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Nanomaterials
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Nanomedicines for Oncotherapy
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Nanomedicines for Oncotherapy

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 July 2021) | Viewed by 12381

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ugutz Unzueta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
2. Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
3. CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
4. Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
Interests: nanomedicine; cancer therapy; protein materials; targeting; drug delivery systems; self-assembling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Being cancer second leading cause of death worldwide, developing efficient cancer therapies is still one of the main challenges of medicine. Current therapies far from being effective, present high systemic toxicities because of their lack of targeting, what strongly limits their administrable dose resulting in a low survival rate. Targeted drug delivery not only promises to significantly increase drug effectiveness but also, to reduce associated off-target effects. Therefore, achieving a proper biodistribution profile is one of the main objectives on current nanomedicines. In this sense, the current trend in the field is moving towards active targeting strategies, which are showing very promising advances in terms of cell specificities. In this context, one of the benefits of using nanoscale structures is the possibility of achieving unique biodistribution patterns by recruiting appropriate physicochemical properties and the incorporation of effective targeting elements in a single nanoparticle.

This special issue entitled “Nanomedicines for Oncotherapy” expects to collect current research progresses in the development of therapeutic nanoparticles or nanoconjugates for targeted drug delivery in tumoral cells. Therefore, this special issue invites all researchers working on this field to contribute with their original research articles, communications or reviews as it represents a good opportunity to put together the recent advances in nanostructure-driven targeted cancer therapies.

Dr. Ugutz Unzueta
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cancer therapy
  • nanomedicine
  • active targeting
  • nanoparticles
  • nanoconjugates

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

25 pages, 4113 KiB  
Review
Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery to Cancer Stem Cells: A Review of Recent Advances
by Yavuz Nuri Ertas, Keyvan Abedi Dorcheh, Ali Akbari and Esmaiel Jabbari
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(7), 1755; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11071755 - 5 Jul 2021
Cited by 50 | Viewed by 7737
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cells that can initiate, self-renew, and sustain tumor growth. CSCs are responsible for tumor metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance in cancer therapy. CSCs reside within a niche maintained by multiple unique factors in the microenvironment. [...] Read more.
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cells that can initiate, self-renew, and sustain tumor growth. CSCs are responsible for tumor metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance in cancer therapy. CSCs reside within a niche maintained by multiple unique factors in the microenvironment. These factors include hypoxia, excessive levels of angiogenesis, a change of mitochondrial activity from aerobic aspiration to aerobic glycolysis, an upregulated expression of CSC biomarkers and stem cell signaling, and an elevated synthesis of the cytochromes P450 family of enzymes responsible for drug clearance. Antibodies and ligands targeting the unique factors that maintain the niche are utilized for the delivery of anticancer therapeutics to CSCs. In this regard, nanomaterials, specifically nanoparticles (NPs), are extremely useful as carriers for the delivery of anticancer agents to CSCs. This review covers the biology of CSCs and advances in the design and synthesis of NPs as a carrier in targeting cancer drugs to the CSC subpopulation of cancer cells. This review includes the development of synthetic and natural polymeric NPs, lipid NPs, inorganic NPs, self-assembling protein NPs, antibody-drug conjugates, and extracellular nanovesicles for CSC targeting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomedicines for Oncotherapy)
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Graphical abstract

26 pages, 2335 KiB  
Review
Advanced Nanotechnology for Enhancing Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy
by Chiara Cremolini, Emanuela Vitale, Raffaella Rastaldo and Claudia Giachino
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(3), 661; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030661 - 8 Mar 2021
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 3806
Abstract
Immune checkpoint receptor signaling pathways constitute a prominent class of “immune synapse,” a cell-to-cell connection that represses T-lymphocyte effector functions. As a possible evolutionary countermeasure against autoimmunity, this strategy is aimed at lowering potential injury to uninfected cells in infected tissues and at [...] Read more.
Immune checkpoint receptor signaling pathways constitute a prominent class of “immune synapse,” a cell-to-cell connection that represses T-lymphocyte effector functions. As a possible evolutionary countermeasure against autoimmunity, this strategy is aimed at lowering potential injury to uninfected cells in infected tissues and at minimizing systemic inflammation. Nevertheless, tumors can make use of these strategies to escape immune recognition, and consequently, such mechanisms represent chances for immunotherapy intervention. Recent years have witnessed the advance of pharmaceutical nanotechnology, or nanomedicine, as a possible strategy to ameliorate immunotherapy technical weaknesses thanks to its intrinsic biophysical properties and multifunctional modifying capability. To improve the long-lasting response rate of checkpoint blockade therapy, nanotechnology has been employed at first for the delivery of single checkpoint inhibitors. Further, while therapy via single immune checkpoint blockade determines resistance and a restricted period of response, strong interest has been raised to efficiently deliver immunomodulators targeting different inhibitory pathways or both inhibitory and costimulatory pathways. In this review, the partially explored promise in implementation of nanotechnology to improve the success of immune checkpoint therapy and solve the limitations of single immune checkpoint inhibitors is debated. We first present the fundamental elements of the immune checkpoint pathways and then outline recent promising results of immune checkpoint blockade therapy in combination with nanotechnology delivery systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomedicines for Oncotherapy)
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