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Nanotechnology in Europe

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 11961

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos P.B 1939, Heraklion, E-GR-71410 Crete, Greece
2. Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), 100, N. Plastira Str., Vasilika Vouton, GR-70014 Heraklion Crete, Greece
Interests: graphene; 2D nanomaterials; biomedical applications; biomaterials; drug delivery systems; materials science; chemistry; enviromental applications; water treatment technologies
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The nanoscale manipulation of matter has always been attractive for millions of researchers and scientists worldwide, leading to an interdisciplinary revolution in various fields of science. In this context, nanotechnology is the flagship, key enabling technology of the 21st century, including and combining fields such as chemistry, materials science, engineering, semiconductor physics, biology, medicine, etc., providing new materials, a vast range of applications, as well as everyday consumer products.

For Europe, nanotechnology research always remains critical, aiming to be competitive in a global level. In this frame, the current generation of the European researchers have generated a massive number of exciting achievements in chemistry in terms of materials design, synthesis. and characterization for emerging application areas, such as energy, electronics, photonics, biomedicine, and environment.

The scope of the present regional Special Issue is to collect new nanotechnology advances and insights from research activities in chemistry conducted not only from Europeans but in a Europe-wide level (European universities, research centers, and organizations). In this context, I invite researchers to submit their original research articles, communications, perspective, and review articles on organic and inorganic molecules, 2D materials, carbon-based materials and nanostructure design, synthesis and functionalization, as well as their potential for incorporation in nanodevices or applications of interest.

Dr. Minas M. Stylianakis
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • 2D materials
  • graphene
  • nanotubes
  • polymers
  • nanostructures
  • synthesis
  • functionalization
  • metal nanoparticles
  • drug delivery
  • sensing
  • light harvesting
  • solar cells

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2079 KiB  
Article
Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of γ-Graphyne Structures under Shearing
by Sotirios G. Siampanis, Georgios I. Giannopoulos, Nikos D. Lagaros, Antonios Hatziefremidis and Stelios K. Georgantzinos
Molecules 2022, 27(5), 1729; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051729 - 7 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1854
Abstract
In this study, a nonlinear, spring-based finite element approach is employed in order to predict the nonlinear mechanical response of graphyne structures under shear loading. Based on Morse potential functions, suitable nonlinear spring finite elements are formulated simulating the interatomic interactions of different [...] Read more.
In this study, a nonlinear, spring-based finite element approach is employed in order to predict the nonlinear mechanical response of graphyne structures under shear loading. Based on Morse potential functions, suitable nonlinear spring finite elements are formulated simulating the interatomic interactions of different graphyne types. Specifically, the four well-known types of γ-graphyne, i.e., graphyne-1 also known as graphyne, graphyne-2 also known as graphdiyne, graphyne-3, and graphyne-4 rectangular sheets are numerically investigated applying appropriate boundary conditions representing shear load. The obtained finite element analysis results are employed to calculate the in-plane shear stress–strain behaviour, as well as the corresponding mechanical properties as shear modulus and shear strength. Comparisons of the present graphyne shearing response predictions with other corresponding estimations are performed to validate the present research results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology in Europe)
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Review

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35 pages, 8773 KiB  
Review
Nanocarriers as Active Ingredients Enhancers in the Cosmetic Industry—The European and North America Regulation Challenges
by Cristiana Oliveira, Cristina Coelho, José A. Teixeira, Pedro Ferreira-Santos and Claudia M. Botelho
Molecules 2022, 27(5), 1669; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051669 - 3 Mar 2022
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 6191
Abstract
“Flawless skin is the most universally desired human feature” is an iconic statement by Desmond Morris. Skin indicates one´s health and is so important that it affects a person’s emotional and psychological behavior, these facts having propelled the development of the cosmetics industry. [...] Read more.
“Flawless skin is the most universally desired human feature” is an iconic statement by Desmond Morris. Skin indicates one´s health and is so important that it affects a person’s emotional and psychological behavior, these facts having propelled the development of the cosmetics industry. It is estimated that in 2023, this industry will achieve more than 800 billion dollars. This boost is due to the development of new cosmetic formulations based on nanotechnology. Nanocarriers have been able to solve problems related to active ingredients regarding their solubility, poor stability, and release. Even though nanocarriers have evident benefits, they also present some problems related to the high cost, low shelf life, and toxicity. Regulation and legislation are two controversial topics regarding the use of nanotechnology in the field of cosmetics. In this area, the U.S. FDA has taken the lead and recommended several biosafety studies and post-market safety evaluations. The lack of a global definition that identifies nanomaterials as a cosmetic ingredient is a hindrance to the development of global legislation. In the EU, the legislation regarding the biosafety of nanomaterials in cosmetics is stricter. “The cost is not the only important issue, safety and the application of alternative testing methods for toxicity are of crucial importance as well”. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology in Europe)
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26 pages, 4559 KiB  
Review
Impact of Graphene Derivatives as Artificial Extracellular Matrices on Mesenchymal Stem Cells
by Rabia Ikram, Shamsul Azlin Ahmad Shamsuddin, Badrul Mohamed Jan, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, George Kenanakis, Minas M. Stylianakis and Spiros H. Anastasiadis
Molecules 2022, 27(2), 379; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020379 - 7 Jan 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2931
Abstract
Thanks to stem cells’ capability to differentiate into multiple cell types, damaged human tissues and organs can be rapidly well-repaired. Therefore, their applicability in the emerging field of regenerative medicine can be further expanded, serving as a promising multifunctional tool for tissue engineering, [...] Read more.
Thanks to stem cells’ capability to differentiate into multiple cell types, damaged human tissues and organs can be rapidly well-repaired. Therefore, their applicability in the emerging field of regenerative medicine can be further expanded, serving as a promising multifunctional tool for tissue engineering, treatments for various diseases, and other biomedical applications as well. However, the differentiation and survival of the stem cells into specific lineages is crucial to be exclusively controlled. In this frame, growth factors and chemical agents are utilized to stimulate and adjust proliferation and differentiation of the stem cells, although challenges related with degradation, side effects, and high cost should be overcome. Owing to their unique physicochemical and biological properties, graphene-based nanomaterials have been widely used as scaffolds to manipulate stem cell growth and differentiation potential. Herein, we provide the most recent research progress in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) growth, differentiation and function utilizing graphene derivatives as extracellular scaffolds. The interaction of graphene derivatives in human and rat MSCs has been also evaluated. Graphene-based nanomaterials are biocompatible, exhibiting a great potential applicability in stem-cell-mediated regenerative medicine as they may promote the behaviour control of the stem cells. Finally, the challenges, prospects and future trends in the field are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology in Europe)
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