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Metabolites
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Impact of Food and Bioactive Compounds on Metabolic Diseases
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Impact of Food and Bioactive Compounds on Metabolic Diseases

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 5676

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Bungo Shirouchi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
Interests: food function; bioactive compounds (especially lipids); lipid absorption; gut microbiota; metabolic disease; metabolic syndrome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Hayato Maeda

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan
Interests: food function; bioactive compounds (especially lipids, polyphenol, carotenoid); functional food; metabolic disease; metabolic syndrome; gut microbiota
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metabolic diseases are a significant public health problem worldwide. Metabolic diseases include metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), leading to the development of cardiovascular disease. In recent years, technology for separating and purifying food components and analyzing biological various samples has improved dramatically, and numerous studies have discovered food factors and bioactive compounds that contribute to preventing and alleviating metabolic diseases. The accumulation of the above basic research knowledge is essential, and we believe that it will lead to the maintenance and promotion of human health.

Therefore, in this Special Issue of Metabolites, we invite research articles on the “Impact of Food and Bioactive Compounds on Metabolic Diseases” including in vitro studies using cultured cell lines, in vivo studies using animal models, and dietary intervention studies.

Dr. Bungo Shirouchi
Dr. Hayato Maeda
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • food factors
  • bioactive compounds
  • food function
  • metabolism
  • metabolites
  • gut microbiota (flora)
  • metabolic syndrome
  • metabolic diseases (disorders)

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 979 KiB  
Article
Dietary Cholest-4-en-3-one, a Cholesterol Metabolite of Gut Microbiota, Alleviates Hyperlipidemia, Hepatic Cholesterol Accumulation, and Hyperinsulinemia in Obese, Diabetic db/db Mice
by Mina Higuchi, Mai Okumura, Sarasa Mitsuta and Bungo Shirouchi
Metabolites 2024, 14(6), 321; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14060321 - 3 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1324
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that dietary cholest-4-en-3-one (4-cholestenone, 4-STN) exerts anti-obesity and lipid-lowering effects in mice. However, its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study, we evaluated whether 4-STN supplementation would protect obese diabetic db/db mice from obesity-related metabolic disorders. [...] Read more.
Previous studies have shown that dietary cholest-4-en-3-one (4-cholestenone, 4-STN) exerts anti-obesity and lipid-lowering effects in mice. However, its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study, we evaluated whether 4-STN supplementation would protect obese diabetic db/db mice from obesity-related metabolic disorders. After four weeks of feeding of a 0.25% 4-STN-containing diet, dietary 4-STN was found to have significantly alleviated hyperlipidemia, hepatic cholesterol accumulation, and hyperinsulinemia; however, the effect was not sufficient to improve hepatic triglyceride accumulation or obesity. Further analysis demonstrated that dietary 4-STN significantly increased the content of free fatty acids and neutral steroids in the feces of db/db mice, indicating that the alleviation of hyperlipidemia by 4-STN was due to an increase in lipid excretion. In addition, dietary 4-STN significantly reduced the levels of desmosterol, a cholesterol precursor, in the plasma but not in the liver, suggesting that normalization of cholesterol metabolism by 4-STN is partly attributable to the suppression of cholesterol synthesis in extrahepatic tissues. In addition, dietary 4-STN increased the plasma and hepatic levels of 4-STN metabolites cholestanol (5α-cholestan-3β-ol) and coprostanol (5β-cholestan-3β-ol). Our results show that dietary 4-STN alleviates obesity-related metabolic disorders, such as hyperlipidemia, hepatic cholesterol accumulation, and hyperinsulinemia, in db/db mice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Food and Bioactive Compounds on Metabolic Diseases)
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Review

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21 pages, 1699 KiB  
Review
Anti-Diabetic Effects of Oleuropein
by Michael Iantomasi, Matthew Terzo and Evangelia Tsiani
Metabolites 2024, 14(11), 581; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14110581 - 27 Oct 2024
Viewed by 555
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Oleuropein, a secoiridoid polyphenol found in olive oil as well as the fruit and leaves of the olive tree, has been reported to have antioxidant, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic properties. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (TD2M) is a chronic metabolic disease [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Oleuropein, a secoiridoid polyphenol found in olive oil as well as the fruit and leaves of the olive tree, has been reported to have antioxidant, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic properties. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (TD2M) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by impaired insulin action, termed insulin resistance. The development of T2DM is closely associated with obesity and chronic low-grade inflammation. In recent years, a rise in sedentary lifestyles and diets rich in refined carbohydrates and saturated fats has contributed to an increase in the prevalence of obesity and TD2M. Currently, the strategies for treating T2DM and its prevention lack efficacy and are associated with adverse side effects. Hence, there is an urgent need for novel treatment strategies, including naturally occurring compounds possessing hypoglycemic and insulin-sensitizing properties. Methods: This review summarizes the evidence of the anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties of oleuropein from in vitro and in vivo animal studies, as well as the available clinical trials. Results: The existing evidence indicates that oleuropein may exert its anti-inflammatory effects by downregulating the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in hepatic and adipose tissue. Additionally, the evidence suggests that oleuropein targets skeletal muscle and enhances glucose uptake and its related protein signalling cascades, improving glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: Despite the evidence of oleuropein’s anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic potential, more animal and clinical studies are needed to proceed towards its clinical/therapeutic use for metabolic diseases confidently. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Food and Bioactive Compounds on Metabolic Diseases)
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17 pages, 1024 KiB  
Review
The Effect of L-Carnitine on Critical Illnesses Such as Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), and Hyperammonemia (HA)
by Bharti Sharma, Lee Schmidt, Cecilia Nguyen, Samantha Kiernan, Jacob Dexter-Meldrum, Zachary Kuschner, Scott Ellis, Navin D. Bhatia, George Agriantonis, Jennifer Whittington and Kate Twelker
Metabolites 2024, 14(7), 363; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14070363 - 27 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1818
Abstract
L-carnitine (LC) through diet is highly beneficial for critical patients. Studies have found that acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) can reduce cerebral edema and neurological complications in TBI patients. It significantly improves their neurobehavioral and neurocognitive functions. ALC has also been shown to have a neuroprotective [...] Read more.
L-carnitine (LC) through diet is highly beneficial for critical patients. Studies have found that acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) can reduce cerebral edema and neurological complications in TBI patients. It significantly improves their neurobehavioral and neurocognitive functions. ALC has also been shown to have a neuroprotective effect in cases of global and focal cerebral ischemia. Moreover, it is an effective agent in reducing nephrotoxicity by suppressing downstream mitochondrial fragmentation. LC can reduce the severity of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, renal cast formation, tubular necrosis, iron accumulation in the tubular epithelium, CK activity, urea levels, Cr levels, and MDA levels and restore the function of enzymes such as SOD, catalase, and GPx. LC can also be administered to patients with hyperammonemia (HA), as it can suppress ammonia levels. It is important to note, however, that LC levels are dysregulated in various conditions such as aging, cirrhosis, cardiomyopathy, malnutrition, sepsis, endocrine disorders, diabetes, trauma, starvation, obesity, and medication interactions. There is limited research on the effects of LC supplementation in critical illnesses such as TBI, AKI, and HA. This scarcity of studies highlights the need for further research in this area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Food and Bioactive Compounds on Metabolic Diseases)
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16 pages, 587 KiB  
Review
Can Daily Dietary Choices Have a Cardioprotective Effect? Food Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiometabolic Diseases
by Elżbieta Szczepańska, Barbara Janota, Marika Wlazło and Magdalena Gacal
Metabolites 2024, 14(6), 296; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14060296 - 23 May 2024
Viewed by 1196
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases accompanying metabolic syndrome comprise one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The medical community undertakes attempts to improve treatment options and minimize cardiovascular diseases’ numerous consequences and exacerbations. In parallel with pharmacotherapies provided by physicians, nutritionists are developing strategies for [...] Read more.
Cardiovascular diseases accompanying metabolic syndrome comprise one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The medical community undertakes attempts to improve treatment options and minimize cardiovascular diseases’ numerous consequences and exacerbations. In parallel with pharmacotherapies provided by physicians, nutritionists are developing strategies for diet therapy and prevention based on lifestyle changes, with high success rates. Consumption of specified food compounds included in various products with proven protective properties can be helpful in this regard. Due to the wide possibilities of diet in metabolic health promotion, it seems necessary to systematize information about the metabolically protective and cardioprotective properties of fiber, probiotic bacteria, plant sterols, folic acid, vitamins B12, C, and E, PUFAs, lycopene, polyphenols, arginine, CoQ10, and allicin. The aim of this review was to present the food compounds with potential use in cardiometabolic prevention and diet therapy based on the latest available literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Food and Bioactive Compounds on Metabolic Diseases)
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