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The Impact of Early Life Nutrition on Gut Maturation and...
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The Impact of Early Life Nutrition on Gut Maturation and Later Life Gut Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 August 2024) | Viewed by 9006

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Myrtani Pieri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
Interests: intestinal digestion and transport; GI tract physiology; gut health; microRNAs
Dr. Christos Papaneophytou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
Interests: drug development; small-molecule inhibitors; miRNAs; antimicrobial compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vicky Nicolaidou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
Interests: immune system development and function; allergy, hypersensitivity; autoimmunity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Early life nutrition plays a crucial role in the maturation of the gut and overall gut health later in life. An adequate intake of nutrients, such as protein, carbohydrates, and fats, in the first month of life can lead to proper gut development and function. A lack of these nutrients can lead to an immature gut microbiome and an increased risk of gut-related issues. Studies have also shown that breastfeeding can have a positive impact on gut maturation and overall gut health. Finally, evidence suggests that the early introduction of potentially allergenic foods may reduce the risk of developing food allergies.

This Special Issue aims to publish studies investigating how nutrition affects the development of the gut, known as gut maturation. We are interested in research on the impact of various early life diets on the gut microbiome, the effects of breastfeeding on gut maturation, the role of microRNAs or XenomiRs found in breastmilk, and the relationship between the gut microbiome and health outcomes such as obesity, diabetes, allergy, and autoimmunity. Additionally, we are interested in clinical studies that evaluate the effectiveness of interventions designed to improve gut health during the early life period, and studies exploring the connection between the gut microbiome and the development and function of the immune system.

This Special Issue of Nutrients, entitled “The Impact of Early Life Nutrition on Gut Maturation and Later Life Gut Health” welcomes original research and reviews of the literature concerning this important topic.

Dr. Myrtani Pieri
Dr. Christos Papaneophytou
Dr. Vicky Nicolaidou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • early life nutrition
  • gut maturation
  • gut microbiome
  • health outcomes
  • interventions
  • breastfeeding
  • microRNAs
  • xenomiRs
  • immune system development

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Editorial

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4 pages, 212 KiB  
Editorial
Special Issue: The Impact of Early Life Nutrition on Gut Maturation and Later Life Gut Health
by Myrtani Pieri, Vicky Nicolaidou and Christos Papaneophytou
Nutrients 2023, 15(6), 1498; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15061498 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1674
Abstract
Nutrition during early life plays a crucial role in determining a child’s long-term health [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Early Life Nutrition on Gut Maturation and Later Life Gut Health)

Research

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11 pages, 402 KiB  
Article
Probiotic Supplementation in the Neonatal Age Group and the Risk of Hospitalisation in the First Two Years: A Data Linkage Study from Western Australia
by Ravisha Srinivasjois, Amanuel Gebremedhin, Desiree Silva, Shripada C. Rao, Gizachew A. Tessema and Gavin Pereira
Nutrients 2024, 16(13), 2094; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16132094 - 30 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1424
Abstract
Background: Probiotic supplementation in preterm neonates is standard practice in many centres across the globe. The impact of probiotic supplementation in the neonatal age group on the risk of hospitalisation in infancy has not been reported previously. Methods: Infants born < 32 + [...] Read more.
Background: Probiotic supplementation in preterm neonates is standard practice in many centres across the globe. The impact of probiotic supplementation in the neonatal age group on the risk of hospitalisation in infancy has not been reported previously. Methods: Infants born < 32 + 6 weeks of gestation in Western Australia were eligible for inclusion. We conducted a retrospective cohort study comparing data from before probiotic supplementation (Epoch 1: 1 December 2008–30 November 2010, n = 1238) versus after (Epoch 2: 1 June 2012–30 May 2014, n = 1422) on the risks of respiratory- and gastrointestinal infection–related hospitalisation. A subgroup analysis of infants born < 28 weeks of gestation was analysed separately for similar outcomes. Results: Compared to Epoch 1, an 8% reduction in incidence of hospitalisation up to 2 years after birth was observed in Epoch 2 (adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI); 0.87–0.98), adjusted for gestational age, smoking, socioeconomic status, and maternal age. The rate of hospitalisation for infants born < 28 weeks of gestation was comparable in epochs 1 and 2. Conclusion: Infants exposed to probiotic supplementation in the neonatal period experience a reduced risk of hospitalisation in the first two years after discharge from the neonatal unit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Early Life Nutrition on Gut Maturation and Later Life Gut Health)
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15 pages, 1779 KiB  
Article
A Stress Reduction Intervention for Lactating Mothers Alters Maternal Gut, Breast Milk, and Infant Gut Microbiomes: Data from a Randomized Controlled Trial
by Jinyue Yu, Yan Zhang, Jonathan C. K. Wells, Zhuang Wei, Mona Bajaj-Elliott, Dennis Sandris Nielsen and Mary S. Fewtrell
Nutrients 2024, 16(7), 1074; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16071074 - 6 Apr 2024
Viewed by 2251
Abstract
Background: This secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated how the maternal gut, breast milk, and infant gut microbiomes may contribute to the effects of a relaxation intervention, which reduced maternal stress and promoted infant weight gain. Methods: An [...] Read more.
Background: This secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated how the maternal gut, breast milk, and infant gut microbiomes may contribute to the effects of a relaxation intervention, which reduced maternal stress and promoted infant weight gain. Methods: An RCT was undertaken in healthy Chinese primiparous mother–infant pairs (340/7–376/7gestation weeks). Mothers were randomly allocated to either the intervention group (IG, listening to relaxation meditation) or the control group (CG). Outcomes were the differences in microbiome composition and the diversity in the maternal gut, breast milk, and infant gut at 1 (baseline) and 8 weeks (post-intervention) between IG and CG, assessed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of fecal and breastmilk samples. Results: In total, 38 mother–infant pairs were included in this analysis (IG = 19, CG = 19). The overall microbiome community structure in the maternal gut was significantly different between the IG and CG at 1 week, with the difference being more significant at 8 weeks (Bray–Curtis distance R2 = 0.04 vs. R2 = 0.13). Post-intervention, a significantly lower α-diversity was observed in IG breast milk (observed features: CG = 295 vs. IG = 255, p = 0.032); the Bifidobacterium genera presented a higher relative abundance. A significantly higher α-diversity was observed in IG infant gut (observed features: CG = 73 vs. IG = 113, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings were consistent with the hypothesis that the microbiome might mediate observed relaxation intervention effects via gut–brain axis and entero-mammary pathways; but confirmation is required. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Early Life Nutrition on Gut Maturation and Later Life Gut Health)
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Review

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27 pages, 987 KiB  
Review
An Overview of the Influence of Breastfeeding on the Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
by Benjamin Bertin, Benoit Foligne, Delphine Ley, Jean Lesage, Laurent Beghin, Jules Morcel, Frédéric Gottrand and Emmanuel Hermann
Nutrients 2023, 15(24), 5103; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15245103 - 13 Dec 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2789
Abstract
The first 1000 days of life is a critical period that contributes significantly to the programming of an individual’s future health. Among the many changes that occur during this period early in life, there is growing evidence that the establishment of healthy gut [...] Read more.
The first 1000 days of life is a critical period that contributes significantly to the programming of an individual’s future health. Among the many changes that occur during this period early in life, there is growing evidence that the establishment of healthy gut microbiota plays an important role in the prevention of both short- and long-term health problems. Numerous publications suggest that the quality of the gut microbiota colonisation depends on several dietary factors, including breastfeeding. In this respect, a relationship between breastfeeding and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been suggested. IBDs are chronic intestinal diseases, and perinatal factors may be partly responsible for their onset. We review the existence of links between breastfeeding and IBD based on experimental and clinical studies. Overall, despite encouraging experimental data in rodents, the association between breastfeeding and the development of IBD remains controversial in humans, partly due to the considerable heterogeneity between clinical studies. The duration of exclusive breastfeeding is probably decisive for its lasting effect on IBD. Thus, specific improvements in our knowledge could support dietary interventions targeting the gut microbiome, such as the early use of prebiotics, probiotics or postbiotics, in order to prevent the disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Early Life Nutrition on Gut Maturation and Later Life Gut Health)
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