean wounds, clean–contaminated wounds, contaminated, and infected/dirty wounds, based on the degree of colonization or infection. Furthermore, a distinction is made between acute and chronic wounds. The latter are wounds that persist for longer than 4–6 weeks. Care should be taken to avoid surgical site infections in the management of wounds by maintaining sterile working conditions, using antimicrobial working techniques, and implementing the principles of preoperative antibiotics. Successful wound closure is influenced by wound debridement. Wound debridement removes necrotic tissue, senescent and non-migratory cells, bacteria, and foreign bodies that impede wound healing. Additionally, the reconstructive ladder is a viable and partially overlapping treatment algorithm in plastic surgery to achieve successful wound closure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Wound Healing)
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