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Removal and Recovery of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Wastewater
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Removal and Recovery of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Wastewater

A special issue of Separations (ISSN 2297-8739). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Separations".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 5690

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Qian Ping

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: wastewater treatment; sludge treatment, removal of antibiotics and resistance gene; anaerobic fermentation; metagenomic
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater are the main factors causing eutrophication of water bodies, resulting in a sharp drop in biodiversity in the water and contamination of drinking water sources all over the world. On the other hand, nitrogen and phosphorus are also important resources, of which phosphorus is a non-renewable resource. The global demand for phosphate will exceed the supply and lead to global phosphorus scarcity in the near future. Various types of wastewater treatment techniques, including enhanced biological phosphorus removal, the shortcut nitrification and denitrification process, the anammox process, chemical precipitation, electrochemical methods, adsorption, mineralization, etc., have been widely used for the removal and recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater. However, the mechanisms and engineering applications of these techniques still need to be studied and validated. Moreover, new methods, processes and technologies for nutrient removal and recovery in biological, chemical and physical treatment of wastewater are being developed. Hence, this Special Issue is mainly focused on bringing together innovative techniques and developments in the field of wastewater treatment engineering.

Dr. Qian Ping
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nutrient removal
  • resource recovery
  • biological wastewater treatment
  • chemical precipitation
  • electrochemistry
  • physical treatment
  • phosphorus release and recovery

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3548 KiB  
Article
Achieving Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification by a Membrane Aerated Biofilm Reactor at Moderate Lumen Pressure
by Huiyun Zhong, Yuanyuan Tang, Mengyu Wang and Liangfei Dong
Separations 2024, 11(8), 227; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11080227 - 25 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 723
Abstract
Lumen pressure is of crucial importance to achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) in the membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR); so, in this study, a laboratory-scale MABR was operated under different lumen pressures (7 kPa, 10 kPa, 13 kPa, and 16 kPa) successively [...] Read more.
Lumen pressure is of crucial importance to achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) in the membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR); so, in this study, a laboratory-scale MABR was operated under different lumen pressures (7 kPa, 10 kPa, 13 kPa, and 16 kPa) successively to verify its impact on nitrogen removal. The results showed that NH4+-N oxidation was deficient under 7 kPa due to inadequate oxygen supply, while denitrification was depressed under 16 kPa. Total nitrogen removal efficiency was similar under 10 kPa and 13 kPa (around 78.9%), much higher than that under 7 kPa and 16 kPa (approximately 50%). The biomass density (22.35 g/m2) and biofilm thickness (500.3 µm) were the highest under 13 kPa, and EPS was increasingly secreted along with the increase in lumen pressure. The relative abundance of Nitrospirae was highest under 16 kPa (3.53%), indicating a higher lumen pressure could promote nitrifiers. The denitrifying-related microbes, such as β-proteobacteria, α-proteobacteria and ε-proteobacteria, showed an increasing and then decreasing pattern along with lumen pressure increase, and were enriched at 10 kPa. The results could draw the conclusion that SND could be achieved at moderate lumen pressure, i.e., 10 kPa and 13 kPa in this study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Removal and Recovery of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Wastewater)
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17 pages, 5371 KiB  
Article
The Phosphorus Adsorption and Recovery of Mg/Fe-LDHs Mulberry Rod Biochar Composite
by Meina Liang, Zimeng Wu, Haiyan Cao, Kun Dong, Shaoyuan Bai and Dunqiu Wang
Separations 2024, 11(3), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11030086 - 18 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1715
Abstract
Mg/Fe layered bimetallic oxide mulberry rod biochar composites (MFBCs) were prepared from mulberry rods and characterized using electron microscopy scanning (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). We investigated the adsorption properties of MFBCs for phosphorus, which [...] Read more.
Mg/Fe layered bimetallic oxide mulberry rod biochar composites (MFBCs) were prepared from mulberry rods and characterized using electron microscopy scanning (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). We investigated the adsorption properties of MFBCs for phosphorus, which was recovered via crystallization using calcium chloride as a precipitant. According to the findings, the MFBC is a layered bimetallic oxide with a specific surface area of 70.93 m2·g−1. Its point of zero charge values, or pHzpc, was 7.66. The removal of phosphorus usingMFBCs gradually decreased with increasing pH, and the optimum pH for phosphorus removal was 4.0. The maximum phosphorus adsorption by MFBCs at 298 K was 29.682 mg·g−1 for MFBCs. The adsorption process of phosphorus onto MFBCs is a heat absorption process, and the adsorption isothermal data of phosphorus onto MFBCs fit with the Langmuir adsorption isothermal model. Phosphorus recovery is achieved when calcium chloride is added to the phosphate-enriched desorption solution at a Ca/P molar ratio of 2.2. The phosphorus product obtained from this process is very pure hydroxyphospapatite. The recovery rate of phosphorus in the desorption solution is 99.64%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Removal and Recovery of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Wastewater)
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14 pages, 1886 KiB  
Article
Anaerobic Digestion of Phosphorus-Rich Sludge and Digested Sludge: Influence of Mixing Ratio and Acetic Acid
by Zhicheng Xi, Wenhan Wang, Qian Ping, Lin Wang, Xiangkai Pu, Bin Wang and Yongmei Li
Separations 2023, 10(10), 539; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10100539 - 12 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2534
Abstract
Phosphorus is a critical influencial factor in the anaerobic digestion of phosphorus-rich sludge (PRS). The anaerobic digestion of PRS and digested sludge (DS) mixed according to different proportions was studied. The result showed that the phosphorus release rate of the mixed sludge increased [...] Read more.
Phosphorus is a critical influencial factor in the anaerobic digestion of phosphorus-rich sludge (PRS). The anaerobic digestion of PRS and digested sludge (DS) mixed according to different proportions was studied. The result showed that the phosphorus release rate of the mixed sludge increased with the increase in DS proportion until the DS proportion was over 50%. When the mixing ratio of PRS to DS was 3:1, the specific phosphorus release rate (SPRR) was increased by 20% and the methane production was raised to 7.39 mL/g VSS. A further experiment on the concentration of the added acetic acid indicated that the phosphorus release rate also tended to rise with the increase in acetic acid until the concentration was over 500 mg COD/L. Finally, the results of the anaerobic digestion of DS and waste activated sludge (WAS) showed that there was no typical phosphorus release in the initial stage of anaerobic digestion in WAS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Removal and Recovery of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Wastewater)
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