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Selected Papers from International Conference on Smart Living and Public Health (ICOST 2020)

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A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Intelligent Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (4 December 2020) | Viewed by 32067

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mohamed Jmaiel

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Guest Editor

Digital Research Center of Sfax (CRNS), University of Sfax, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
Interests: digital health; software engineering; model-driven architecture; self-adaptive and pervasive systems; autonomic middleware
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Mounir Mokhtari

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Guest Editor

Institut Mines–Telecom, 91120 Palaiseau, France
Interests: human–machine interaction; ambient assisted living; semantic reasoning; wearable sensors; human behavior monitoring
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Prof. Dr. Bessam Abdulrazak

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Département d'informatique Faculté des sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
Interests: ubiquitous and pervasive computing; ambient-intelligence; smart-environments; IoT; assistive technologies and rehabilitation robotics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Hamdi Aloulou

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Guest Editor

Digital Research Center of Sfax, ReDCAD, Sfax, Tunisia
Interests: internet of things and context awareness applied for the development of intelligent spaces for public health, ageing, and wellbeing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Slim Kallel

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Guest Editor

University of Sfax, Tunisia

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The International Conference on Smart Living and Public Health (ICOST, https://www.icost-society.org) provides a premier venue for the presentation and discussion of research in the design, development, deployment, and evaluation of AI for health, smart urban environments, assistive technologies, chronic disease management, and coaching and health telematics systems. The conference succeeded in bringing together a community from different continents over more than a decade and a half and raised awareness of frail and dependent people's quality of life in our societies.

ICOST focuses on analyzing the impact of ICTs on public health and the wellbeing of citizens all over the world. The 18th edition of the conference aims to bridge the gap between developed and developing countries facing health and wellbeing challenges with the theme “The Digital Technologies Impact on Public Health in Developed and Developing Countries".

ICOST 2020 was intended to be hosted in Hammamet, Tunisia during the period of 24–26 June 2020 but was finally hosted virtually at the same dates given the COVID-19 situation faced in 2020.

Authors of selected high-quality papers from the conference will be invited to submit extended versions of their original papers and contributions (a 50% extension of the contents of the conference paper is required).

Prof. Dr. Mohamed Jmaiel
Prof. Dr. Mounir Mokhtari
Prof. Dr. Bessam Abdulrazak
Dr. Hamdi Aloulou
Dr. Slim Kallel
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Public health
E-health
Assistive technologies
Artificial intelligence
Machine learning
Internet of things

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 752 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Convolutional Neural Network for Drowsiness Detection Using EEG Signals

by Siwar Chaabene, Bassem Bouaziz, Amal Boudaya, Anita Hökelmann, Achraf Ammar and Lotfi Chaari

Sensors 2021, 21(5), 1734; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051734 - 3 Mar 2021

Cited by 74 | Viewed by 8829

Abstract

Drowsiness detection (DD) has become a relevant area of active research in biomedical signal processing. Recently, various deep learning (DL) researches based on the EEG signals have been proposed to detect fatigue conditions. The research presented in this paper proposes an EEG classification system for DD based on DL networks. However, the proposed DD system is mainly realized into two procedures; (i) data acquisition and (ii) model analysis. For the data acquisition procedure, two key steps are considered, which are the signal collection using a wearable Emotiv EPOC $^{+}$ headset to record 14 channels of EEG, and the signal annotation. Furthermore, a data augmentation (DA) step has been added to the proposed system to overcome the problem of over-fitting and to improve accuracy. As regards the model analysis, a comparative study is also introduced in this paper to argue the choice of DL architecture and frameworks used in our DD system. In this sense, The proposed DD protocol makes use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture implemented using the Keras library. The results showed a high accuracy value (90.42%) in drowsy/awake discrimination and revealed the efficiency of the proposed DD system compared to other research works. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from International Conference on Smart Living and Public Health (ICOST 2020))

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22 pages, 2546 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multirate Processing with Selective Subbands and Machine Learning for Efficient Arrhythmia Classification

by Saeed Mian Qaisar, Alaeddine Mihoub, Moez Krichen and Humaira Nisar

Sensors 2021, 21(4), 1511; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041511 - 22 Feb 2021

Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3318

Abstract

The usage of wearable gadgets is growing in the cloud-based health monitoring systems. The signal compression, computational and power efficiencies play an imperative part in this scenario. In this context, we propose an efficient method for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases based on electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The method combines multirate processing, wavelet decomposition and frequency content-based subband coefficient selection and machine learning techniques. Multirate processing and features selection is used to reduce the amount of information processed thus reducing the computational complexity of the proposed system relative to the equivalent fixed-rate solutions. Frequency content-dependent subband coefficient selection enhances the compression gain and reduces the transmission activity and computational cost of the post cloud-based classification. We have used MIT-BIH dataset for our experiments. To avoid overfitting and biasness, the performance of considered classifiers is studied by using five-fold cross validation (5CV) and a novel proposed partial blind protocol. The designed method achieves more than 12-fold computational gain while assuring an appropriate signal reconstruction. The compression gain is 13 times compared to fixed-rate counterparts and the highest classification accuracies are 97.06% and 92.08% for the 5CV and partial blind cases, respectively. Results suggest the feasibility of detecting cardiac arrhythmias using the proposed approach. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from International Conference on Smart Living and Public Health (ICOST 2020))

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17 pages, 1314 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Low-Cost Three-Dimensional DenseNet Neural Network for Alzheimer’s Disease Early Discovery

by Braulio Solano-Rojas and Ricardo Villalón-Fonseca

Sensors 2021, 21(4), 1302; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041302 - 11 Feb 2021

Cited by 30 | Viewed by 3744

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease is the most prevalent dementia among the elderly population. Early detection is critical because it can help with future planning for those potentially affected. This paper uses a three-dimensional DenseNet architecture to detect Alzheimer’s disease in magnetic resonance imaging. Our work [...] Read more.

\bar{0.86}

mean accuracy,

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mean sensitivity (micro-average),

\bar{0.86}

mean specificity (micro-average), and

\bar{0.91}

area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (micro-average) for the task of discriminating between five different disease stages or classes. The use of tools available for free ensures the reproducibility of the study and the applicability of the classification system in developing countries. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from International Conference on Smart Living and Public Health (ICOST 2020))

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24 pages, 2866 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Efficient Anomaly Detection for Smart Hospital IoT Systems

by Abdel Mlak Said, Aymen Yahyaoui and Takoua Abdellatif

Sensors 2021, 21(4), 1026; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041026 - 3 Feb 2021

Cited by 44 | Viewed by 6473

Abstract

In critical Internet of Things (IoT) application domains, such as the Defense Industry and Healthcare, false alerts have many negative effects, such as fear, disruption of emergency services, and waste of resources. Therefore, an alert must only be sent if triggered by a correct event. Nevertheless, IoT networks are exposed to intrusions, which affects event detection accuracy. In this paper, an Anomaly Detection System (ADS) is proposed in a smart hospital IoT system for detecting events of interest about patients’ health and environment and, at the same time, for network intrusions. Providing a single system for network infrastructure supervision and e-health monitoring has been shown to optimize resources and enforce the system reliability. Consequently, decisions regarding patients’ care and their environments’ adaptation are more accurate. The low latency is ensured, thanks to a deployment on the edge to allow for a processing close to data sources. The proposed ADS is implemented and evaluated while using Contiki Cooja simulator and the e-health event detection is based on a realistic data-set analysis. The results show a high detection accuracy for both e-health related events and IoT network intrusions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from International Conference on Smart Living and Public Health (ICOST 2020))

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19 pages, 2586 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Spectral-Based Approach for BCG Signal Content Classification

by Mohamed Chiheb Ben Nasr, Sofia Ben Jebara, Samuel Otis, Bessam Abdulrazak and Neila Mezghani

Sensors 2021, 21(3), 1020; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21031020 - 2 Feb 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4263

Abstract

This paper has two objectives: the first is to generate two binary flags to indicate useful frames permitting the measurement of cardiac and respiratory rates from Ballistocardiogram (BCG) signals—in fact, human body activities during measurements can disturb the BCG signal content, leading to difficulties in vital sign measurement; the second objective is to achieve refined BCG signal segmentation according to these activities. The proposed framework makes use of two approaches: an unsupervised classification based on the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and a supervised classification based on K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). Both of these approaches consider two spectral features, namely the Spectral Flatness Measure (SFM) and Spectral Centroid (SC), determined during the feature extraction step. Unsupervised classification is used to explore the content of the BCG signals, justifying the existence of different classes and permitting the definition of useful hyper-parameters for effective segmentation. In contrast, the considered supervised classification approach aims to determine if the BCG signal content allows the measurement of the heart rate (HR) and the respiratory rate (RR) or not. Furthermore, two levels of supervised classification are used to classify human-body activities into many realistic classes from the BCG signal (e.g., coughing, holding breath, air expiration, movement, et al.). The first one considers frame-by-frame classification, while the second one, aiming to boost the segmentation performance, transforms the frame-by-frame SFM and SC features into temporal series which track the temporal variation of the measures of the BCG signal. The proposed approach constitutes a novelty in this field and represents a powerful method to segment BCG signals according to human body activities, resulting in an accuracy of 94.6%. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from International Conference on Smart Living and Public Health (ICOST 2020))

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27 pages, 626 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Framework for Detecting and Analyzing Behavior Changes of Elderly People over Time Using Learning Techniques

by Dorsaf Zekri, Thierry Delot, Marie Thilliez, Sylvain Lecomte and Mikael Desertot

Sensors 2020, 20(24), 7112; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247112 - 11 Dec 2020

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3972

Abstract

A sensor-rich environment can be exploited for elder healthcare applications. In this work, our objective was to conduct a continuous and long-term analysis of elderly’s behavior for detecting changes. We indeed did not study snapshots of the behavior but, rather, analyzed the overall behavior evolution over long periods of time in order to detect anomalies. Therefore, we proposed a learning method and formalize a normal behavior pattern for elderly people related to her/his Activities of Daily Living (ADL). We also defined a temporal similarity score between activities that allows detecting behavior changes over time. During the periods of time when behavior changes occurred, we then focused on each activity to identify anomalies. Finally, when a behavior change occurred, it was also necessary to help caregivers and/or family members understand the possible pathology detected in order for them to react accordingly. Therefore, the framework presented in this article includes a fuzzy logic-based decision support system that provides information about the suspected disease and its severity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from International Conference on Smart Living and Public Health (ICOST 2020))

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