Plant-Microbe-Pest Interactions: Ecological Implications and Defense Mechanisms

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Protection and Biotic Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 7377

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: plant–insect interactions; plant–microbe interactions; plant-induced defense; mycorrhiza

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Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: chemical ecology; plant–insect interactions; plant-induced defense; crop physiological ecology; plant–microbe interactions and allelopathy
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Guest Editor
Cátedra de Bioquímica/INBA, Facultad de Agronomía, University of Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
Interests: plant-insect interactions; hormonal signaling; plant defenses; secondary metabolites; insect attack; plant responses to herbivory

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plant–Microbe–Pest interactions are of global importance to agriculture. In recent years, the beneficial interactions of microorganisms and plants with other organisms, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, insects, other herbivores, etc., have interested many scholars. Plants and insects have intricate and very diverse relationships with microbes. Many studies have shown that microorganisms are important in the interaction between plants and insects, and the interaction between the three is of great significance to plant defense and the stability of the ecological environment.

In addition, plants and insects develop different types of relationships with their microbial partners that can influence the outcomes of the interactions. Insects need to evolve strategies to overcome plant defenses, and plants often reduce herbivore attacks through a variety of mechanisms. Despite progress in the characterization of the microbial diversity associated with plants and insects, the specific role of microbial communities for plant or insect herbivores remains uncertain. Various biotechnological approaches developed in recent years have been instrumental in advancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the interaction between the three. This Special Issue seeks to gather knowledge and deepen our understanding of 1) the impact of plant–microbe–insect interactions on ecosystems; 2) microbes that modulate plant metabolism or their defenses against insect attack; 3) plant and insect host microbes; 4) microbial communities related to insects and plants; 5) ecological and evolutionary patterns of plant–microbe interactions, etc. Articles (original research papers, perspectives, hypotheses, opinions, reviews, and methods) focusing on biochemistry, physiology, molecules, proteins, metabolites, nutrition, and environment at all levels, comprising omics studies; whole-plant studies; field studies in model plants, crops, and trees; and native species are welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Yuanyuan Song
Prof. Dr. Rensen Zeng
Dr. Jorge Alberto Zavala
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • host–microbe interactions
  • plant–insect interactions
  • herbivores
  • microbial-induced responses, plant defenses
  • ecological implications
  • plant interactions with fungi and insects
  • plant interactions with rhizobia and insects
  • phytophagous insects
  • induced resistance
  • mycorrhiza
  • chemical ecology

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 10578 KiB  
Article
Nitrogen Deficiency Enhances Eggplant Defense against Western Flower Thrips via the Induction of the Jasmonate Pathway
by Yueqin Zheng, Qianxia Liu, Shuang Shi, Xiaowen Zhu, Yong Chen, Shuo Lin, Houjun Tian, Lanyan Huang and Hui Wei
Plants 2024, 13(2), 273; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13020273 - 17 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1416
Abstract
Plant nutrition is connected to defense against insect herbivores, but the exact mechanism underlying the effect of the nitrogen (N) supply on the anti-herbivore capacity of eggplants (Solanum melongena) has not been studied in detail. Therefore, we examined the impact of [...] Read more.
Plant nutrition is connected to defense against insect herbivores, but the exact mechanism underlying the effect of the nitrogen (N) supply on the anti-herbivore capacity of eggplants (Solanum melongena) has not been studied in detail. Therefore, we examined the impact of low (LN, 0.5 mM) and high (HN, 5 mM) nitrate levels on eggplant resistance against the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (WFT), a major destructive eggplant pest. Our results showed that LN plants displayed enhanced defense responses to WFT compared to HN plants. This included increased transcript levels of key genes in the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway, the accumulation of JA-amido conjugates (jasmonoyl-isoleucine, jasmonoyl-phenylalanine, and jasmonoyl-valine), JA precursor (12-oxophytodienoic acid), and methyl jasmonate, higher transcript levels of defense marker genes (MPK3, MPK7, and WRKY53), and increased activities of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase upon a WFT attack. Our findings suggest that N deficiency can prime JA-mediated defense responses in eggplants, resulting in increased anti-herbivore resistance. Full article
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19 pages, 3899 KiB  
Article
Assembly of Tomato Rhizobacteria from Different Functional Groups Improves Seedling Photosynthesis and Growth
by Yi Zhao, Yingqi Hong, Peng Wang, Yirong Gou, Rensen Zeng, Qianrong Zhang, Dongmei Chen and Yuanyuan Song
Plants 2023, 12(23), 4000; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12234000 - 28 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1361
Abstract
The rhizosphere harbors abundant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that are vital for plant health. In this study, we screened growth-promoting bacteria from tomato rhizosphere soil, verified their functions, and constructed the optimal combination of growth-promoting bacteria for promoting tomato growth. Furthermore, the effects [...] Read more.
The rhizosphere harbors abundant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that are vital for plant health. In this study, we screened growth-promoting bacteria from tomato rhizosphere soil, verified their functions, and constructed the optimal combination of growth-promoting bacteria for promoting tomato growth. Furthermore, the effects of these bacteria on various physiological and biochemical parameters of tomato plants were evaluated. A total of 36 strains of rhizobacteria were isolated from tomato rhizosphere soil and their abilities to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), solubilize phosphate and iron carriers were assessed. The bacterial strains with the highest capacities for IAA production (R62, R317), phosphate solubilization (R41, R219), and siderophore production (R25, R325) were selected to form three bacterial combinations: R62 + R219 + R317 + R325 (T1), R62 + R325 (T5), and R317 + R325 (T8). Fifteen days after inoculation, all three combinations showed a stimulatory effect on seedling growth compared to the un-inoculated control. Inoculation with T1, T5 and T8 increased the seedling vigor index by 173.7%, 204.1%, and 168.7%, respectively. Compared to the un-inoculated control, the T1 combination increased the activities of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, and the net photosynthetic rate by 132.7%, 18.7%, 58.5%, and upregulated the relative expression levels of the photosynthetic assimilation-related genes RbcL, RbcS, FBPase and FDA by 22.2-, 6.6-, 1.95-, and 2.0-fold, respectively. Our findings provide a potential for constructing rhizobacterial combinations of different functional groups for improving crop growth. Full article
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12 pages, 1333 KiB  
Article
Herbivory by Striped Stem Borer Triggers Polyamine Accumulation in Host Rice Plants to Promote Its Larval Growth
by Hao Zhang, Chaoyue Gai, Min Shao, Linzhi Fang, Xinyu Li, Yuanyuan Song, Rensen Zeng and Daoqian Chen
Plants 2023, 12(18), 3249; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12183249 - 13 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1145
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous low-molecular-weight aliphatic polycations in all living organisms, which are crucial for plant response to abiotic and biotic stresses. The role of PAs in plant disease resistance has been well documented. However, their involvement in plant–pest interactions remains unclear. Here, [...] Read more.
Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous low-molecular-weight aliphatic polycations in all living organisms, which are crucial for plant response to abiotic and biotic stresses. The role of PAs in plant disease resistance has been well documented. However, their involvement in plant–pest interactions remains unclear. Here, the role of PAs in rice against striped stem borer (SSB, Chilo suppressalis Walker), a destructive pest in rice production worldwide, was investigated. SSB larval infestation led to a substantial accumulation of free putrescine (Put) in rice seedlings, which was in parallel with an elevated expression of host PA biosynthesis genes Arginine Decarboxylase1 (ADC1) and ADC2. Moreover, SSB larval oral secretion application with wounding further raised the transcripts of ADC1 and ADC2 in rice compared with wounding treatment alone. The larval growth on both rice plants and artificial diet was promoted by the exogenous application of PA and inhibited by a PA biosynthesis inhibitor. On the other hand, the rice defense responses, including polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities, as well as protease inhibitor level, were enhanced by a Put supplement and reduced by an ADC inhibitor. Our results indicate that SSB herbivory triggers polyamine accumulation in host rice plants, which is beneficial to SSB in rice–SSB interaction. Full article
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Review

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26 pages, 486 KiB  
Review
Integrated Molecular and Bioinformatics Approaches for Disease-Related Genes in Plants
by Alpana Joshi, Hyung-Geun Song, Seo-Yeon Yang and Ji-Hoon Lee
Plants 2023, 12(13), 2454; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12132454 - 26 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2971
Abstract
Modern plant pathology relies on bioinformatics approaches to create novel plant disease diagnostic tools. In recent years, a significant amount of biological data has been generated due to rapid developments in genomics and molecular biology techniques. The progress in the sequencing of agriculturally [...] Read more.
Modern plant pathology relies on bioinformatics approaches to create novel plant disease diagnostic tools. In recent years, a significant amount of biological data has been generated due to rapid developments in genomics and molecular biology techniques. The progress in the sequencing of agriculturally important crops has made it possible to develop a better understanding of plant–pathogen interactions and plant resistance. The availability of host–pathogen genome data offers effective assistance in retrieving, annotating, analyzing, and identifying the functional aspects for characterization at the gene and genome levels. Physical mapping facilitates the identification and isolation of several candidate resistance (R) genes from diverse plant species. A large number of genetic variations, such as disease-causing mutations in the genome, have been identified and characterized using bioinformatics tools, and these desirable mutations were exploited to develop disease resistance. Moreover, crop genome editing tools, namely the CRISPR (clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated) system, offer novel and efficient strategies for developing durable resistance. This review paper describes some aspects concerning the databases, tools, and techniques used to characterize resistance (R) genes for plant disease management. Full article
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