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Pathogens and Disease Management of Horticultural Crops
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Pathogens and Disease Management of Horticultural Crops

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 3629

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Xiaosan Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Interests: mining and utilization of excellent disease resistance resources; DNA methylation; epigenetics; germplasm innovation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The management of pathogens and diseases in horticultural crops is a crucial aspect of modern agriculture. Pathogens are microorganisms that cause plant diseases, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes. Disease management can be achieved through various measures, including control strategies, disease monitoring and diagnostic techniques, and biological control methods. Among these, disease monitoring and diagnostic techniques are essential for the timely detection and accurate identification of pathogens. This Special Issue of Plants will cover traditional disease identification methods as well as modern molecular biology techniques, with a focus on the importance of pathogens and disease management in horticultural crops. It will provide a comprehensive guide to the application of a range of disease management strategies and technologies, aiming to enhance crop resistance and ensure the sustainability of agricultural production.

Dr. Xiaosan Huang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pathogens
  • diseases
  • horticultural crops
  • microorganisms
  • viruses
  • biological control

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4734 KiB  
Article
Antagonistic Effects and Volatile Organic Compound Profiles of Rhizobacteria in the Biocontrol of Phytophthora capsici
by José Luis Ávila-Oviedo, Carlos Méndez-Inocencio, María Dolores Rodríguez-Torres, María Valentina Angoa-Pérez, Mauricio Nahuam Chávez-Avilés, Erika Karina Martínez-Mendoza, Ernesto Oregel-Zamudio and Edgar Villar-Luna
Plants 2024, 13(22), 3224; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13223224 - 16 Nov 2024
Viewed by 427
Abstract
Phytophthora capsici is a devastating pathogen in horticultural crops, particularly affecting Capsicum annuum (pepper). The overuse of chemical fungicides has led to resistance development, necessitating alternative strategies. This study investigates the antagonistic effects of four rhizobacterial isolates (Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas putida, [...] Read more.
Phytophthora capsici is a devastating pathogen in horticultural crops, particularly affecting Capsicum annuum (pepper). The overuse of chemical fungicides has led to resistance development, necessitating alternative strategies. This study investigates the antagonistic effects of four rhizobacterial isolates (Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) against P. capsici, focusing on the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Using in vitro dual culture assays, we observed a significant inhibition of mycelial growth and sporangia production, especially by B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens. The GC-MS/SPME-HS analysis identified key VOCs responsible for these antagonistic effects. Our findings demonstrate that specific rhizobacteria and their VOCs offer a promising biocontrol strategy, potentially reducing the reliance on chemical fungicides and contributing to sustainable agriculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogens and Disease Management of Horticultural Crops)
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19 pages, 1618 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Chemical and Biological Fungicides for the Control of Diplodia mutila Causing Wood Necrosis in Hazelnut
by Verónica Retamal, Juan San Martín, Braulio Ruíz, Richard M. Bastías, Eugenio Sanfuentes, María José Lisperguer, Tommaso De Gregorio, Matteo Maspero and Ernesto Moya-Elizondo
Plants 2024, 13(19), 2753; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13192753 - 30 Sep 2024
Viewed by 613
Abstract
Fungal trunk disease (FTD) poses a significant threat to hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) production worldwide. In Chile, the fungus Diplodia mutila, from the Botryosphaeriaceae family, has been frequently identified causing this disease in the Maule and Ñuble Regions. However, control measures [...] Read more.
Fungal trunk disease (FTD) poses a significant threat to hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) production worldwide. In Chile, the fungus Diplodia mutila, from the Botryosphaeriaceae family, has been frequently identified causing this disease in the Maule and Ñuble Regions. However, control measures for D. mutila remain limited. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of chemical and biological fungicides against D. mutila under in vitro, controlled pot experiment, and field conditions. An in vitro screening of 30 fungicides was conducted. The effectiveness was assessed by measuring the length of vascular lesions in hazelnut branches inoculated with D. mutila mycelium disks under controlled and field conditions. Field trials were conducted in a hazelnut orchard in Ñiquén, Ñuble Region, Chile. The results showed that three biological and five chemical fungicides were selected in vitro with >31% inhibition after 14 days. In pot experiments, all fungicides reduced necrotic lesions on branches by 32% to 61%. In field experiments, the most effective systemic fungicides were fluopyram/tebuconazole, fluxapyroxad/pyraclostrobin, and tebuconazole, while the effectiveness of antagonists Pseudomonas protegens ChC7 and Bacillus subtilis QST713 varied with seasonal temperatures. Effective conventional and biological fungicides against D. mutila could be integrated into disease management programs to protect hazelnut wounds from infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogens and Disease Management of Horticultural Crops)
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12 pages, 6538 KiB  
Article
Host Status and Response Differences of Flat-Leaf and Curly-Leaf Parsley to Meloidogyne hapla, M. chitwoodi, M. fallax, and M. incognita Infestation
by Ilya Noskov, Hanna Blum, Hansjörg Komnik and Johannes Hallmann
Plants 2024, 13(13), 1730; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13131730 - 22 Jun 2024
Viewed by 729
Abstract
Leaf parsley growth and productivity are often affected by pathogen infection. Root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloiogyne are common pathogens reported on leaf parsley. The response of leaf parsley to Meloidogyne species in tropical and subtropical regions is quite known, while in temperate [...] Read more.
Leaf parsley growth and productivity are often affected by pathogen infection. Root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloiogyne are common pathogens reported on leaf parsley. The response of leaf parsley to Meloidogyne species in tropical and subtropical regions is quite known, while in temperate regions, comparable information is still scarce. In this study, we evaluated the host status and response of three flat-leaf (Laica, Laura, Gigante d’Italia) and three curly-leaf (Grüne Perle, Orfeo, Sombre) parsley cultivars to Meloidogyne species from temperate regions, i.e., M. hapla, M. chitwoodi, and M. fallax, as well as to the southern root-knot nematode M. incognita. Evaluation was based on measuring plant biomass and nematode reproduction nine weeks after nematode inoculation. Our results showed that all four Meloidogyne species did not cause the reduction in leaf parsley growth under the given experimental conditions. Regarding the host status of leaf parsley cultivars for Meloidogyne, results were variable. All six parsley cultivars were found to be good hosts for M. hapla. Regarding M. chitwoodi, the host status could not be clarified properly; however, each cultivar allowed nematode reproduction at least in one experiment. For M. fallax, flat-leaf parsley turned out to be less susceptible than curly-leaf parsley; and for M. incognita, Orfeo, Laura, and Laica were classified as good hosts, Grüne Perle and Sombre as poor hosts, and Gigante d’Italia as a non-host. Amongst all tested cultivars, Gigante d’Italia was found to be the least susceptible cultivar due to its poor host status for M. chitwoodi and non-host status for M. fallax and M. incognita. Infection with M. hapla, M. chitwoodi, and M. incognita, but not with M. fallax, resulted in distinct gall formation on the roots of all six leaf parsley cultivars. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogens and Disease Management of Horticultural Crops)
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13 pages, 1512 KiB  
Article
Exploring Host Resistance against Chilli Leaf Curl Disease in a Tolerant Chilli Genotype
by Manisha Mangal, Arpita Srivastava, Bikash Mandal, Vikas Solanki, Shriram J. Mirajkar, Pathour R. Shashank, Pritam Kalia, Jai Chand Rana and Vinod Kumar Sharma
Plants 2024, 13(12), 1647; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13121647 - 14 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1276
Abstract
In tropical countries, combating leaf curl disease in hot peppers has become important in improvement programs. Leaf curl disease is caused by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) transmitted begomoviruses, which mainly include chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV). However, multiple begomoviruses have also been [...] Read more.
In tropical countries, combating leaf curl disease in hot peppers has become important in improvement programs. Leaf curl disease is caused by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) transmitted begomoviruses, which mainly include chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV). However, multiple begomoviruses have also been found to be associated with this disease. The Capsicum annuum line, DLS-Sel-10, was found to be a tolerant source against this disease during field screening. In this study, we characterized the resistance of DLS-sel-10 against chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV) in comparison to the susceptible cultivar Phule Mukta (PM), focusing on the level, stage, and nature of resistance. Comprehensive investigations involved screening of DLS-Sel-10 against the whitefly vector ChiLCV. The putative tolerant line displayed reduced virus infection at the seedling stage, with increasing resistance during vegetative, flowering, and fruiting stages. Both DLS-Sel-10 and PM could be infected with ChiLCV, although DLS-Sel-10 remained symptomless. Insect feeding assays revealed DLS-Sel-10 as a less preferred host for whiteflies compared to PM. In conclusion, DLS-Sel-10 demonstrated tolerance not only to ChiLCV but also served as an unfavorable host for the whitefly vector. The study highlighted an age-dependent increase in tolerance within DLS-Sel-10, showcasing its potential for effective leaf curl disease management in chilli. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogens and Disease Management of Horticultural Crops)
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