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Processes
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Biochemical Processes for Sustainability, 2nd Edition
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Biochemical Processes for Sustainability, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 March 2025 | Viewed by 2798

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Francisco José Hernández Fernández

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Campus de Espinardo sn, 30071 Murcia, Spain
Interests: green chemistry; ionic liquid; supercritical fluid; biocatalysis; separation processes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Antonia Pérez de los Ríos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30071 Murcia, Spain
Interests: ionic liquid; green chemistry; membrane technology; fuel cell; biofuel
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

After the success of the Special Issue “Biochemical Processes for Sustainability”, we have decided to prepare a second edition. Due to the advantages offered by biochemical processes such as their high chemical and energy efficiency, perfected over thousands of years, and their harmlessness or adaptation to life, biochemical processes are ideal for achieving sustainability. Sustainable development can be defined as development that meets the needs of the present population without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Therefore, sustainability involves reducing the impacts of products, processes, and services on human health and the environment and even achieving environmentally positive impacts. This Special Issue will include cutting-edge advancements in how biochemistry or natural process can help us achieve sustainable development goals. Research in this field is directed towards the development of new methods, new chemicals, or new engineering routes for more ecological and economic products, processes, or services.

We invite authors to submit original research and review articles that promote biochemical processes for sustainable development goals. We are particularly interested in articles that explore biochemical technologies that promote a circular economy, innovative environmental technologies for water treatment and pollution control, process intensification, etc.

Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Biocatalysis
  • Fermentations
  • Microalgae
  • Nanotechnology
  • Environmental technologies for water treatment and pollution control
  • Biofertilizers
  • Microbial fuel cells
  • Green Hydrogen
  • Biofuels
  • Natural materials
  • Chemicals in healthcare

Prof. Dr. Francisco José Hernández Fernández
Prof. Dr. Antonia Pérez de los Ríos
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biochemical processes
  • biocatalysis
  • nanotechnology
  • water treatment
  • pollution control
  • biofuels
  • microbial fuel cells

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 8062 KiB  
Article
Biosynthesis; Characterization; and Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Docking Potentials of Doped Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Pine Needle Leaf Extract
by Nourhane A. Darwich, Malak Mezher, Alaa M. Abdallah, Ahmed F. El-Sayed, Rana El Hajj, Taymour A. Hamdalla and Mahmoud I. Khalil
Processes 2024, 12(11), 2590; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12112590 - 18 Nov 2024
Viewed by 505
Abstract
The current study focused on the synthesis of doped silver nanoparticles (doped AgNPs) with yttrium (Y), gadolinium (Gd), and chromium (Cr) from pine needle leaf extract (PNLE). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed to assess the phase formation, detecting 61.83% from Ag and 38.17% [...] Read more.
The current study focused on the synthesis of doped silver nanoparticles (doped AgNPs) with yttrium (Y), gadolinium (Gd), and chromium (Cr) from pine needle leaf extract (PNLE). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed to assess the phase formation, detecting 61.83% from Ag and 38.17% for secondary phases of AgCl, AgO, Y, Cr-, and Gd phases. The size and shape of the NPs were determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), showing a spherical shape with an average particle size of 26.43 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) detected the oxidation state of the presented elements. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) determined the morphology and elemental composition of the NPs, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) determined the different functional groups indicating the presence of Ag, Y, Gd, Cr, and other groups. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy showed the optical properties of the NPs. A vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) revealed the ferromagnetic behavior of the doped AgNPs. The antibacterial activity of the doped AgNPs was tested against six uro-pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) microdilution assays, agar well diffusion assay, time–kill test, and antibiofilm screening assays, revealing significant activity, with MICs ranging between 0.0625 and 0.5 mg/mL and antibiofilm activity between 40 and 85%. The antioxidant activity was determined by the 1,1, diphenyl 1-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay with a potential of 61.3%. The docking studies showed that the doped AgNPs had the potential to predict the inhibition of crucial enzymes such as penicillin-binding proteins, LasR-binding proteins, carbapenemase, DNA gyrase, and dihydropteroate synthase. The results suggest that the doped AgNPs can be applied in different medical domains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biochemical Processes for Sustainability, 2nd Edition)
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23 pages, 10957 KiB  
Article
Thermodynamic Justification for the Effectiveness of the Oxidation—Soda Conversion of Ilmenite Concentrates
by Kuralay Akhmetova, Nesipbay Tusupbayev, Bagdaulet Kenzhaliyev, Sergey Gladyshev, Nazym Akhmadiyeva and Leila Imangaliyeva
Processes 2024, 12(10), 2276; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12102276 - 18 Oct 2024
Viewed by 482
Abstract
This article presents the results of a thermodynamic analysis of the oxidation soda conversion reactions of minerals in ilmenite concentrates in the temperature range of 373–2273 K. The thermodynamic parameters of pseudorutile, pseudobrukite, and the new minerals, zhikinite and spessartine, were calculated for [...] Read more.
This article presents the results of a thermodynamic analysis of the oxidation soda conversion reactions of minerals in ilmenite concentrates in the temperature range of 373–2273 K. The thermodynamic parameters of pseudorutile, pseudobrukite, and the new minerals, zhikinite and spessartine, were calculated for the first time. It has been established that the most important criterion relating to the stability of titanium minerals and related elements, as well as the reaction properties of the structural oxides of metals and silicon, is their degree of oxidation. Oxides of silicon (IV) and manganese have the best reactivity in solid-phase oxidizing alkaline environments (VI). Modeling this process scientifically substantiates the mechanism involved in the destruction of minerals in ilmenite concentrates in the low-temperature region in the presence of atmospheric oxygen and sodium oxide of soda ash, which are decomposed through the absorption of heat and the evaporation of moisture during the dehydration of hydrated minerals of iron and manganese and the dehydration of the soda–ilmenite batch. Tests conducted during pilot metallurgical production at the Institute of Metallurgy and Enrichment (PMP of JSC) confirmed the feasibility of processing high-chromium and siliceous rutile leucoxene ilmenite concentrates, which are unsuitable for traditional pyro- and hydro-metallurgical enrichment methods, through single-stage oxidation soda roasting, followed by the leaching of easily soluble sodium salts of iron and associated impurities with water and a dilute hydrochloric acid solution. The proposed energy-saving method ensures the production of high-purity (>98%) synthetic rutile while eliminating the formation of strong deposits on the lining of roasting units. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biochemical Processes for Sustainability, 2nd Edition)
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20 pages, 3285 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Recovery of Nutrients from Pig Manure Slurry through Combined Microbial Fuel Cell and Microalgae Treatment
by Adrián Hernández-Fernández, Eduardo Iniesta-López, Ana Isabel Hernández Baños, Yolanda Garrido, Ana Sánchez Zurano, Francisco J. Hernández-Fernández and Antonia Pérez De los Ríos
Processes 2024, 12(9), 1989; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12091989 - 15 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1307
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and microalgae–bacteria consortia represent two renewable and promising technologies of growing interest that enable wastewater treatment while obtaining high-value-added products. This study integrates MFCs and microalgae production systems to treat animal slurry, aiming to remove and recover organic and [...] Read more.
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and microalgae–bacteria consortia represent two renewable and promising technologies of growing interest that enable wastewater treatment while obtaining high-value-added products. This study integrates MFCs and microalgae production systems to treat animal slurry, aiming to remove and recover organic and inorganic components while generating energy and producing biomass. The MFCs effectively eliminated Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), organic nitrogen, and a portion of the suspended solids, achieving a maximum voltage of 195 mV and a power density of 87.03 mW·m−2. After pre-treatment with MFCs, the slurry was diluted to concentrations of 10%, 50%, and 100% and treated with microalgae–bacteria consortia. The results showed a biomass production of 0.51 g·L−1 and a productivity of 0.04 g·L−1·day−1 in the culture fed with 10% slurry, with significant removal efficiencies: 40.71% for COD, 97.76% for N-NH4+, 39.66% for N-NO2−, 47.37% for N-NO3−, and 94.37% for P-PO4−3. The combination of both technologies allowed for obtaining a properly purified slurry and the recovery of nutrients in the form of bioelectricity and high-value biomass. Increasing the concentration of animal slurry to be treated is essential to optimize and scale both technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biochemical Processes for Sustainability, 2nd Edition)
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