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Nutrients
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Nutrition and Hormone Regulation
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Nutrition and Hormone Regulation

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 March 2024) | Viewed by 32671

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Bernadette Biondi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Interests: endocrinologia, subclinical thyroid disease and clinical outcomes in patients with thyroid cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The nutrients we need for the body to function properly are provided by the food we eat. This includes the metabolism and production of hormones. Only the right nutrition will favor our hormonal balance.

Hormonal changes influence all of us at every stage of life, and the effect is definitely variable between individuals. Numerous clinical and hormonal studies have now linked nutrition to various beneficial health and biological activities. Various hormones in the body work together at varying levels within a changing environment.

The influence of nutrition on this sensitivity can take a direct or indirect path, which is based on the pattern of diet, as well as certain nutrients. The type of diet we adopt affects how the body functions, especially the endocrine system. Eating certain foods can damage hormones, while consuming certain foods can enhance the body's function due to the nutrients they provide.

This Special Issue explores the current advances regarding nutrients in hormone regulation. Original research articles and reviews are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Bernadette Biondi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrients
  • hormones
  • dietary patterns
  • diet

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 799 KiB  
Article
Serum Appetite-Regulating Hormone Levels in Cystic Fibrosis Patients: Influence of the Disease Severity and the Type of Bacterial Infection—A Pilot Study
by Sabina Galiniak, Rafał Podgórski, Marta Rachel and Artur Mazur
Nutrients 2023, 15(8), 1851; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15081851 - 12 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1638
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) belongs to the most common inherited diseases. The severity of the disease and chronic bacterial infections are associated with a lower body index, undernutrition, higher number of pulmonary exacerbations, more hospital admissions, and increased mortality. The aim of our study [...] Read more.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) belongs to the most common inherited diseases. The severity of the disease and chronic bacterial infections are associated with a lower body index, undernutrition, higher number of pulmonary exacerbations, more hospital admissions, and increased mortality. The aim of our study was to determine the impact of the severity of the disease and the type of bacterial infection in 38 CF patients on the serum level of appetite-regulating hormones including leptin, ghrelin, neuropeptide Y, agouti-signaling protein, proopiomelanocortin, kisspeptin, putative protein Y, and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. The patients were divided according to the severity of the disease according to spirometry and the type of chronic bacterial infection. We found that leptin level was significantly higher in patients with severe CF than in patients with mild disease (20.02 ± 8.09 vs. 12.38 ± 6.03 ng/mL, p = 0.028). Furthermore, leptin level was elevated in patients with chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to uninfected participants (15.74 ± 7.02 vs. 9.28 ± 1.72 ng/mL, p = 0.043). The severity of the disease and the type of bacterial infection did not affect the levels of other appetite-regulating hormones. Moreover, we found a positive correlation between pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 and leptin level (p = 0.0426, R = 0.333). Taken together, our results indicate that both the severity of the disease and the type of bacterial infection are associated with elevated leptin levels in CF patients. Future CF treatment strategies should consider possible disturbances in the hormones that regulate appetite and the factors that influence their levels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Hormone Regulation)
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Review

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13 pages, 1118 KiB  
Review
Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Patients with Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review
by Bernadette Biondi
Nutrients 2024, 16(1), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010087 - 27 Dec 2023
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 6655
Abstract
The literature on the connection between obesity, metabolic syndrome, and subclinical hypothyroidism is critically analyzed in this narrative review. These conditions are frequently observed among adult populations and various studies and meta-analyses have assessed their association. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in obese [...] Read more.
The literature on the connection between obesity, metabolic syndrome, and subclinical hypothyroidism is critically analyzed in this narrative review. These conditions are frequently observed among adult populations and various studies and meta-analyses have assessed their association. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in obese individuals is higher than in non-obese subjects and this trend is more pronounced in unhealthy obesity phenotypes. However, the diagnosis and treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism can be difficult in obese patients. Exaggerated body fat is linked to thyroid hypoechogenicity as evident through ultrasonography and euthyroid obese people have greater TSH, FT3, and FT3/FT4 ratios than non-obese individuals in a euthyroid condition. Moreover, a reduced expression of the TSH receptor and altered function of deiodinases has been found in the adipose tissue of obese patients. Current data do not support the necessity of a pharmacological correction of the isolated hyperthyrotropinemia in euthyroid obese patients because treatment with thyroid hormone does not significantly improve weight loss and the increase in serum TSH can be reversible after hypocaloric diet or bariatric surgery. On the other hand, obesity is linked to elevated leptin levels. Inflammation can raise the risk of Hashimoto thyroiditis, which increases the likelihood that obese patients will experience overt or subclinical hypothyroidism. Both metabolic syndrome and subclinical hypothyroidism are associated with atherosclerosis, liver and kidney disease. Hence, the association of these two illnesses may potentiate the adverse effects noted in each of them. Subclinical hypothyroidism should be identified in patients with obesity and treated with appropriate doses of L-thyroxine according to the lean body mass and body weight. Randomized controlled trials are necessary to verify whether treatment of thyroid deficiency could counteract the expected risks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Hormone Regulation)
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21 pages, 369 KiB  
Review
The Importance of Nutrition in Menopause and Perimenopause—A Review
by Aliz Erdélyi, Erzsébet Pálfi, László Tűű, Katalin Nas, Zsuzsanna Szűcs, Marianna Török, Attila Jakab and Szabolcs Várbíró
Nutrients 2024, 16(1), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010027 - 21 Dec 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 23459
Abstract
Menopause is associated with an increased prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and osteoporosis. These diseases and unfavorable laboratory values, which are characteristic of this period in women, can be significantly improved by eliminating and reducing dietary risk factors. Changing dietary habits [...] Read more.
Menopause is associated with an increased prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and osteoporosis. These diseases and unfavorable laboratory values, which are characteristic of this period in women, can be significantly improved by eliminating and reducing dietary risk factors. Changing dietary habits during perimenopause is most effectively achieved through nutrition counseling and intervention. To reduce the risk factors of all these diseases, and in the case of an already existing disease, dietary therapy led by a dietitian should be an integral part of the treatment. The following review summarizes the recommendations for a balanced diet and fluid intake, the dietary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, the role of sleep, and the key preventive nutrients in menopause, such as vitamin D, calcium, vitamin C, B vitamins, and protein intake. In summary, during the period of perimenopause and menopause, many lifestyle factors can reduce the risk of developing all the diseases (cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, and tumors) and symptoms characteristic of this period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Hormone Regulation)
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