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19 pages, 890 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

On the Neutron Transition Magnetic Moment

by Zurab Berezhiani, Riccardo Biondi, Yuri Kamyshkov and Louis Varriano

Physics 2019, 1(2), 271-289; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics1020021 - 13 Aug 2019

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4258

We discuss the possibility of the transition magnetic moments (TMM) between the neutron n and its hypothetical sterile twin “mirror neutron”

n^{'}

from a parallel particle “mirror” sector. The neutron can be spontaneously converted into mirror neutron via the TMM (in addition [...] Read more.

We discuss the possibility of the transition magnetic moments (TMM) between the neutron n and its hypothetical sterile twin “mirror neutron”

n^{'}

from a parallel particle “mirror” sector. The neutron can be spontaneously converted into mirror neutron via the TMM (in addition to the more conventional transformation channel due to

n - n^{'}

mass mixing) interacting with the magnetic field

B

as well as with mirror magnetic field

B^{'}

. We derive analytic formulae for the average probability of

n - n^{'}

conversion and consider possible experimental manifestations of neutron TMM effects. In particular, we discuss the potential role of these effects in the neutron lifetime measurement experiments leading to new, testable predictions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in High Energy Physics)

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18 pages, 9263 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Abramovsky—Gribov—Kancheli Theorem in the Physics of Black Holes

by Victor A. Abramovsky

Physics 2019, 1(2), 253-270; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics1020020 - 1 Aug 2019

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3136

Abstract

The proof of the Abramovsky—Gribov—Kancheli (AGK) theorem for black hole physics is given. Based on the AGK relations, a formula for the luminosity of a black hole as a function of the mass of the black hole is derived. The correspondence to experimental [...] Read more.

The proof of the Abramovsky—Gribov—Kancheli (AGK) theorem for black hole physics is given. Based on the AGK relations, a formula for the luminosity of a black hole as a function of the mass of the black hole is derived. The correspondence to experimental data is considered. It is shown that the black holes of the galaxies NGC3842 and NGC4889 do not differ from those of the other galaxies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in High Energy Physics)

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11 pages, 384 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Magnetic Field in Nuclear Collisions at Ultra High Energies

by Vitalii A. Okorokov

Physics 2019, 1(2), 183-193; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics1020017 - 2 Jul 2019

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3343

Abstract

The magnetic field created in proton–proton and nucleus–nucleus collisions at ultra-high energies are studied with models of point-like charges and hard sphere for distribution of the constituents for vacuum conditions. The various beam ions are considered from light to heavy nuclei at energies [...] Read more.

The magnetic field created in proton–proton and nucleus–nucleus collisions at ultra-high energies are studied with models of point-like charges and hard sphere for distribution of the constituents for vacuum conditions. The various beam ions are considered from light to heavy nuclei at energies corresponding to the nominal energies of the proton beam within the projects of further accelerator facilities high-energy Large Hadron Collider (HE-LHC) and Future Circular Collider (FCC). The magnetic-field strength immediately after collisions reaches the value tens of GeV

^{2}

, while in the approach with point-like charges, some overestimate the amplitude of the field in comparison with more realistic hard-sphere model. The absolute value of the magnetic field rapidly decreases with time and increases with growth of atomic number. The amplitude for

e B

is estimated at level 100 GeV

^{2}

to provide magnitude for quark–quark collisions at energies corresponding to the nominal energies of proton beams. These estimations are close to the range for onset of W boson condensation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in High Energy Physics)

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16 pages, 309 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Super-Higgs in Superspace

by Gianni Tallarita and Moritz McGarrie

Physics 2019, 1(1), 167-182; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics1010016 - 14 Jun 2019

Viewed by 2824

Abstract

We determine the effective gravitational couplings in superspace whose components reproduce the supergravity Higgs effect for the constrained Goldstino multiplet. It reproduces the known Gravitino sector while constraining the off-shell completion. We show that these couplings arise by computing them as quantum corrections. [...] Read more.

We determine the effective gravitational couplings in superspace whose components reproduce the supergravity Higgs effect for the constrained Goldstino multiplet. It reproduces the known Gravitino sector while constraining the off-shell completion. We show that these couplings arise by computing them as quantum corrections. This may be useful for phenomenological studies and model-building. We give an example of its application to multiple Goldstini. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in High Energy Physics)

8 pages, 227 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fractal Structure in Gauge Fields

by Airton Deppman and Eugenio Megías

Physics 2019, 1(1), 103-110; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics1010011 - 21 May 2019

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4025

Abstract

In this work, we investigate fractal properties in Yang–Mills fields, in particular their Hausdorff fractal dimension. Fractal properties of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) have been suggested as the origin of power-law distributions in high energy collisions, as well as of non-extensive properties that have [...] Read more.

In this work, we investigate fractal properties in Yang–Mills fields, in particular their Hausdorff fractal dimension. Fractal properties of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) have been suggested as the origin of power-law distributions in high energy collisions, as well as of non-extensive properties that have been observed experimentally. The fractal dimension obtained here can be calculated directly from the properties of the field theory. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in High Energy Physics)

11 pages, 473 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Probing Trans-Electroweak First Order Phase Transitions from Gravitational Waves

by Andrea Addazi, Antonino Marcianò and Roman Pasechnik

Physics 2019, 1(1), 92-102; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics1010010 - 15 May 2019

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4076

Abstract

We propose direct tests of very high energy first-order phase transitions, which are elusive to collider physics, deploying the gravitational waves’ measurements. We show that first-order phase transitions lying in a large window of critical temperatures, which is considerably larger than the electroweak [...] Read more.

We propose direct tests of very high energy first-order phase transitions, which are elusive to collider physics, deploying the gravitational waves’ measurements. We show that first-order phase transitions lying in a large window of critical temperatures, which is considerably larger than the electroweak energy scale, can be tested from advanced LIGO (aLIGO) and the Einstein Telescope. This provides the possibility to probe several inflationary mechanisms ending with the inflaton in a false minimum and high-energy first order phase transitions that are due to new scalar bosons, beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. As an important example, we consider the axion monodromy inflationary scenario and analyze the potential for its experimental verification, deploying the gravitational wave interferometers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in High Energy Physics)

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8 pages, 270 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Signatures of New Physics Versus the Ridge Phenomenon in Hadron–Hadron Collisions at the LHC

by Miguel-Angel Sanchis-Lozano and Edward K. Sarkisyan-Grinbaum

Physics 2019, 1(1), 84-91; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics1010009 - 2 May 2019

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4193

Abstract

In this paper, we consider the possibility that a new stage of matter stemming from hidden/dark sectors beyond the Standard Model, to be formed in

p p

collisions at the LHC (Large Hadron Collider), can significantly modify the correlations among final-state particles. In [...] Read more.

In this paper, we consider the possibility that a new stage of matter stemming from hidden/dark sectors beyond the Standard Model, to be formed in

p p

collisions at the LHC (Large Hadron Collider), can significantly modify the correlations among final-state particles. In particular, two-particle azimuthal correlations are studied by means of a Fourier series sensitive to the near-side ridge effect while assuming that hidden/dark particles decay on top of the conventional parton shower. Then, new (fractional) harmonic terms should be included in the Fourier analysis of the azimuthal anisotropies, encoding the hypothetical new physics contribution and enabling its detection in a complementary way to other signatures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in High Energy Physics)

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8 pages, 388 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Bose-Einstein Correlations and the Strong Coupling Constant at Low Energies

by Gideon Alexander and Boris Blok

Physics 2019, 1(1), 59-66; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics1010006 - 12 Mar 2019

Viewed by 3317

Abstract

It is shown that

α_{s} (E)

, the strong coupling constant, can be determined in the non-perturbative regime from Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC). The obtained

α_{s} (E)

, where E is the energy of the hadron in the [...] Read more.

It is shown that

α_{s} (E)

, the strong coupling constant, can be determined in the non-perturbative regime from Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC). The obtained

α_{s} (E)

, where E is the energy of the hadron in the center of mass reference frame of the di-hadron pair, is in agreement with the prescriptions dealt with in the Analytic Perturbative Theory approach. It also extrapolates smoothly to the standard perturbative

α_{s} (E)

at higher energies. Our results indicate that BEC dimension can be considered as an alternative approach to the short-range correlations between hadrons. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in High Energy Physics)

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7 pages, 274 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cul-De-Sac of the Spatial Image of Proton Interactions

by Igor Dremin

Physics 2019, 1(1), 33-39; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics1010004 - 30 Jan 2019

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3517

Abstract

The unitarity condition in the impact parameter space is used to obtain some information about the shape of the interaction region of colliding protons. It is shown that, strictly speaking, a reliable conclusion can be gained only if the behavior of the elastic [...] Read more.

The unitarity condition in the impact parameter space is used to obtain some information about the shape of the interaction region of colliding protons. It is shown that, strictly speaking, a reliable conclusion can be gained only if the behavior of the elastic scattering amplitude (especially, its imaginary part) at all transferred momenta is known. This information is currently impossible to obtain from experimentation. In practice, several assumptions and models are used. They lead to different results as shown below. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in High Energy Physics)

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