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Nutrients
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Dietary Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs): Link between Health and Diseases
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Dietary Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs): Link between Health and Diseases

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 August 2021) | Viewed by 13450

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Casper G. Schalkwijk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
Interests: endothelial cell biology; obesity; insulin resistance; vascular complications; endothelial function
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Frédéric J. Tessier

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Medical School, University of Lille, INSERM U1167, RID-AGE, 59045 Lille, France
Interests: food quality; glycation; Maillard reaction; nutrition; analytical chemistry; ageing; diabetes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are generated when fats and sugars react with proteins in our diet, and the formation is further increased by cooking and processing. Over the past decades, dietary habits have dramatically changed due to the increased consumption of processed foods, thereby increasing the exposure to dietary AGEs. The bioavailability and physiological consequences of dietary AGEs are largely unknown. These dietary AGEs may have consequences on the gastrointestinal tract and on intestinal microbiota, and may enter the blood circulation, where they may have effects on different tissues and/or may be directly excreted in urine. High circulating levels of AGEs have been implicated in inflammation and various adverse cardio-metabolic health outcomes such as insulin resistance, pancreatic beta cell dysfunction, T2DM, arterial stiffness, disorders of the central nervous system, and even mortality. Although several important contributions have been made in this field, it remains unclear to what extent dietary AGEs play a role in these adverse health outcomes. In fact, we cannot exclude the possibility that there are also beneficial effects of dietary AGEs. In this Special Issue, progress made in aspects of dietary AGEs and human health will be included. We ask the experts in the field to contribute their latest research, perspectives, or reviews on this fascinating and rapidly progressing topic.

Prof. Dr. Casper Schalkwijk
Prof. Dr. Frédéric J. Tessier
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • advanced glycation end products
  • AGEs
  • diet
  • metabolic disease
  • methylglyoxal
  • inflammation
  • insulin resistance
  • vascular function
  • cognitive function dietary supplements

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 21734 KiB  
Article
Exposure of Caenorhabditis elegans to Dietary Nε-Carboxymethyllysine Emphasizes Endocytosis as a New Route for Intestinal Absorption of Advanced Glycation End Products
by Constance Dubois, Rachel Litke, Stéphane Rianha, Charles Paul-Constant, Jean-Marc Lo Guidice, Solenne Taront, Frédéric J. Tessier, Eric Boulanger and Chantal Fradin
Nutrients 2021, 13(12), 4398; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13124398 - 8 Dec 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3473
Abstract
The impact of dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs) on human health has been discussed in many studies but, to date, no consensual pathophysiological process has been demonstrated. The intestinal absorption pathways which have so far been described for dAGEs, the passive diffusion [...] Read more.
The impact of dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs) on human health has been discussed in many studies but, to date, no consensual pathophysiological process has been demonstrated. The intestinal absorption pathways which have so far been described for dAGEs, the passive diffusion of free AGE adducts and transport of glycated di-tripeptides by the peptide transporter 1 (PEPT-1), are not compatible with certain pathophysiological processes described. To get new insight into the intestinal absorption pathways and the pathophysiological mechanisms of dAGEs, we initiated an in vivo study with a so-called simple animal model with a complete digestive tract, Caenorhabditis elegans. Dietary bacteria were chemically modified with glyoxylic acid to mainly produce Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML) and used to feed the worms. We performed different immunotechniques using an anti-CML antibody for the relative quantification of ingested CML and localization of this AGE in the worms’ intestine. The relative expression of genes encoding different biological processes such as response to stresses and intestinal digestion were determined. The physiological development of the worms was verified. All the results were compared with those obtained with the control bacteria. The results revealed a new route for the intestinal absorption of dietary CML (dCML), endocytosis, which could be mediated by scavenger receptors. The exposure of worms to dCML induced a reproductive defect and a transcriptional response reflecting oxidative, carbonyl and protein folding stresses. These data, in particular the demonstration of endocytosis of dCML by enterocytes, open up new perspectives to better characterize the pathophysiological mechanisms of dAGEs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs): Link between Health and Diseases)
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14 pages, 320 KiB  
Article
Dietary Advanced Glycation End-Products and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study
by Elom K. Aglago, Ana-Lucia Mayén, Viktoria Knaze, Heinz Freisling, Veronika Fedirko, David J. Hughes, Li Jiao, Anne Kirstine Eriksen, Anne Tjønneland, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Joseph A. Rothwell, Gianluca Severi, Rudolf Kaaks, Verena Katzke, Matthias B. Schulze, Anna Birukov, Domenico Palli, Sabina Sieri, Maria Santucci de Magistris, Rosario Tumino, Fulvio Ricceri, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Jeroen W. G. Derksen, Guri Skeie, Inger Torhild Gram, Torkjel Sandanger, J. Ramón Quirós, Leila Luján-Barroso, Maria-Jose Sánchez, Pilar Amiano, María-Dolores Chirlaque, Aurelio Barricarte Gurrea, Ingegerd Johansson, Jonas Manjer, Aurora Perez-Cornago, Elisabete Weiderpass, Marc J. Gunter, Alicia K. Heath, Casper G. Schalkwijk and Mazda Jenabadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Nutrients 2021, 13(9), 3132; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093132 - 8 Sep 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4803
Abstract
Dietary advanced glycation end-products (dAGEs) have been hypothesized to be associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) by promoting inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and oxidative stress in the colonic epithelium. However, evidence from prospective cohort studies is scarce and inconclusive. We evaluated [...] Read more.
Dietary advanced glycation end-products (dAGEs) have been hypothesized to be associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) by promoting inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and oxidative stress in the colonic epithelium. However, evidence from prospective cohort studies is scarce and inconclusive. We evaluated CRC risk associated with the intake of dAGEs in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Dietary intakes of three major dAGEs: Nε-carboxy-methyllysine (CML), Nε-carboxyethyllysine (CEL), and Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine (MG-H1) were estimated in 450,111 participants (median follow-up = 13 years, with 6162 CRC cases) by matching to a detailed published European food composition database. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations of dAGEs with CRC were computed using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. Inverse CRC risk associations were observed for CML (HR comparing extreme quintiles: HRQ5vs.Q1 = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85–1.00) and MG-H1 (HRQ5vs.Q1 = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85–1.00), but not for CEL (HRQ5vs.Q1 = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.89–1.05). The associations did not differ by sex or anatomical location of the tumor. Contrary to the initial hypothesis, our findings suggest an inverse association between dAGEs and CRC risk. More research is required to verify these findings and better differentiate the role of dAGEs from that of endogenously produced AGEs and their precursor compounds in CRC development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs): Link between Health and Diseases)

Review

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26 pages, 1059 KiB  
Review
Effect of Advanced Glycation End-Products and Excessive Calorie Intake on Diet-Induced Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation Biomarkers in Murine Models
by Matheus Thomaz Nogueira Silva Lima, Michael Howsam, Pauline M. Anton, Carine Delayre-Orthez and Frédéric J. Tessier
Nutrients 2021, 13(9), 3091; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093091 - 2 Sep 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4090
Abstract
Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation (CLGI) is a non-overt inflammatory state characterized by a continuous activation of inflammation mediators associated with metabolic diseases. It has been linked to the overconsumption of Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs), and/or macronutrients which lead to an increase in local and [...] Read more.
Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation (CLGI) is a non-overt inflammatory state characterized by a continuous activation of inflammation mediators associated with metabolic diseases. It has been linked to the overconsumption of Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs), and/or macronutrients which lead to an increase in local and systemic pro-inflammatory biomarkers in humans and animal models. This review provides a summary of research into biomarkers of diet-induced CLGI in murine models, with a focus on AGEs and obesogenic diets, and presents the physiological effects described in the literature. Diet-induced CLGI is associated with metabolic endotoxemia, and/or gut microbiota remodeling in rodents. The mechanisms identified so far are centered on pro-inflammatory axes such as the interaction between AGEs and their main receptor AGEs (RAGE) or increased levels of lipopolysaccharide. The use of murine models has helped to elucidate the local and systemic expression of CLGI mediators. These models have enabled significant advances in identification of diet-induced CLGI biomarkers and resultant physiological effects. Some limitations on the translational (murine → humans) use of biomarkers may arise, but murine models have greatly facilitated the testing of specific dietary components. However, there remains a lack of information at the whole-organism level of organization, as well as a lack of consensus on the best biomarker for use in CLGI studies and recommendations as to future research conclude this review. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs): Link between Health and Diseases)
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