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Detection Methods and Numerical Analysis of Faults in Structural and Geotechnical Engineering

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Fault Diagnosis & Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2024) | Viewed by 4017

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
Interests: multifield analysis; continuous–discontinuous methods; neural network; geotechnical structures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Interests: continuous discontinuous numerical methods and software; explosion and shock waves; rock fracture and fragmentation; rock engineering and digital twin
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Interests: construction engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

From crystal dislocation to rock joints, faults can be found on different scales in different structures.  From an engineering point of view, faults grow and evolve, exerting great influences on the stability and durability of structures.  From the mathematical point of view, faults commonly refer to discontinuities, bringing great deviations from analytical solutions based on partial differential equations.  With the development of smart sensors, non-destructive testing, machine learning algorithms, high-performance computation technology and powerful computing methods, novel detection methods have emerged that can find and trace the geometric and historic information of faults to evaluate their influence on structures and predict their evolution. This Special Issue of Sensors, entitled “Detection Methods and Numerical Analysis of Faults in Structural and Geotechnical Engineering”, will focus on, but is not limited to:

  • Methods, sensors, equipment detecting faults in structures;
  • Numerical methods evaluating the working performance of structures with faults;
  • Numerical analysis on multiscale properties of faults;
  • Machine learning approaches predicting evolutions of faults;
  • Complex numerical case studies of structures with faults;
  • Attempts of digital twin on detection/tracing/analysis of structures with faults.

We are particularly eager to publish manuscripts with validations of results via indoor experiments or onsite testing/monitoring.

Prof. Dr. Timon Rabczuk
Prof. Dr. Yiming Zhang
Dr. Chun Feng
Dr. Zizheng Sun
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • discontinuities
  • monitoring
  • non-destruction testing
  • numerical methods
  • stability
  • durability
  • multiscale

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 15528 KiB  
Article
A Large-Scale Three-Dimensional Apparatus to Study Failure Mechanisms of Rockfalls in Underground Engineering Contexts
by Gongfeng Xin, Guangyu Yang, Fan Li and Hongliang Liu
Sensors 2024, 24(7), 2068; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072068 - 24 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 756
Abstract
Rockfalls are an important factor affecting underground engineering safety. However, there has been limited progress in understanding and predicting these disasters in the past few years. Therefore, a large-scale three-dimensional experimental simulation apparatus to study failure mechanisms of rockfalls occurring during underground engineering [...] Read more.
Rockfalls are an important factor affecting underground engineering safety. However, there has been limited progress in understanding and predicting these disasters in the past few years. Therefore, a large-scale three-dimensional experimental simulation apparatus to study failure mechanisms of rockfalls occurring during underground engineering was developed. This apparatus, measuring 4 m × 4 m × 3.3 m in size, can achieve vertical and horizontal symmetric loading. It not only simulates the structure and stress environment of a rock mass but also simulates the stepwise excavation processes involved in underground engineering. A complete simulation experiment of rockfalls in an underground engineering context was performed using this apparatus. Dynamic evolution characteristics of block displacement, temperature, natural vibration frequency, and acoustic emissions occurring during rockfalls were studied during the simulation. These data indicate there are several indicators that could be used to predict rockfalls in underground engineering contexts, leading to better prevention and control. Full article
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16 pages, 5513 KiB  
Article
Simulation and On-Site Detection of the Failure Characteristics of Overlying Strata under the Mining Disturbance of Coal Seams with Thin Bedrock and Thick Alluvium
by Qunlei Zhang, Jianping Guo, Xiaowei Lu, Kunpeng Ding, Ruifu Yuan and Decai Wang
Sensors 2024, 24(6), 1748; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24061748 - 8 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 883
Abstract
When mining deep coal seams with thin bedrock and thick alluvium, the collapse and fracture of thin bedrock layers may cause geological disasters, such as water inrush and sand inrush of the mining face. Comprehensively obtaining the response data of coal mining and [...] Read more.
When mining deep coal seams with thin bedrock and thick alluvium, the collapse and fracture of thin bedrock layers may cause geological disasters, such as water inrush and sand inrush of the mining face. Comprehensively obtaining the response data of coal mining and reasonably analyzing the failure characteristics of overlying strata are helpful in guiding safe production. In this study, the caving zone heights of overlying strata are obtained by field detection during layered mining. Then, the caving zone heights during the once-full-height mining are evaluated by theoretical analysis. Further, the force and failure characteristics of coal–rock structures under different mining conditions are compared by the simulation detection and analysis. Finally, the results of on-site observation, theoretical analysis, and simulation detection are compared and discussed, and an optimized mining technology is proposed to ensure safe mining. The research shows the caving zone heights of on-site and simulation detections are, respectively, 14.65 m and 13.5 m during bottom-layer mining, which is larger than the caving zone heights of the top-layer coal mining. During once-full-height mining, the maximum caving zone height of simulation detection is 21 m, which is in between two standard results. For the mechanical responses of an aquiclude clay layer under thick loose alluvium, the maximum disturbance displacement of clay aquiclude is 5.8 m during layered mining, which is slightly larger than the disturbance displacement of once full-height mining; however, the maximum stress of the clay layer is 25 MPa during once-full-height mining, which is larger than the maximum stress of clay layer during layered mining. For the clay aquiclude failure, the clay layer during layered mining is in the deflection deformation area, and there is no obvious fracture structure to inrush the water and sand of thick loose alluvium; however, the clay layer during once-full-height mining is prone to produce obvious fracture structure. Therefore, the layered mining technology can effectively reduce and prevent the water/sand inrush disaster of mining working face. Full article
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16 pages, 5991 KiB  
Article
Wind Field Digital Twins Sandbox System for Transmission Towers
by Chenshuo Zhang, Yunpeng Li, Chun Feng and Yiming Zhang
Sensors 2023, 23(21), 8657; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23218657 - 24 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1367
Abstract
Given the digitalization trends within the field of engineering, we propose a practical approach to engineering digitization. This method is established based on a physical sandbox model, camera equipment and simulation technology. We propose an image processing modeling method to establish high-precision continuous [...] Read more.
Given the digitalization trends within the field of engineering, we propose a practical approach to engineering digitization. This method is established based on a physical sandbox model, camera equipment and simulation technology. We propose an image processing modeling method to establish high-precision continuous mathematical models of transmission towers. The calculation of the wind field is realized by using wind speed calculations, a load-wind-direction-time algorithm and the Continuum-Discontinuum Element Method (CDEM). The sensitivity analysis of displacement- and acceleration-controlled transmission tower loads under two different wind direction conditions is conducted. The results show that the digital model exhibits a proportional relationship with the physical dimensions of the transmission tower model. The error between the numerical simulation results and the experimental results falls within a reasonable range. Nodes at higher positions of the transmission tower experience significantly higher forces compared to those at lower positions, and the structural forms with larger windward projected areas yield similar simulation results. The proposed digital twin system can help monitor the performance of structural bodies and assess the disaster degree in extreme conditions. It can guide specific maintenance and repair tasks. Full article
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