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Morphogenesis and Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites in Plants
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Morphogenesis and Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites in Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 9234

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Hong Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Medicinal Plants Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
Interests: plant reproductive structure development; secondary metabolites; medicinal plant genome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Xia Cai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
Interests: development of secretory structure; accumulation of main medicinal components; autophagy mechanism of plant secretory structure laticifers; regulation mechanism in secondary metabolism; medicinal plants

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites are very complex processes that are affected by many factors, including internal developmental genetic circuits (regulated genes and enzymes) and external environment factors (light, temperature, water, salinity, etc.). This Special Issue welcomes all original research articles and reviews that focus on the effect of developmental growth, genetic factors, and environmental factors on the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites in plants. Studies on the relationship between plant morphogenesis and environmental factors to secondary metabolites’ accumulation based on botany, cell biology, molecular biology, genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and so on are also encouraged. Descriptive structural developments or analyses of pure active ingredients will not be considered for this issue.

Prof. Dr. Hong Wu
Prof. Dr. Xia Cai
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • development
  • morphogenesis
  • gene
  • enzyme
  • environment factors
  • accumulation
  • active ingredients
  • molecular regulation

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 5959 KiB  
Article
Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Metabolic Diversity of Wild and Cultivated Stellaria Radix (Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge.)
by Zhenkai Li, Hong Wang, Lu Feng, Haishan Li, Yanqing Li, Gege Tian, Pilian Niu, Yan Yang and Li Peng
Plants 2023, 12(4), 775; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040775 - 9 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1856
Abstract
Stellaria Radix, called Yinchaihu in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese medicine, which is obtained from the dried roots of Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge. Cultivated yinchaihu (YCH) has become a main source of production to alleviate the shortage of wild plant resources, [...] Read more.
Stellaria Radix, called Yinchaihu in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese medicine, which is obtained from the dried roots of Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge. Cultivated yinchaihu (YCH) has become a main source of production to alleviate the shortage of wild plant resources, but it is not clear whether the metabolites of YCH change with the mode of production. In this study, the contents of methanol extracts, total sterols and total flavonoids in wild and cultivated YCH are compared. The metabolites were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The content of methanol extracts of the wild and cultivated YCH all exceeded the standard content of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. However, the contents of total sterols and total flavonoids in the wild YCH were significantly higher than those in the cultivated YCH. In total, 1586 metabolites were identified by mass spectrometry, and 97 were significantly different between the wild and cultivated sources, including β-sitosterol, quercetin derivatives as well as many newly discovered potential active components, such as trigonelline, arctiin and loganic acid. The results confirm that there is a rich diversity of metabolites in the wild and cultivated YCH, and provide a useful theoretical guidance for the evaluation of quality in the production of YCH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Morphogenesis and Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites in Plants)
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23 pages, 6733 KiB  
Article
Study on Flavonoids and Bioactivity Features of Pericarp of Citrus reticulata “Chachi” at Different Harvest Periods
by Shejian Liang, Jiongbin Zhang, Yufang Liu, Zhijia Wen, Xinxin Liu, Fengliang Dang, Tianxiao Xie, Jingxin Wang, Zhanqian Wang and Hong Wu
Plants 2022, 11(23), 3390; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233390 - 5 Dec 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2216
Abstract
Dry mature pericarp of Citrus reticulata “Chachi” (PCR), Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Chachiensis, is a traditional Chinese medicine that displays characteristics of different usage at different harvest times in clinical use. The corresponding changes in the bioactive components in PCR from different harvest times [...] Read more.
Dry mature pericarp of Citrus reticulata “Chachi” (PCR), Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Chachiensis, is a traditional Chinese medicine that displays characteristics of different usage at different harvest times in clinical use. The corresponding changes in the bioactive components in PCR from different harvest times remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, broadly targeted metabolomics technology was used to compare the differences in bioactive components among pericarps of PCR, which are the raw material of PCR at different growth stages. In the results, 210 kinds of flavonoid metabolites were detected. The content of hesperidin in red PCR harvested in December was higher than that in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride (CRPV) and reddish PCR harvested from July to November. Furthermore, the content of nobiletin, tangeretin, and 3,3′,4′,5,6,7,8-heptamethoxyflavone in CRPV from July to September was higher than that in the PCR harvested at other times. In addition, the result of cluster analysis and PCA showed that CRPV harvested from July to September had an obvious grouping pattern with the reddish PCR and the red PCR harvested from October to December. Differential metabolites in six comparison groups (A1 vs. A6, A1 vs. A2, A2 vs. A3, A3 vs. A4, A4 vs. A5, A5 vs. A6) were 67, 48, 14, 51, 42, and 40, respectively. The common differential metabolite of four comparison groups was 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone (A1 vs. A2, A2 vs. A3, A3 vs. A4, A4 vs. A5). All the flavonoid differential metabolites screened were enriched in 16 metabolic pathways. Moreover, the results of the evaluation of the total antioxidant capacity indicated that CRPV in August was a suitable raw material for the production of antioxidants. Through molecular docking, the content of potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 components in the PCR in October was higher than that in the PCR in other periods. These results further proved that PCR at different harvest times was endowed with different efficacy and usage due to the difference in the accumulation of bioactive components. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Morphogenesis and Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites in Plants)
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16 pages, 1998 KiB  
Article
Structural and Functional Responses of the Heteromorphic Leaves of Different Tree Heights on Populus euphratica Oliv. to Different Soil Moisture Conditions
by Juntuan Zhai, Zhijun Li, Jianhua Si, Shanhe Zhang, Xiaoli Han and Xiangxiang Chen
Plants 2022, 11(18), 2376; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11182376 - 12 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2070
Abstract
Populus euphratica Oliv., a pioneer species of desert riparian forest, is characterized heterophylly. To understand the adaptation strategies of the heteromorphic leaves of P. euphratica to soil drought, we assessed the structural and functional characteristics of the heteromorphic leaves at different heights in [...] Read more.
Populus euphratica Oliv., a pioneer species of desert riparian forest, is characterized heterophylly. To understand the adaptation strategies of the heteromorphic leaves of P. euphratica to soil drought, we assessed the structural and functional characteristics of the heteromorphic leaves at different heights in suitable soil moisture conditions (groundwater depth 1.5 m) and drought conditions (groundwater depth 5 m), which include morphology, anatomical structure, photosynthetic capacity, water use efficiency, osmotic adjustment capacity, and endogenous hormones. These results indicate that leaf area, leaf thickness, fence tissue, palisade-to-sea ratio, main vein xylem area, vessel area, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and proline, MDA, IAA, GA3, and ZR contents showed a positive correlation with the tree height under the two soil moisture conditions, but leaf shape index, leaf water potential (LWP), and ABA content showed a decreasing trend. In addition, the main vein vascular bundle area, main vein xylem area, and contents of malondialdehyde, ABA, GA3, and IAA were significantly greater under soil drought conditions than normal soil water content. Under soil drought stress, the heteromorphic leaves of P. euphratica showed more investment in anatomical structure and greater water use efficiency, proline, and hormone contents, and synergistic changes to maintain high photosynthetic efficiency. This is an adaptation strategy to water stress caused by soil drought and tree height changes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Morphogenesis and Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites in Plants)
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19 pages, 4820 KiB  
Article
Molecular Cloning and Analysis of an Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase Gene (EkAACT) from Euphorbia kansui Liou
by Meng Wang, Zhe Zheng, Zheni Tian, Hao Zhang, Chenyu Zhu, Xiangyu Yao, Yixin Yang and Xia Cai
Plants 2022, 11(12), 1539; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11121539 - 9 Jun 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2255
Abstract
Terpenoids are the largest class of natural products and are essential for cell functions in plants and their interactions with the environment. Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (AACT, EC2.3.1.9) can catalyze a key initiation step of the mevalonate pathway (MVA) for terpenoid biosynthesis and is modulated [...] Read more.
Terpenoids are the largest class of natural products and are essential for cell functions in plants and their interactions with the environment. Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (AACT, EC2.3.1.9) can catalyze a key initiation step of the mevalonate pathway (MVA) for terpenoid biosynthesis and is modulated by many endogenous and external stimuli. Here, the function and expression regulation activities of AACT in Euphorbia kansui Liou (EkAACT) were reported. Compared with wild-type Arabidopsis, the root length, whole seedling fresh weight and growth morphology of EkAACT-overexpressing plants were slightly improved. The transcription levels of AtAACT, AtMDC, AtMK, AtHMGR, and AtHMGS in the MVA pathway and total triterpenoid accumulation increased significantly in transgenic Arabidopsis. Under NaCl and PEG treatment, EkAACT-overexpressing Arabidopsis showed a higher accumulation of total triterpenoids, higher enzyme activity of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), increased root length and whole seedling fresh weight, and a decrease in the proline content, which indicated that plant tolerance to abiotic stress was enhanced. Thus, AACT, as the first crucial enzyme, plays a major role in the overall regulation of the MVA pathway. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Morphogenesis and Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites in Plants)
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