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Advances in Microwave Sensors: From Fabrication to Application
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Advances in Microwave Sensors: From Fabrication to Application

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 10237

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Cong Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: microwave sensors; microwave detectors; microwave filters; microwave resonators; microwave measurement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Nam-Young Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Republic of Korea
Interests: RF semiconductor device; RFICs and MMICs; and biosensor applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Kishor Kumar Adhikari

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: planar microwave sensor; microwave-based gas sensors; microwave microfluidic sensors; microwave resonator ice sensors; semiconductor microfabrication
Dr. Junge Liang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications (Ministry of Education), Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Interests: microwave detection; gas sensor; humidity sensor; biosensor
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A renewed interest in industrial, chemical, biological, and medical applications for real-time and non-invasive measurements of material properties is the result of recent advancements in the field of planar microwave sensors. Microwave planar sensors provide a number of possible benefits over traditional sensors, including their small size, low cost, and ease of production and integration. However, some of their fundamental flaws, such as their sensitivity and selectivity, limit their use and range of applications. For highly precise complex permittivity measurements to track the minute differences between various material samples, high-sensitivity microwave planar sensors must be developed. This Special Issue aims to explore current research on the design of microwave planar sensors as well as upcoming challenges presented by their sensitivity and selectivity. Additionally, based on various mathematical model approaches, complex permittivity extraction procedures (real and imaginary sections) will be taken into consideration. The results of this Special Issue may help in enhancing the normalized sensitivity of planar microwave sensors for material characterization, particularly in biochemical and beverage industry applications.

Dr. Cong Wang
Prof. Dr. Nam-Young Kim
Dr. Kishor Kumar Adhikari
Dr. Junge Liang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biosensor
  • complex permittivity extraction
  • field distribution
  • industrial applications
  • microwave sensors
  • resonators

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 7160 KiB  
Article
An Interdigital Microwave Sensor Based on Differential Structure for Dielectric Constant Characteristics Measurement
by Xiaocong Tang, Zhiqiang Gao, Jie Wei, Zheyi Li, Yang Yi, Fan Yang, Azeem Muhammad and Cong Wang
Sensors 2023, 23(14), 6551; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146551 - 20 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1569
Abstract
In this work, a microwave resonator sensor with a unique configuration consisting of three resonators and two feedlines is proposed. This novel design aims to improve the performance and functionality of microwave resonator sensors for various applications. The frequency response of the sensor [...] Read more.
In this work, a microwave resonator sensor with a unique configuration consisting of three resonators and two feedlines is proposed. This novel design aims to improve the performance and functionality of microwave resonator sensors for various applications. The frequency response of the sensor to materials with different dielectric constants is simulated. The results show that the most sensitive region of the sensor is located on the first interdigital structure, and placing the materials in other regions would enhance the linear correlation of its frequency response. The sensor also exhibits the ability to distinguish whether the same material has defects and the ability to qualitatively detect subtle changes in dielectric constant. Finally, the proposed sensor is fabricated and measured under the condition consistent with the simulation environment. The measured results are basically consistent with the simulation results, which confirms the potential of this sensor in detecting dielectric constants and resolving materials with defects, and the response of the sensor to the materials under test demonstrates its potential in measuring different thicknesses and loss tangents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Microwave Sensors: From Fabrication to Application)
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12 pages, 4500 KiB  
Communication
High-Sensitivity Liquid Dielectric Characterization Differential Sensor by 1-Bit Coding DGS
by Bingfang Xie, Zhiqiang Gao, Cong Wang, Luqman Ali, Azeem Muhammad, Fanyi Meng, Cheng Qian, Xumin Ding, Kishor Kumar Adhikari and Qun Wu
Sensors 2023, 23(1), 372; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010372 - 29 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1967
Abstract
This paper presents two devices to detect the liquid dielectric characterization. The differential method was used to enhance the robustness and reduce tolerance. A basic sensor based on defected ground structure (DGS) was designed and the optimization for the squares of the DGS [...] Read more.
This paper presents two devices to detect the liquid dielectric characterization. The differential method was used to enhance the robustness and reduce tolerance. A basic sensor based on defected ground structure (DGS) was designed and the optimization for the squares of the DGS via adaptive genetic algorithm was applied to enhance the performance of the microwave sensor, which was shown by the difference of the two resonant frequencies. Furthermore, the electric field distribution was enhanced. Glass microcapillary tubes were used to hold samples to provide an environment of non-invasive. The optimized device exhibited the sensitivity of 0.076, which is more than 1.52 times than the basic structure. It could be considered a sensitive and robust sensor with quick response time for liquid dielectric characterization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Microwave Sensors: From Fabrication to Application)
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21 pages, 5545 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Non-Contact Millimeter Wave Radar-Based Vital Sign Detection
by Zhiqiang Gao, Luqman Ali, Cong Wang, Ruizhi Liu, Chunwei Wang, Cheng Qian, Hokun Sung and Fanyi Meng
Sensors 2022, 22(19), 7560; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197560 - 6 Oct 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 5767
Abstract
In this paper, the extraction of the life activity spectrum based on the millimeter (mm) wave radar is designed to realize the detection of target objects and the threshold trigger module. The maximum likelihood estimation method is selected to complete the design of [...] Read more.
In this paper, the extraction of the life activity spectrum based on the millimeter (mm) wave radar is designed to realize the detection of target objects and the threshold trigger module. The maximum likelihood estimation method is selected to complete the design of the average early warning probability trigger function. The threshold trigger module is designed for the echo signal of static objects in the echo signal. It will interfere with the extraction of Doppler frequency shift results. The moving target detection method is selected, and the filter is designed. The static clutter interference is filtered without affecting the phase difference between the detection sequences, and the highlight target signal is improved. The frequency and displacement of thoracic movement are used as the detection data. Through the Fourier transform calculation of the sequence, the spectrum value is extracted within the estimated range of the heartbeat and respiration spectrum, and the heartbeat and respiration signals are picked up. The proposed design uses Modelsim and Quartus for CO-simulation to complete the simulation verification of the function, extract the number of logical units occupied by computing resources, and verify the algorithm with the vital signs experiment. The heartbeat and respiration were detected using the sports bracelet; the relative errors of heartbeat detection were 0–6.3%, the respiration detection was 0–9.5%, and the relative errors of heartbeat detection were overwhelmingly less than 5%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Microwave Sensors: From Fabrication to Application)
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