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Nanomaterials
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Functional Nanomaterials for Sensing and Detection (2nd Edition)
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Functional Nanomaterials for Sensing and Detection (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanoelectronics, Nanosensors and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 7000

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Weiping Cai

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Guest Editor
Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
Interests: colloidal self-assembly; artificial micro/nanostructures; micro/nanostructured meta-surfaces; functional elementary ordered nanomaterial; nanostructured thin films; micro/nanostructured devices and sensors; surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Hongwen Zhang

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Institute of Solid State Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
Interests: SERS

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

Functional nanomaterials involve various nanostructured objects: zero-dimensional (0D), 1D, and 2D nano-objects (nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, nanosheets, and so on), as well as materials with nanostructured surfaces including metals, semiconductors, and organic materials. These nanomaterials possess a high surface/volume ratio and nanotip- and nanogap-induced physical effects, which lead to significantly different functional properties from those presented by the bulk materials, and hence have great potential applications in sensing and detection.

These functional nanomaterials for sensing and detection are mostly used as transducers in tools such as spectral devices and chemiresistive sensors. They are also employed in some nanosensor designs as capture agents (magnetic nanoparticles), signal amplifiers (plasmonic metals with nanopatterned surfaces for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic chips), identification elements (polymers for molecular imprinting), and more.

This Special Issue will attempt to present a collection of original research papers and reviews of the latest advances in the field of functional nanomaterials for sensing and detection.

Prof. Dr. Weiping Cai
Dr. Hongwen Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • functional nanomaterials
  • heterogeneous nanostructures
  • nanopatterned surfaces
  • sensing performance
  • surface modification
  • nanosensors
  • fast and trace detection

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3670 KiB  
Article
Tunable Plasmon Resonance in Silver Nanodisk-on-Mirror Structures and Scattering Enhancement by Annealing
by Ryohei Hatsuoka, Kota Yamasaki, Kenji Wada, Tetsuya Matsuyama and Koichi Okamoto
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(19), 1559; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14191559 - 26 Sep 2024
Viewed by 645
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the surface plasmon characteristics of periodic silver nanodisk structures fabricated on a dielectric thin-film spacer layer on a Ag mirror substrate (NanoDisk on Mirror: NDoM) through finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations and experiments involving actual sample fabrication. [...] Read more.
In this study, we evaluated the surface plasmon characteristics of periodic silver nanodisk structures fabricated on a dielectric thin-film spacer layer on a Ag mirror substrate (NanoDisk on Mirror: NDoM) through finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations and experiments involving actual sample fabrication. Through FDTD simulations, it was confirmed that the NDoM structure exhibits two sharp peaks in the visible range, and by adjusting the thickness of the spacer layer and the size of the nanodisk structure, sharp peaks can be obtained across the entire visible range. Additionally, we fabricated the NDoM structure using electron beam lithography (EBL) and experimentally confirmed that the obtained peaks matched the simulation results. Furthermore, we discovered that applying annealing at an appropriate temperature to the fabricated structure enables the adjustment of the resonance peak wavelength and enhances the scattering intensity by approximately five times. This enhancement is believed to result from changes in the shape and size of the nanodisk structure, as well as a reduction in grain boundaries in the metal crystal due to annealing. These results have the potential to contribute to technological advancements in various application fields, such as optical sensing and emission enhancement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanomaterials for Sensing and Detection (2nd Edition))
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15 pages, 5938 KiB  
Article
An Electroanalytical Enzymeless α-Fe2O3-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure-Based Sensor for Sensitive Quantification of Nitrite Ions
by Rafiq Ahmad, Abdullah, Md. Tabish Rehman, Mohamed F. AlAjmi, Shamshad Alam, Kiesar Sideeq Bhat, Prabhash Mishra and Byeong-Il Lee
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(8), 706; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14080706 - 18 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1766
Abstract
Nitrite monitoring serves as a fundamental practice for protecting public health, preserving environmental quality, ensuring food safety, maintaining industrial safety standards, and optimizing agricultural practices. Although many nitrite sensing methods have been recently developed, the quantification of nitrite remains challenging due to sensitivity [...] Read more.
Nitrite monitoring serves as a fundamental practice for protecting public health, preserving environmental quality, ensuring food safety, maintaining industrial safety standards, and optimizing agricultural practices. Although many nitrite sensing methods have been recently developed, the quantification of nitrite remains challenging due to sensitivity and selectivity limitations. In this context, we present the fabrication of enzymeless iron oxide nanoparticle-modified zinc oxide nanorod (α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR) hybrid nanostructure-based nitrite sensor fabrication. The α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR hybrid nanostructure was synthesized using a two-step hydrothermal method and characterized in detail utilizing x-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These analyses confirm the successful synthesis of an α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR hybrid nanostructure, highlighting its morphology, purity, crystallinity, and elemental constituents. The α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR hybrid nanostructure was used to modify the SPCE (screen-printed carbon electrode) for enzymeless nitrite sensor fabrication. The voltammetric methods (i.e., cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)) were employed to explore the electrochemical characteristics of α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR/SPCE sensors for nitrite. Upon examination of the sensor’s electrochemical behavior across a range of nitrite concentrations (0 to 500 µM), it is evident that the α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR hybrid nanostructure shows an increased response with increasing nitrite concentration. The sensor demonstrates a linear response to nitrite concentrations up to 400 µM, a remarkable sensitivity of 18.10 µA µM−1 cm−2, and a notably low detection threshold of 0.16 µM. Furthermore, its exceptional selectivity, stability, and reproducibility make it an ideal tool for accurately measuring nitrite levels in serum, yielding reliable outcomes. This advancement heralds a significant step forward in the field of environmental monitoring, offering a potent solution for the precise assessment of nitrite pollution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanomaterials for Sensing and Detection (2nd Edition))
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12 pages, 4742 KiB  
Article
High-Performance Ethylene Glycol Sensor Based on Imine Covalent Organic Frameworks
by Shiwei Liu, Guojie Zhang, Weiyu Zhang, Ning Tian, Qihua Sun and Zhaofeng Wu
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(24), 3103; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13243103 - 8 Dec 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1423
Abstract
The colorless and odorless ethylene glycol is prone to unknowingly causing poisoning, making preventive monitoring of ethylene glycol necessary. In this paper, scandium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate was used as a catalyst to successfully prepare covalent organic framework (COF) nanospheres linked by imines at room [...] Read more.
The colorless and odorless ethylene glycol is prone to unknowingly causing poisoning, making preventive monitoring of ethylene glycol necessary. In this paper, scandium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate was used as a catalyst to successfully prepare covalent organic framework (COF) nanospheres linked by imines at room temperature. The COF nanospheres were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, UV-Vis and BET. The results show that COF nanospheres have rough surfaces and a large number of mesoporous structures, which greatly increase the active sites on the surface of the sensing material and enhance the gas sensing performance. The sensing results showed that the prepared imine-conjugated COF nanospheres exhibited a good response–recovery ability for 10 consecutive response–recovery cycles for ethylene glycol at room temperature and had a theoretical detection limit of 40 ppb. In addition, the responses of COF nanospheres to nearly 20 interfering gases, including HCl, HNO3, phenol, formaldehyde and aniline, are relatively low compared to the response to ethylene glycol, indicating that the COF nanospheres have high selectivity towards ethylene glycol. The COF nanospheres show good sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of ethylene glycol, which should be attributed to the large specific surface area, hydrogen bonding interactions, and high defects. This work provides an effective method for the detection of ethylene glycol and expands the application field of COF materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanomaterials for Sensing and Detection (2nd Edition))
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13 pages, 2265 KiB  
Article
A Design Strategy for Surface Nanostructures to Realize Sensitive Refractive-Index Optical Sensors
by Masanobu Iwanaga
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(24), 3081; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13243081 - 5 Dec 2023
Viewed by 999
Abstract
Refractive-index optical sensors have been extensively studied. Originally, they were surface plasmon resonance sensors using only a flat gold film. Currently, to develop practically useful label-free optical sensors, numerous proposals for refractive index sensors have been made using various nanostructures composed of metals [...] Read more.
Refractive-index optical sensors have been extensively studied. Originally, they were surface plasmon resonance sensors using only a flat gold film. Currently, to develop practically useful label-free optical sensors, numerous proposals for refractive index sensors have been made using various nanostructures composed of metals and dielectrics. In this study, we explored a rational design strategy for sensors using surface nanostructures comprising metals or dielectrics. Optical responses, such as reflection and transmission, and resonant electromagnetic fields were computed using a numerical method of rigorous coupled-wave analysis combined with a scattering-matrix algorithm. As a result, good performance that almost reached the physical limit was achieved using a plasmonic surface lattice structure. Furthermore, to precisely trace the refractive-index change, a scheme using two physical quantities, resonant wavelength and reflection amplitude, was found to be valid for a 2D silicon metasurface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanomaterials for Sensing and Detection (2nd Edition))
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11 pages, 2051 KiB  
Article
Pixelated Filter Array for On-Chip Polarized Spectral Detection
by Yuechen Liu, Chao Feng, Siyu Dong, Jingyuan Zhu, Zhanshan Wang and Xinbin Cheng
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(19), 2624; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13192624 - 23 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1617
Abstract
On-chip multi-dimensional detection systems integrating pixelated polarization and spectral filter arrays are the latest trend in optical detection instruments, showing broad application potential for diagnostic medical imaging and remote sensing. However, thin-film or microstructure-based filter arrays typically have a trade-off between the detection [...] Read more.
On-chip multi-dimensional detection systems integrating pixelated polarization and spectral filter arrays are the latest trend in optical detection instruments, showing broad application potential for diagnostic medical imaging and remote sensing. However, thin-film or microstructure-based filter arrays typically have a trade-off between the detection dimension, optical efficiency, and spectral resolution. Here, we demonstrate novel on-chip integrated polarization spectral detection filter arrays consisting of metasurfaces and multilayer films. The metasurfaces with two nanopillars in one supercell are designed to modulate the Jones matrix for polarization selection. The angle of diffraction of the metasurfaces and the optical Fabry–Perot (FP) cavities determine the spectrum’s center wavelength. The polarization spectral filter arrays are placed on top of the CMOS sensor; each array corresponds to one pixel, resulting in high spectral resolution and optical efficiency in the selected polarization state. To verify the methodology, we designed nine-channel polarized spectral filter arrays in a wavelength range of 1350 nm to 1550 nm for transverse electric (TE) linear polarization. The array has a 10 nm balanced spectral resolution and average peak transmission efficiency of over 75%, which is maintained by utilizing lossless dielectric material. The proposed array can be fabricated using overlay e-beam lithography, and the process is CMOS-compatible. The proposed array enables broader applications of in situ on-chip polarization spectral detection with high efficiency and spectral resolution, as well as in vivo imaging systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanomaterials for Sensing and Detection (2nd Edition))
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