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Nutrients
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Nutritional Impact in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
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Nutritional Impact in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 8613

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Pietro Manuel Ferraro

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Guest Editor
1. U.O.C. Nefrologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
2. Department of Medicine and Translational Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
Interests: chronic kidney disease; epidemiology; nephrolithiasis; nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The goal of this Special Issue, titled "Nutritional Impact in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients", is to focus on the most recent evidence on the role of dietary approaches in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including clinical and translational data on the role of the dietary intake of protein, alkali and acid precursors, and potassium on the development and progression of CKD. The evidence collected in this Special Issue will help both clinicians dealing with CKD patients and researchers in the field of nutrition in CKD.

Dr. Pietro Manuel Ferraro
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 978 KiB  
Article
Alcohol Consumption and a Decline in Glomerular Filtration Rate: The Japan Specific Health Checkups Study
by Yoshiki Kimura, Ryohei Yamamoto, Maki Shinzawa, Katsunori Aoki, Ryohei Tomi, Shingo Ozaki, Ryuichi Yoshimura, Akihiro Shimomura, Hirotsugu Iwatani, Yoshitaka Isaka, Kunitoshi Iseki, Kazuhiko Tsuruya, Shouichi Fujimoto, Ichiei Narita, Tsuneo Konta, Masahide Kondo, Masato Kasahara, Yugo Shibagaki, Koichi Asahi, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Kunihiro Yamagata and Toshiki Moriyamaadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Nutrients 2023, 15(6), 1540; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15061540 - 22 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2554
Abstract
Previous studies have reported conflicting results on the clinical impact of alcohol consumption on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the dose-dependent association between alcohol consumption and the slope of the estimated GFR (eGFR) in 304,929 participants [...] Read more.
Previous studies have reported conflicting results on the clinical impact of alcohol consumption on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the dose-dependent association between alcohol consumption and the slope of the estimated GFR (eGFR) in 304,929 participants aged 40–74 years who underwent annual health checkups in Japan between April 2008 and March 2011. The association between the baseline alcohol consumption and eGFR slope during the median observational period of 1.9 years was assessed using linear mixed-effects models with the random intercept and random slope of time adjusting for clinically relevant factors. In men, rare drinkers and daily drinkers with alcohol consumptions of ≥60 g/day had a significantly larger decline in eGFR than occasional drinkers (difference in multivariable-adjusted eGFR slope with 95% confidence interval (mL/min/1.73 m2/year) of rare, occasional, and daily drinkers with ≤19, 20–39, 40–59, and ≥60 g/day: −0.33 [−0.57, −0.09], 0.00 [reference], −0.06 [−0.39, 0.26], −0.16 [−0.43, 0.12], −0.08 [−0.47, 0.30], and −0.79 [−1.40, −0.17], respectively). In women, only rare drinkers were associated with lower eGFR slopes than occasional drinkers. In conclusion, alcohol consumption was associated with the eGFR slope in an inverse U-shaped fashion in men but not in women. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Impact in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients)
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Review

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11 pages, 531 KiB  
Review
Nutritional Treatment as a Synergic Intervention to Pharmacological Therapy in CKD Patients
by Domenico Giannese, Claudia D’Alessandro, Vincenzo Panichi, Nicola Pellegrino and Adamasco Cupisti
Nutrients 2023, 15(12), 2715; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15122715 - 12 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2448
Abstract
Nutritional and pharmacological therapies represent the basis for non-dialysis management of CKD patients. Both kinds of treatments have specific and unchangeable features and, in certain cases, they also have a synergic action. For instance, dietary sodium restriction enhances the anti-proteinuric and anti-hypertensive effects [...] Read more.
Nutritional and pharmacological therapies represent the basis for non-dialysis management of CKD patients. Both kinds of treatments have specific and unchangeable features and, in certain cases, they also have a synergic action. For instance, dietary sodium restriction enhances the anti-proteinuric and anti-hypertensive effects of RAAS inhibitors, low protein intake reduces insulin resistance and enhances responsiveness to epoetin therapy, and phosphate restriction cooperates with phosphate binders to reduce the net phosphate intake and its consequences on mineral metabolism. It can also be speculated that a reduction in either protein or salt intake can potentially amplify the anti-proteinuric and reno-protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors. Therefore, the synergic use of nutritional therapy and medications optimizes CKD treatment. Quality of care management is improved and becomes more effective when compared to either treatment alone, with lower costs and fewer risks of unwanted side effects. This narrative review summarizes the established evidence of the synergistic action carried out by the combination of nutritional and pharmacological treatments, underlying how they are not alternative but complementary in CKD patient care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Impact in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients)
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Other

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16 pages, 2034 KiB  
Systematic Review
A Dose-Dependent Association between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Proteinuria and Low Glomerular Filtration Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
by Ryohei Yamamoto, Qinyan Li, Naoko Otsuki, Maki Shinzawa, Makoto Yamaguchi, Minako Wakasugi, Yasuyuki Nagasawa and Yoshitaka Isaka
Nutrients 2023, 15(7), 1592; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15071592 - 25 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3272
Abstract
Previous cohort studies have reported conflicting associations between alcohol consumption and chronic kidney disease, characterized by proteinuria and low glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This systematic review, which included 14,634,940 participants from 11 cohort studies, assessed a dose-dependent association of alcohol consumption and incidence [...] Read more.
Previous cohort studies have reported conflicting associations between alcohol consumption and chronic kidney disease, characterized by proteinuria and low glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This systematic review, which included 14,634,940 participants from 11 cohort studies, assessed a dose-dependent association of alcohol consumption and incidence of proteinuria and low estimated GFR (eGFR) of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Compared with non-drinkers, the incidence of proteinuria was lower in drinkers with alcohol consumption of ≤12.0 g/day (relative risk 0.87 [95% confidence interval 0.83, 0.92]), but higher in drinkers with alcohol consumption of 36.1–60.0 g/day (1.09 [1.03, 1.15]), suggesting a J-shaped association between alcohol consumption and the incidence of proteinuria. Incidence of low eGFR was lower in drinkers with alcohol consumption of ≤12.0 and 12.1–36.0 than in non-drinkers (≤12.0, 12.1–36.0, and 36.1–60.0 g/day: 0.93 [0.90, 0.95], 0.82 [0.78, 0.86], and 0.89 [0.77, 1.03], respectively), suggesting that drinkers were at lower risk of low eGFR. In conclusion, compared with non-drinkers, mild drinkers were at lower risk of proteinuria and low eGFR, whereas heavy drinkers had a higher risk of proteinuria but a lower risk of low eGFR. The clinical impact of high alcohol consumption should be assessed in well-designed studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Impact in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients)
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