Metal Additive Manufacturing: Technologies, Materials, Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Components

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Additive Manufacturing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 5031

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Interests: lightweight alloys; composite materials; material characterization; mechanical testing; additive manufacturing; metal-forming operations; metal-cutting operations; solid state welding; plastic deformation; formability; sustainable manufacturing; life cycle assessment
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Guest Editor Assistant
Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Interests: CFRP; manufacturing processes; additive manufacturing; mechanical performances; sustainability assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The present Special Issue of Metals, entitled “Metal Additive Manufacturing: Technologies, Materials, Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Components” focuses on additive manufacturing techniques for metallic materials, as well as the effect of process parameters of microstructural and mechanical properties of 3D-printed parts and post-processing techniques.

In recent years, the industrial evolution in the manufacturing sector, resulting from Industry 4.0, is characterized by an increasing use of new production processes based on an additive approach known as additive manufacturing or 3D printing technologies. Such technologies represent new ways of designing components according to the philosophy of "only put the material it needs". Additive manufacturing offers many advantages, such as the manufacturing of components with complex shapes, as well as lightweight lattice structures, that could not be achieved using traditional manufacturing technologies; non-use of equipment; high customization; less material waste; reduced machining time; and shorter time-to-market.

The 3D-printed components in metallic materials represent a significant and growing portion of additively manufactured parts in increasingly diverse fields such as the medical, aerospace and automotive industries. There are different technologies used in metal additive manufacturing available today, classified by the energy source, the way the material is joined or the feedstock state. Depending on the additive manufacturing technology, feedstock quality, process parameters, etc., the micro- and macro-mechanical properties of 3D-printed parts can be affected.

The present Special Issue aims to collect contributions on the additive manufacturing techniques for metallic materials, the effect of process parameters on the microstructural and mechanical properties of 3D-printed parts and post-processing techniques. Review articles and short communications are also of interest for this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Michela Simoncini
Guest Editor

Tommaso Mancia
Guest Editor Assistant

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Keywords

  • metal additive manufacturing
  • 3D printing
  • mechanical properties
  • microstructure
  • process parameters
  • metal alloys
  • topology optimization
  • metal powder
  • additive manufacturing technology
  • post-processing techniques

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 4296 KiB  
Article
Multi-Response Optimization of Additively Manufactured Ti6Al4V Component Using Grey Relational Analysis Coupled with Entropy Weights
by Khaled N. Alqahtani, Abdulmajeed Dabwan, Emad Hashiem Abualsauod, Saqib Anwar, Ali M. Al-Samhan and Husam Kaid
Metals 2023, 13(6), 1130; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13061130 - 16 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1734
Abstract
Due to its near-net-shape manufacturing and ability to treat challenging-to-manufacture materials such as titanium alloys, Additive manufacturing (AM) is growing in popularity. However, due to the poor surface quality of AM components, finishing processes such as machining are required. One of the most [...] Read more.
Due to its near-net-shape manufacturing and ability to treat challenging-to-manufacture materials such as titanium alloys, Additive manufacturing (AM) is growing in popularity. However, due to the poor surface quality of AM components, finishing processes such as machining are required. One of the most difficult aspects of finishing AM components is the fact that even when using the same machining parameters, the surface roughness can vary significantly depending on the orientation of the part. In this study, electron beam melting (EBM) Ti6Al4V parts are subjected to the finishing (milling) process in three potential orientations relative to the direction of the tool feed. The impact of the feed rate, radial depth of cut, and cutting speed on the surface roughness and cutting force of the Ti6Al4V EBM part is studied while taking the orientations of the EBM components into consideration. It is found that the machined surface changes in noticeable ways with respect to orientation. A factorial design is used for the experiments, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to evaluate the results. Furthermore, the grey relational analysis (GRA) method coupled with entropy weights is utilized to determine the optimal process variables for machining a Ti6Al4V EBM component. The results show that the feed rate has the greatest impact on the multi-response optimization, followed by the cutting speed, faces, and radial depth of cut. Full article
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15 pages, 3888 KiB  
Article
Effect of Build Parameters on the Compressive Behavior of Additive Manufactured CoCrMo Lattice Parts Based on Experimental Design
by Orhan Gülcan, Ugur Simsek, Okan Cokgunlu, Mirhan Özdemir, Polat Şendur and Guney Guven Yapici
Metals 2022, 12(7), 1104; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12071104 - 28 Jun 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2894
Abstract
Due to their high specific strength, toughness, and corrosion and wear resistance characteristics, CoCrMo alloys are widely used in different industries and applications: wind turbines and jet-engine components, orthopedic implants, dental crowns, etc. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect [...] Read more.
Due to their high specific strength, toughness, and corrosion and wear resistance characteristics, CoCrMo alloys are widely used in different industries and applications: wind turbines and jet-engine components, orthopedic implants, dental crowns, etc. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of lattice parameters on the compressive behavior of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) parts from CoCrMo material. Build orientation, volume fraction, and lattice type are chosen as input parameters or control factors, and compressive yield strength (σy), elastic modulus (E), and specific energy absorption are chosen as the output or performance parameters for optimization. The Taguchi experimental design method is used in the arrangement of lattice parameters during experimental studies. The level of importance of the lattice parameters on σy, E, and specific energy absorption is determined by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). At the same material volume fractions, Diamond specimens showed higher σy and specific energy absorption than Gyroid and Primitive specimens, except σy at 0.4 volume fraction, where a Gyroid specimen showed the best result. The experimental and statistical results revealed that volume fraction and build orientation were found to be the major and minor effective factors, respectively, for all performance parameters (σy, E, and specific energy absorption). The effect of volume fraction on σy, E, and specific energy absorption was found to be 85.11%, 91.83%, and 57.71%, respectively. Lattice type was found to be the second-ranking factor, affecting σy, E, and specific energy absorption with contributions of 11.04%, 6.98%, and 39.40%, respectively. Multi objective optimization based on grey relation analysis showed that a Diamond specimen with 0.4 volume fraction and 45° build orientation was the best parameter set for the investigated performance outputs. Full article
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