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Metals
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Deformation of High Entropy Alloys under Extreme Conditions
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Deformation of High Entropy Alloys under Extreme Conditions

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Metal Failure Analysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 14452

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Junwei Qiao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Interests: special high-entropy alloys; mechanical behavior of high-entropy alloys and amorphous alloys; serration in metals and alloys.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Zhiming Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Interests: development of multi-component alloys; microstructure and mechanical behavior; strengthening and toughening mechanisms; hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a novel class of materials, high-entropy alloys (HEAs) usually exhibit excellent mechanical properties, being significantly promising for structural applications. As partially related to the high compositional complexity and configurational entropy, HEAs process much more metastable states compared with conventional dilute alloys, and thus, broader tailorable mechanical properties are available. In particular, under extreme conditions, outstanding resistances and large tolerances to external sufferings can be realized in HEAs. For instance, the highest fracture toughness of engineering materials under cryogenic temperatures has been found in face-centered cubic (FCC) HEAs, due to the active deformation twinning behavior associated with the very low stacking fault energy. Therefore, understanding the fundamentals of the outstanding performance of HEAs under extreme conditions is critical for the further alloy development, production, and application.

It is our pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript to this Special Issue, which will focus on the deformation of HEAs under extreme conditions, including low/high temperatures, high-speed loading, irradiation, corrosion, wear, high pressure, hypergravity. But it is not limited to the above topics. The scope will cover fundamental research and all other aspects of alloy development, synthesis, heat treatment, component manufacturing, computer simulation and engineering application are also considered.

Submissions of communications, full papers, and reviews are all welcome.

Prof. Dr. Junwei Qiao
Prof. Dr. Zhiming Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high-entropy alloys
  • deformation and fracture
  • mechanical properties
  • extreme conditions
  • deformation mechanisms
  • strengthening
  • phase formation rule
  • cryogenic/high temperatures
  • dynamic loading

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 3384 KiB  
Article
Exceptional Phase-Transformation Strengthening of Fe50Mn20Cr20Ni10 Medium-Entropy Alloys at Cryogenic Temperature
by Zhong Wang, Mingjie Qin, Min Zhang, Huijun Yang, Junwei Qiao and Zhihua Wang
Metals 2022, 12(4), 643; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12040643 - 10 Apr 2022
Viewed by 1689
Abstract
Cobalt-free Fe50Mn20Cr20Ni10 medium-entropy alloys were developed with the metastable engineering strategy at cryogenic temperature. The phase formation rules were calculated and the stacking fault energy was estimated at different temperatures. The uniaxial tensile tests were carried [...] Read more.
Cobalt-free Fe50Mn20Cr20Ni10 medium-entropy alloys were developed with the metastable engineering strategy at cryogenic temperature. The phase formation rules were calculated and the stacking fault energy was estimated at different temperatures. The uniaxial tensile tests were carried out at a cryogenic temperature and the mechanical properties were completely investigated, displaying excellent strain-hardening capacity. The deformation mechanisms were systematically explained by forest dislocation, twinning strengthening, and phase-transformation strengthening at cryogenic temperature. The precipitation of the second phase sacrifices some ductility, but still achieves excellent strong-plastic synergy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deformation of High Entropy Alloys under Extreme Conditions)
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17 pages, 9734 KiB  
Article
Tribocorrosion Behavior of CoCrNi Medium Entropy Alloy in Simulated Seawater
by Xian-Zong Wang, Yanfei Wang, Zhuobin Huang, Qing Zhou and Haifeng Wang
Metals 2022, 12(3), 401; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12030401 - 25 Feb 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2371
Abstract
Understanding the fundamental behaviors of tribocorrosion for metals is critical for their possible application in seawater. For the recently emerging medium entropy alloys (MEAs), while mechanical wear and corrosion phenomena have been established, such experimental exploration is still lacking regarding the tribocorrosion behavior. [...] Read more.
Understanding the fundamental behaviors of tribocorrosion for metals is critical for their possible application in seawater. For the recently emerging medium entropy alloys (MEAs), while mechanical wear and corrosion phenomena have been established, such experimental exploration is still lacking regarding the tribocorrosion behavior. In this work, the tribocorrosion behavior of CoCrNi MEA was investigated on a reciprocating sliding friction testing machine. Although a significant increase of current density formed due to sliding, CoCrNi exhibits superior passivity when compared with 316L and Inconel 600. In addition, the total tribocorrosion volume loss increases with positive shifting of the applied potential for CoCrNi. Specifically, the total material loss at an applied potential more positive than the pitting potential is one order in magnitude larger than that under pure mechanical wear, confirming the synergy between wear and corrosion. The generated pits on the worn surface became the preferred locations of wear and tear, leading to accelerated materials’ loss rate. Through detecting the morphologies of the contact surfaces, the features of abrasive wear, adhesive wear, delamination, and plastic deformation were revealed for CoCrNi during tribocorrosion at different potentials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deformation of High Entropy Alloys under Extreme Conditions)
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18 pages, 8348 KiB  
Article
Optimize the Mechanical Properties of Al0.6CoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloys by Thermo-Mechanical Processing
by Huijun Yang, Yaqin Tan, Junwei Qiao, Jeffrey A. Hawk, Yong Zhang, Michael Gao and Peter K. Liaw
Metals 2022, 12(2), 178; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12020178 - 19 Jan 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3062
Abstract
The phase stability, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties of Al0.6CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) subjected to different thermo-mechanical treatments were systematically investigated in the present study. The face center cubic (FCC) matrix, B2, and minor Body Center Cubic (BCC) phases were observed [...] Read more.
The phase stability, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties of Al0.6CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) subjected to different thermo-mechanical treatments were systematically investigated in the present study. The face center cubic (FCC) matrix, B2, and minor Body Center Cubic (BCC) phases were observed in the as-cast state. The morphology of the B2 precipitates evolved from needle-like to droplet-shaped when annealed at 900 °C, 1000 °C, and 1100 °C. The resulting yield stress of this FCC/B2 duplex-phase HEA after annealing heat treatments was successfully analyzed based on the contributions from solid solution strengthening, precipitate strengthening, grain boundary hardening, and dislocation hardening. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deformation of High Entropy Alloys under Extreme Conditions)
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18 pages, 4828 KiB  
Article
Tribological Behavior of Boronized Fe40Mn20Cr20Ni20 High-Entropy Alloys
by Xin Guo, Xi Jin, Xiaohui Shi, Huijun Yang, Min Zhang and Junwei Qiao
Metals 2021, 11(10), 1561; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11101561 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 2189
Abstract
The tribological behavior of hot-rolled and boronized Fe40Mn20Cr20Ni20 high-entropy alloys (HEAs) sliding against a Si3N4 ball was investigated in the air, deionized water and seawater. The results showed that the hot-rolled Fe40 [...] Read more.
The tribological behavior of hot-rolled and boronized Fe40Mn20Cr20Ni20 high-entropy alloys (HEAs) sliding against a Si3N4 ball was investigated in the air, deionized water and seawater. The results showed that the hot-rolled Fe40Mn20Cr20Ni20 HEA was composed of an FCC (face-centered cubic) phase. In addition, the boronized HEA was composed of a great number of borides, including CrB, FeB, MnB, Fe2B, Fe3B and MnB2. The hardness increased from 139 HV to 970 HV after boronizing. In air, the wear rate decreased from 4.51 × 10−4 mm3/Nm to 0.72 × 10−4 mm3/Nm after boronizing. The wear mechanism transformed from abrasive wear and oxidative wear to the polishing effect. After boronizing, in the deionized water, the wear rate decreased from 1.27 × 10−4 mm3/Nm to 8.43 × 10−5 mm3/Nm. The wear mechanism transformed from abrasive wear and delamination wear to delamination wear. In the seawater, the wear rate decreased by about ten times that of hot-rolled alloy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deformation of High Entropy Alloys under Extreme Conditions)
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Review

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21 pages, 3744 KiB  
Review
The Temperature Dependence of Deformation Behaviors in High-Entropy Alloys: A Review
by Pengfei Wu, Kefu Gan, Dingshun Yan and Zhiming Li
Metals 2021, 11(12), 2005; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11122005 - 12 Dec 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3976
Abstract
Over the past seventeen years, deformation behaviors of various types of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have been investigated within a wide temperature range, from cryogenic to high temperatures, to demonstrate the excellent performance of HEAs under extreme conditions. It has been suggested that the [...] Read more.
Over the past seventeen years, deformation behaviors of various types of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have been investigated within a wide temperature range, from cryogenic to high temperatures, to demonstrate the excellent performance of HEAs under extreme conditions. It has been suggested that the dominated deformation mechanisms in HEAs would be varied with respect to the environmental temperatures, which significantly alters the mechanical properties. In this article, we systematically review the temperature-dependent mechanical behaviors, as well as the corresponding mechanisms of various types of HEAs, aiming to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date understanding of the recent progress achieved on this subject. More specifically, we summarize the deformation behaviors and microscale mechanisms of single-phase HEAs, metastable HEAs, precipitates-hardened HEAs and multiphase HEAs, at cryogenic, room and elevated temperatures. The possible strategies for strengthening and toughening HEAs at different temperatures are also discussed to provide new insights for further alloy development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deformation of High Entropy Alloys under Extreme Conditions)
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